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Polypropylene (PP) fabrics were activated by an atmospheric pressure, dielectric barrier discharge to optimize the effects
of some discharge parameters on the dyeability of PP fabrics. Air and argon plasmas were used to modify the surfaces of the
fabrics, and the effects on dyeability were investigated when the treated fabrics were dyed by leuco and pigment forms of
vat dyestuffs. Surface properties of plasma-treated samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR-ATR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Vat-dyed samples showed a significant
increase in color strength when PP fabrics were pretreated with atmospheric pressure plasmas of either argon or air. 相似文献
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Rafet Aslantas Ilker Angin Mustafa Gokalp Boydas Gursel Ozkan Mazhar Kara 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2016,58(2):127-134
The variability in fruit maturity and quality has difficulties in determining the optimal harvesting maturity. Therefore, maturity stage in harvest is crucial for both fruit quality and minimizing the fruit detachment force. This study investigates the fruit characteristics and detachment parameters of sour cherry (cv. ‘Kütahya’) in terms of different maturity stages. Sour cherries were grouped into five different maturity stages by observation according to their color and dimensions. The fruit mass and dimension increased as a function of maturity stage; however, the fruit mass remained almost same after the 4th stage. The highest values of total soluble solids and titrable acid contents of sour cherry were gained in the last stage of maturity. The value of chroma of fruit outer color was higher 50?% than that of fruit inner color in the 1st maturity stage. However, it was almost same in the 5th stage of maturity. Increasing fruit maturity caused a decrease in the values of fruit detachment force ranging from 4.25 to 1.78 N, giving the coefficient of determination of 0.947. Similarly, the ratio of fruit detachment force to fruit mass, detachment stress, and specific energy decreased as the fruit maturity increased. The harvest of sour cherry is done only once in the optimum time to decrease the harvest cost. Minimizing the variability in fruit maturity throughout the tree is essential for gaining the maximum profit and lower fruit detachment force in this convenient time. Results of this study indicated that 3rd?5th maturity stages were critical for harvest. In order to attain the maximum poundage per tree and color for the market the most of the fruits should be in these stages. Therefore, appropriate management strategies that could homogenize the maturity throughout the tree should be applied. 相似文献
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Using caesium-137 measurements to investigate soil erosion rates in western Istanbul (NW Turkey) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Sevilay Haciyakupoglu T. Ahmet Ertek Des E. Walling Z. Fatih Ozturk Gursel Karahan A. Evren Erginal Nilgun Celebi 《CATENA》2005,64(2-3):222
Buyukcekmece Reservoir, located in the western outskirts of Istanbul, is one of the major water resources of Istanbul, and supplies drinking water to about 4 million people. Erosion in the catchment of the reservoir is an important problem in terms of its longer-term sustainability for water supply. There is an urgent need to obtain reliable quantitative data regarding erosion and deposition rates within the catchment to assess the magnitude of the problem and to plan catchment management strategies. In the absence of existing data, attention has focussed on the potential for using 137Cs measurements to provide retrospective estimates of medium-term soil erosion rates within the catchment over the past ca. 40 years. To date, the 137Cs approach has not been used to document soil redistribution rates in Turkey and this contribution reports an attempt to confirm the viability of the approach and the results of a preliminary investigation of rates of soil loss from uncultivated areas within the catchment. The soil redistribution rates estimated using the profile distribution conversion model varied from − 16.11 (erosion) to 4.59 (deposition) t/ha/year. 相似文献
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Akis Iraz Oztabak Kemal Atmaca Gizem Esen Gursel Feraye Ates Atila Yardibi Hasret Gurgoze Sema Durak M. Hanifi Erez Ibrahim Un Cemal 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(2):793-802
Tropical Animal Health and Production - The polymorphisms of the PRNP gene influence the susceptibility to scrapie in goats. In this study, caprine PRNP gene was analysed in a total of 249... 相似文献
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Antimicrobial treatments have become more important for the textile materials especially used in sportswear, activewear, and
