台州市区绿化现状分析与对策研究

文章分析台州市区绿化的现状,指出绿化建设存在的问题,提出了市区绿化的总体思路、目标和对策措施。       

Herd prevalence and genotypes of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cattle bulk tank milk in Gyeongsang provinces of South Korea

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of the zoonotic Q fever, and its reservoirs include ticks and livestock, which are key sources of transmission to humans. Although there have been several studies on the prevalence of C. burnetii antibodies in dairy cattle bulk tank milk (BTM), there is a lack of information on the molecular detection of C. burnetii in BTM in South Korea. Thus, this study was designed to assess milk shedding of C. burnetii in BTM from dairy cattle herds. Among the 607 BTM samples collected from 41 counties in Gyeongsang provinces in 2015, 108 (17.8%) from 23 (56.1%) counties tested positive for C. burnetii by PCR. Because the 16S rRNA sequences of C. burnetii from all 108 PCR-positive samples were identical, two representative samples (BTM-GB-10 and BTM-GN-63) are described in this paper. These sequences showed high identity (96.9–100%) to other C. burnetii sequences deposited in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these two sequences were clustered with existing C. burnetii strains. The relatively high prevalence rates of C. burnetii in BTM detected in this study suggest that C. burnetii is prevalent among dairy cattle herds in South Korea. Thus, implementation of continuous monitoring and control strategies for domestic animals is needed to prevent disease transmission and protect public health.

     

大陈岛森林公园旅游资源及其开发前景探讨

论述了浙江省大陈岛森林公园现有的旅游资源──即生物资源、自然景观及人文景观等，同时提出了开发利用的一些设想。     

Evidence of Toxoplasma gondii Exposure among Horses in Korea

The present study investigated the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) antibodies by ELISA in horses reared in Korea. Serum samples were collected from 2009 through 2013 from 816 horses reared in Korea. Analysis was performed using a commercial toxoplasmosis ELISA kit to detect anti-T. gondii antibodies. Overall, 24 out of 816 horses (2.9%) were seropositive for T. gondii. The result was analyzed by age, gender, breed and region. Significant differences were observed according to breed and region (P<0.05). This is the first nationwide serological investigation of T. gondii in horses reared in Korea. The study results reveal that T. gondii occurs nationwide in Korean horses.     

Biological characterization and genetic diversity analysis of two species of Pestalotiopsis causing twig dieback of Myrica rubra

Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Siebold & Zucc) is an evergreen fruit tree with high ecological and economic values in China. In recent years, a new twig dieback disease caused by Pestalotiopsis mangiferae and P. vismiae was observed in major M. rubra-producing areas of Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces, causing serious economic losses. In this study, 16 isolates of P. mangiferae and 27 isolates of P. vismiae were obtained from diseased leaves, roots and branches of M. rubra from different regions. The optimum growth temperature of the two species of Pestalotiopsis was determined to be 20–25 °C, while the optimum temperature for the germination of conidia was 25–35 °C. The two species of Pestalotiopsis showed rich genetic diversity. Inoculating the conidial suspension of one or both of the two species of the Pestalotiopsis on detached leaves or branches of M. rubra could cause lesions surrounding the inoculation sites with the frequency of 100 %. Moreover, necrotic lesions could be observed on inoculated potted plants with the frequencies of 33.3 % for P. mangiferae, 25 % for P. vismiae and 50 % for a mixed inoculum.     

Seroprevalence of equine piroplasms in the Republic of Korea

Equine piroplasms include two tick-borne protozoan parasites, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Although no clinical equine piroplasmosis has been reported in the Republic of Korea, the possible existence of the disease has been proposed due to a nationwide distribution of the vector ticks. To determine if the antibodies against B. caballi and T. equi were present, 184 sera of horses (Equus caballus) raised in the Republic of Korea from 2007 to 2010 were assessed using cELISA kits. Two (1.1%) out of 184 sera were positive for T. equi, but none were seropositive for B. caballi. Both samples tested positive came from one region (Gyeonggi province). The accuracy of the cELISA was confirmed by PCR using primers specific to the 18S rRNA of T. equi. This study presents for the first time horses infected by T. equi in the Republic of Korea. Since the infection of T. equi occurred in horses raised in the Republic of Korea, further studies with continuous monitoring of the vector ticks for equine piroplasms and appropriate control programs need to be established.     

沿海平原丘陵区绿色通道建设的主要模式和树种选择

绿色通道建设已成为生态林业发展的一个重点和热点，提出了绿色通道建设的指导思想和原则，探讨了通道绿化的三种功能类型和几种主要的结构模式及其应用通则，并指出了通道绿化的主要树种和灌、藤类植物，为全面科学地推进绿色通道建设提供参考依据。     

Sarcoptic mange in captive maras: the first known outbreak and complete recovery with colony-wide acaricide treatment

Among 16 maras housed as a colony at a zoo, 2 initially showed generalized dermal lesions on the legs, head and abdomen. Approximately 1 month later, following completion of therapy with amitraz, 6 maras in the same colony, including the 2 previously diseased animals, showed dermal lesions with severe alopecia and crusting. Sarcoptic mange was diagnosed on skin scrapings on the basis of morphological criteria. The mites were highly mobile and abundant in all cases, and no other causative agents were detected. Colony-wide treatment with ivermectin and prednisolone was administered weekly for a total of 4 treatments. After therapy was completed in all cohabitants, follow-up scrapings were negative for Sarcoptes scabiei. This report describes the first known outbreak of sarcoptic mange in captive maras and successful treatment with acaricides.     

新型笼目海带风味果冻的加工工艺研究

以日本笼目海带为原料进行笼目海带风味果冻加工工艺探究。通过单因素及正交试验确定海带汁的最佳脱腥工艺和复配胶比。研究结果表明,最优脱腥工艺为:绿茶添加量0.15%,脱腥时间25 min,温度90℃;最佳复配胶比例为:卡拉胶∶魔芋胶∶琼脂=10∶2∶1。采用正交试验获得笼目海带风味果冻加工优化工艺为:以20%笼目海带汁为底物,复配胶添加量1.3%(卡拉胶、魔芋胶、琼脂),KCl 0.06%,白砂糖3.0%,浓缩果汁(苹果、橘子)添加量10.0%,pH 4.0。制作的笼目海带果冻色泽均匀,酸甜适中,风味独特,符合国家果冻食品卫生要求(GB 19299-2015)。     

阔叶林发展的主要途径和模式选择

发展阔叶林是新时期林业建设的战略性工作。提出了阔叶林(含针阔混交林)发展的原则和主要途径,探索了阔叶林发展的主要树种和模式。