Clustering of Major Genes Conferring Blast Resistance in a Durable Resistance Rice Cultivar Gumei 2

By using 304 recombinant inbred lines derived from indica rice cross Zhong 156/Gumei 2, a linkage map consisting of 177 marker loci and covering 12 rice chromosomes was constructed and employed for mapping genes conferring blast resistance in rice. Genomic location of gene Pi25(t) conferring neck blast resistance to the Chinese isolate 92-183 (race ZC15) was verified to be located between markers A7 and RG456 on chromosome 6, with genetic distances of 1.7 cM and 1.5 cM to A7 and RG456,respectively. Leaf blast resistance of Gumei 2 to the Philippine isolate Ca89 (lineage 4) was found to be controlled by a single gene. The gene tentatively designated as Pi26(t) was located between makers B10 and R674 on chromosome 6, with genetic distances of 5.7 cM and 25.8 cM to B10 and R674 respectively. Resistant alleles at both gene loci were derived from Gumei 2,indicating an existence of resistance gene cluster in Gumei 2.     

三黄占2号稻瘟病抗性与稻米直链淀粉含量的关系研究

以高抗稻瘟病、直链淀粉含量（AC）较高的三黄占2号和高感稻瘟病、AC较低的丽江新团黑谷衍生的重组自交系群体为研究材料，从性状的相关性和控制两性状的基因在染色体上的位置关系剖析稻瘟病抗性和稻米AC的内在关系。结果表明，两性状间没有显著的相关性。3个与AC相关的QTL分别被定位在第5、6和7染色体上，其加性效应均来自丽江新团黑谷，起降低AC的作用。比较这些QTL与先前对同一群体鉴定的稻瘟病抗性基因（主效基因和QTL）在染色体上的位置，表明控制这两性状的基因上没有紧密连锁关系, 亦没有显著的基因间互作。据此认为，通过亲本的合理选择和分子标记辅助选择可以把三黄占2号稻瘟病持久抗性与理想AC整合到同一品系中，育成优质、抗病的优良品种。     

开滦范各庄矿“绿色矿山”建设的探索与实践

指出了开滦股份范各庄矿业公司以建设国家级“绿色矿山”为目标,将绿色理念贯穿于矿产开发的全过程,多措并举,积极探索绿色发展模式,使企业走上了安全高效、集约内涵、绿色低碳的新型工业化道路,探讨了绿色矿山“建设的多层管理模式”,为推动其他矿山企业建设“绿色矿山”起到一些带头作用。     

1株产洛伐他汀红曲菌的筛选和鉴定

为筛选产洛伐他汀菌株,从不同来源的12个红曲米样品中,分离得到56株菌。通过薄层层析法初筛,HPLC复筛,得到5株产洛伐他汀菌株。对其中1株洛伐他汀产量最高的菌株MPT13(0.263 mg/mL)进行个体形态、菌落特征和分子生物学方法鉴定,并与GenBank中已有的有关序列进行比较及系统发育分析,结果鉴定菌株MPT13为紫色红曲霉(Monascus purpure)。     

CO39近等基因系抗稻瘟病性分析

利用14个稻瘟病菌菌株在温室分别接种和在自然病圃两个年度对CO39近等基因系进行鉴定.结果表明,这套近等单基因系和近等多基因系具很好的鉴别能力.抗病基因Pi-3提供抗病性的时间较长,病斑数较少,并且与其他基因组合而成的累加系也能高抗稻瘟病.     

用水稻基因芯片筛选小麦耐旱相关基因

为了解小麦在干旱逆境条件下的基因转录规律,采用PEG6000对耐旱小麦(Triticum aestivum)品种旱选10号进行拟旱处理,分别提取0、1、6和24h植株的总RNA,经反转录荧光标记制备cDNA探针,并将其与含有6万Oligo的水稻全基因组芯片进行杂交,扫描采集数据后并进行结果分析。在1、6和24h样品中分别检测到差异表达基因166、207和328个,随着处理时间的延长,差异表达基因数目增加。对差异基因进行功能分类,能量代谢途径相关基因在1、6和24h差异表达基因总数中所占比例分别为4.2%、8.2%和16.8%,其中大部分为光合作用相关基因,并且主要表现为上调,但Psbr和Rubisco编码基因的转录水平为下调,暗示它们在耐旱反应中发挥着一定作用。     