casual wear since they can easily be contaminated by perspiration leading to bacterial growth and body odor. In this work,
antimicrobial activity of chitosan in a silica matrix on pretreated wool fabrics was studied. The pretreatment processes were
applied by two different ways (enzymatic and enzymatic+hydrogen peroxide). Afterwards chitosan solutions were applied to the
untreated samples and to the samples that were pretreated by two different ways to give antimicrobial effects. The antimicrobial
activity of wool fabrics treated in various methods was assessed before and after repeated washings (up to 10 cycles) by the
application of standard test method AATCC 147-1998. The morphology of the treated fabrics was investigated by SEM and their
characterizations were made by the FT-IR spectral analysis. Results revealed that pretreatment ways and chitosan application
methods were quite important for adsorption and diffusion of chitosan on wool fabrics and washing stability. From the SEM
images, it was clearly observed that pretreatment processes caused some degradation on the surface of the fiber; but combined
processes were found to be less degradative and more effective. 相似文献
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The dyeing properties of the polypropylene (PP) fabrics using cationic dyestuffs were investigated after surrounded air atmospheric cold-plasma treatment. Surrounded air plasma (SAP) was used to modify fabric surface and to optimize the effects of some discharge parameters on dyeability. Surface morphology and physical-chemical properties of plasma treated fibers were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Activated surfaces by SAP were grafted with different compounds: 6-aminohexanoic acid, acrylic acid, and hexamethyldisiloxane. Dyeing the plasma-induced grafted PP fabric with basic dye was quite satisfactory when high color strength and good fasteness were considered. 相似文献
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Pretreated (enzymatic and enzymatic+hydrogen peroxide) knitted wool fabrics were treated with atmospheric argon and air plasma
to improve their adsorption capacity. After plasma treatments chitosan solution was applied to have antimicrobial effect on
wool fabrics. The treated fabrics were evaluated in terms of washing stability as well as antimicrobial activity. The surface
morphology was characterised by SEM images and FTIR analysis. From the results it was observed that atmospheric plasma treatment
had an etching effect and increased the functionality of a wool surface. Atmospheric plasma treatment also enhanced the adhesion
of chitosan to the surface and improved the antimicrobial activity of the wool sample. Argon was found to be more effective
than air, since argon radicals played an important role in killing and removing bacteria. No significant difference in washing
durability was observed in terms of plasma treatments. The samples of combined pretreatment processes had good washing durability
even after 10 washing cycle. From the SEM images it was observed that combination of plasma and the other pre-treatment processes
gave less damage than only one process. 相似文献
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Herbaceous weeds present amajor obstacle to foresters in the earlyestablishment and growth of Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.), an important coniferof the semi-arid Mediterranean region. Greatgenetic variability of this pine species indrought resistance has already beenwell-studied. The existence of such variationwithin this species in relation to herbaceousweed competition is unknown. This studyinvestigated the effect of herbaceous weedcompetition on the growth of the seedlings ofTurkish red pine seed sources with differentmoisture regimes in their native sites, usingthe rapid screening technique. Two-month-oldTurkish red pine seedlings were grown inindividual pots in a glasshouse either with orwithout joint goose goat grass (Aegilopscylindrica L.). After two simulatedgrowing seasons, grass competitionsignificantly and progressively reduced pinegrowth. Although mean total pine biomass wasreduced by 71% due to weed competition,seedlings of different pine seed sourcesdisplayed significant differences in growthresponses to the weed treatments: dry site seedsource seedlings generally exhibitedsignificantly greater growth than moist siteseed source seedlings under weed competition. These results suggest that competition fromherbaceous weeds is an important factor inreducing the early growth of Turkish red pineseedlings, and that selection ofcompetition-tolerant seed sources can result insubstantial enhancement of the competitivestatus of this pine species against itsherbaceous competitors in early years. 相似文献