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Equine polymorphonuclear (PMN) and mononuclear (MN) leucocytes were separated on Percoll gradients and used to study the chemoattractant properties of the polar ether-linked phospholipid, platelet activating factor (PAF). Six concentrations of PAF ranging from 1 ng/ml to 100 g/ml were studied in each of two in vitro assay systems, the agarose microdroplet and a microfilter technique. Very significant (p<0.01) increases in the movement of both PMN and MN cells were obtained with most concentrations of PAF. In two instances there was no apparent concentration-response relationship, although the action of PAF was approximately bell-shaped in two others. The possible significance of these findings for equine inflammatory conditions is discussed. 相似文献
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卵泡从原始卵泡发育为成熟卵泡,直至排卵、黄体发育等过程都受到精密的调控,产生大量的优势卵泡是绵羊产多羔及实现快速扩繁的关键因素。研究发现,相关信号通路和转录因子通过影响绵羊卵泡中卵母细胞、颗粒细胞的生长,进而调控卵泡的发育成熟,对这些信号通路进行深入了解,有助于探索卵泡发育的调控机制,早日实现绵羊高效繁育。Notch是卵泡发育过程中发挥重要作用的高度保守信号通路,PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路各成员都是广泛存在于细胞内的信号转导分子,在卵泡发育早期发挥了主要作用,还有间隙连接(gap junction,GJ)和跨带突触(transzonal projections,TZPs)等物理连接方式,在细胞间的交流通讯起到重要作用。作者详细介绍了Notch信号通路、PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路、间隙连接及跨带突触的结构功能在绵羊卵泡发育中的调控作用,为进一步探明绵羊卵泡发育的调控机制提供参考。 相似文献
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Feline calicivirus (FCV) is an important and highly prevalent pathogen of cats. It belongs to the family Caliciviridae which includes other significant pathogens of man and animals. As an RNA virus, high polymerase error rates convey upon FCV a high genome plasticity, and allow the virus to respond rapidly to environmental selection pressures. This makes the virus very adaptable and has important implications for clinical disease and its control. Being genetically diverse, FCV is associated with a range of clinical syndromes from inapparent infections to relatively mild oral and upper respiratory tract disease with or without acute lameness. More recently, highly virulent forms of the virus have emerged associated with a systemic infection that is frequently fatal. A proportion of FCV infected cats that recover from acute disease, remain persistently infected. In such cats, virus evolution is believed to help the virus to evade the host immune response. Such long-term carriers may only represent a minority of the feline population but are likely to be crucial to the epidemiology of the virus. Vaccination against FCV has been available for many years and has effectively reduced the incidence of clinical disease. However, the vaccines do not prevent infection and vaccinated cats can still become persistently infected. In addition, FCV strain variability means that not all strains are protected against equally. Much progress has been made in understanding the biology and pathogenesis of this important feline virus. Challenges for the future will necessarily focus on how to control the variability of this virus particularly in relation to emerging virulent strains and vaccination. 相似文献
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Feline herpesvirus (FHV-1; felid herpesvirus 1 (FeHV-1)) is an alphaherpesvirus of cats closely related to canine herpesvirus-1 and phocine herpesvirus-1. There is only one serotype of the virus and it is relatively homogenous genetically. FeHV-1 is an important cause of acute upper respiratory tract and ocular disease in cats. In addition, its role in more chronic ocular disease and skin lesions is increasingly being recognised. Epidemiologically, FeHV-1 behaves as a typical alphaherpesvirus whereby clinically recovered cats become latently infected carriers which undergo periodic episodes of virus reactivation, particularly after a stress. The primary site of latency is the trigeminal ganglion. Conventional inactivated and modified-live vaccines are available and protect reasonably well against disease but not infection, although viral shedding may be reduced. Genetically engineered vaccines have also been developed, both for FeHV-1 and as vector vaccines for other pathogens, but none is as yet marketed. 相似文献
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A. M. PIRES M. F. MAGALHÃES L. MOREIRA DA COSTA M. J. ALVES & M. M. COELHO 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2008,15(1):49-58
Abstract The effects of an extreme flash flood on the native fish assemblages across a Mediterranean catchment in Southwest Portugal were investigated. The fish community structure and habitat were surveyed at 10 sites pre- and post-flood. Overall species richness and rank abundances changed little after the flood, despite there being a consistent decline in the abundance of small cyprinids. Pre- and post-flood habitat correlates of abundance changed for at least some species, and variability in assemblage structure was associated with flood, depth and pH. These results indicate that extreme floods occurring early in the wet season may have little disruptive effects on the overall structure of native fish assemblages in Mediterranean streams, although may at least partially influence population dynamics for some species. Habitat quality and complexity are likely to play a role in mediating species responses to flooding. 相似文献
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卫星降水产品在缺资料地区开展水文气象研究及径流模拟中发挥着至关重要的作用,然而卫星降水产品的精度可能会影响径流模拟效果。采用多种统计指标和VIC水文模型综合评估5种卫星降水产品(CMORPH-BLD、GSMaP_Gauge、CMFD、MSWEP和PERSIANN-CDR)在雅鲁藏布江流域的精度和拉萨河流域的水文模拟效果。结果表明:(1)CMORPH_BLD和GSMaP_Gauge在少雨季存在低估,CMFD在少雨季与观测值具有很好的一致性。MSWEP和PERSIANN-CDR在多雨季和少雨季存在高估。降水量方面,CMORPH-BLD和CMFD均较为接近观测值,其他降水产品存在不同程度的高估。(2)日尺度上,除CMFD外其他卫星降水数据与观测值具有较小的相关性(0.26~0.45),CMORPH-BLD和CMFD和观测值具有较好的一致性,CMFD和MSWEP探测小降水事件(0.1,0.5,1 mm/d)的能力优于GSMaP_Gauge。各卫星降水产品在探测强降水(2,5,10 mm/d)方面能力不足。日降水2 mm/d的降水阈值为各分类指数的变化点。(3)月尺度上,各降水产品与观测值具有很... 相似文献