准格尔盆地不同程度人类干扰下土壤盐分及离子组成特征

以新疆受不同程度干扰土壤的盐分及离子含量为研究对象,采用统计分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和空间分析的方法,探究人类干扰对土壤盐分和离子的含量及相关性的影响。结果表明:研究区土壤随着人为干扰的增强,土壤盐渍化程度加深;无论何种人为干扰程度下,土壤中Cl-和Na+均为含量最高的阴、阳离子,其含量均随着人为干扰的加剧逐渐增大,其中Cl-含量变化最显著,其在中、重度人为干扰区比无人干扰区分别增加了67%和234%,Na+分别增加34%和86%;土壤盐分含量与Cl-含量的相关性呈极显著正相关,相关系数随着人为干扰程度的加深分别增大51%和77%;离子间的相关系数最大的为重度人为干扰区的Cl-和Na+,达到0.98;土壤盐分与Cl-、Na+、SO42-的空间分布对应度随着人为干扰的增强而增大,其中与Cl-对应度最高,在无、中、重度分别达到53%、66%、89%,Cl-与Na+在重度人为干扰区对应度达到96%。综上,人类对土地的利用方式不同,从而使土壤所受干扰方式(灌溉、翻耕)与频率有差异,导致土壤受到的干扰程度不同,盐分和离子变化情况各异,因此对新疆干旱地区的土壤盐渍化修复时应进行有针对性地精确改良。     

Development and evaluation of a high-throughput,low-cost genotyping platform based on oligonucleotide microarrays in rice

Background  

We report the development of a microarray platform for rapid and cost-effective genetic mapping, and its evaluation using rice as a model. In contrast to methods employing whole-genome tiling microarrays for genotyping, our method is based on low-cost spotted microarray production, focusing only on known polymorphic features.     

骨干玉米自交系抗病性改良研究

以大斑病鉴别寄主近等基因系、骨干自交系及二者杂交F1、F2代为材料,利用前期构建的分子标记技术体系,筛选与大斑病抗病基因紧密连锁的SSR分子标记,同时进行分子标记辅助选择改良玉米自交系的抗病性。结果表明：在大斑病抗病基因位点附近可以找到有效的SSR分子标记,利用这些标记可以对杂交、回交后代进行辅助选择。实验还发现,分子标记的有效性与材料本身的基因型有关,在利用分子标记辅助选择时应注意不同的材料,选择相应的有效分子标记。     

Comparative study on measurement of elastic constants of wood-based panels using modal testing: choice of boundary conditions and calculation methods

Modal testing based on the theory of transverse vibration of orthotropic plate has shown great potentials in measuring elastic constants of panel products. Boundary condition (BC) and corresponding calculation method are key in affecting its practical application in terms of setup implementation, frequency identification, accuracy and calculation efforts. To evaluate different BCs for non-destructive testing of wood-based panels, three BCs with corresponding calculation methods were investigated for measuring their elastic constants, namely in-plane elastic moduli (E _x , E _y ) and shear modulus (G _xy ). As a demonstration of the concept, the products used in this study were oriented strand board (OSB) and medium density fiberboard (MDF). The BCs and corresponding calculated methods investigated were, (a) all sides free (FFFF) with one-term Rayleigh frequency equation and finite element modeling, (b) one side simply supported and the other three free (SFFF) with one-term Rayleigh frequency equation, (c) a pair of opposite sides along minor strength direction simply supported and the other pair along major strength direction free (SFSF) with improved three-term Rayleigh frequency equation. Differences between modal and static results for different BCs were analyzed for each case. Results showed that all three modal testing approaches could be applied for evaluation of the elastic constants of wood-based panels with different accuracy levels compared with standard static test methods. Modal testing on full-size panels is recommended for developing design properties of structural panels as it can provide global properties.