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Effects of peroral insulin and glucose on circulating insulin-like growth factor-I, its binding proteins and thyroid hormones in neonatal calves 下载免费PDF全文
Danijela Kirovski M. Lazarevi Ivona Bari
evi-Jones Olgica Nedi Romana Masnikosa Judith Anna Nikoli 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(3):253-258
There is disagreement in the literature about the ability of neonatal calves to absorb perorally administered insulin. This study evaluated the absorption of a bolus of insulin administered alone or with an energy souce and its effects on the circulating insulin-like growth factor system and thyroid hormones in newborn Holstein-Friesian calves. Within 1 h of dosing, mean serum insulin and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations had increased considerably, whether the insulin was applied alone (n = 4) or together with glucose (n = 4), accompanied by marked hypoglycemia. No significant changes were observed in control calves (n = 4) given the vehicle solution. Increased serum glucose and T3 concentrations with no change in insulinemia occurred in a 4th group of calves given glucose alone. At 32 h of age and after 3 meals of colostrum there were no differences in glycemia, insulinemia, or proteinemia among the 4 groups of calves examined. Mean serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) tended to decrease over this period in the control group. The decrease was more pronounced in the insulin-treated group but absent in both groups that received glucose. These differences were associated with equivalent differences in abundance of the 40-45K IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3); however, lower molecular mass IGFBPs were not affected. The results show that a pharmacological peroral dose of insulin can lead to rapid systemic alterations in the IGF/IGFBP system in neonatal calves that can be modified by simultaneous administration of a small energy supply in the form of glucose. 相似文献
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The impact of the chromium supplementation on insulin signalling pathway in different tissues and milk yield in dairy cows 下载免费PDF全文
M. Pantelić L. J. Jovanović R. Prodanović I. Vujanac M. Đurić T. Ćulafić S. Vranješ‐Đurić G. Korićanac D. Kirovski 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):41-55
Thirty days before expected time of parturition, 20 Holstein cows were divided into ?Cr and +Cr groups. From day 25 before parturition (BP ) up to day 30 after parturition (AP ), +Cr cows received 10 mg of Cr (chromium‐enriched yeast) daily. Muscle and adipose tissue samples were taken at days ?30, ?10, +7 and +10 related to parturition, when body condition score (BCS ) was also determined. Hepatic tissue samples were taken at days ?10 and +7. Tissue samples were used for determination of the insulin signalling pathway protein expressions. Intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT ) was performed at days ?28, ?7, +10 and +30. Milk yield was recorded during first 14 weeks AP . Milk composition was obtained at days 7 and 28 AP . At day 10 BP , protein content of β ‐subunit of insulin receptor (IR β ) was significantly higher (p ? 0.05) in muscle, and phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 at serine 307 (pIRS ‐1 Ser307) was significantly lower (p ? 0.05) in hepatic tissue of +Cr group. After parturition, pIRS ‐1 Ser307 was significantly lower in muscle tissue at days 7 and 28 (p ? 0.05 and p ? 0.001, respectively), while phosphorylation of Akt at serine 473 (pA kt Ser473) was significantly higher (p ? 0.01) in hepatic tissue at day 7 AP in +Cr group. Chromium had opposite effect on insulin kinetics during IVGTT s obtained BP and AP . Insulin secretion was significantly reduced at day 7 BP and significantly enhanced at day 10 AP , when NEFA concentration was also significantly increased. Milk yield and ECM value were depressed in +Cr group. DMI and BCS were significantly enhanced in +Cr group at day 7 BP . In conclusion, chromium modulates insulin signalling pathway in dairy cows, but targeted signalling molecules are different in antepartal then post‐partal period, probably due to duration of exposure to chromium and different energy status between those periods. 相似文献
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Danijela tanfel Livije Kalogjera Sergej V. Ryazantsev Kristina Hla
a Elena Y. Radtsig Rashidov Teimuraz Pero Hraba
《Marine drugs》2022,20(5)
The history of saline nasal irrigation (SNI) is indeed a long one, beginning from the ancient Ayurvedic practices and gaining a foothold in the west at the beginning of the 20th century. Today, there is a growing number of papers covering the effects of SNI, from in vitro studies to randomized clinical trials and literature overviews. Based on the recommendations of most of the European and American professional associations, seawater, alone or in combination with other preparations, has its place in the treatment of numerous conditions of the upper respiratory tract (URT), primarily chronic (rhino)sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, acute URT infections and postoperative recovery. Additionally, taking into account its multiple mechanisms of action and mounting evidence from recent studies, locally applied seawater preparations may have an important role in the prevention of viral and bacterial infections of the URT. In this review we discuss results published in the past years focusing on seawater preparations and their use in clinical and everyday conditions, since such products provide the benefits of additional ions vs. saline, have an excellent safety profile and are recommended by most professional associations in the field of otorhinolaryngology. 相似文献
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Bozic Dragana Saric-Krsmanovic Marija Pavlovic Danijela Vrbnicanin Sava 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2013,120(5-6):233-237
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 at the Experimental Field Institute Padinska Skela PKB Agroe-konomik, near Belgrade, to quantify effects... 相似文献
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Danijela Stesevic Ute Feiler Danijela Sundic Slavoljub Mijovic Lothar Erdinger Thomas-Benjamin Seiler Peter Heininger Henner Hollert 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2007,7(5):342-349
Goal, Scope and Background Situated in the transboundary belt between Montenegro and Albania, Lake Skadar is the largest freshwater reservoir in Southeastern
Europe. Because of the wide range of endemic, rare or endangered plant and animal species it supports, Lake Skadar and its
extensive adjacent wetlands are internationally recognised as a site of significance and importance (Ramsar site). Within
the last 10 to 20 years, Lake Skadar was exposed to intensive pollution. For the assessment of the ecotoxic load of the sediments
sampled in Lake Skadar, a triad approach was recently applied. Overall, a complex spectrum of ecotoxic loads was elucidated.
The aim of the present study was to use plant-based bioassays for assessing the sediment quality of Lake Skadar in order to
facilitate and complement the triad test battery. The newly developed sediment contact test with Myriophyllum aquaticum and the aquatic growth inhibition test with Lemna minor were applied to native sediments and pore water, respectively, allowing the investigation of different toxicity-effects caused
by particle-bound pollutants as well as pollutants in the interstitial water. This investigation is the first application
of the novel sediment contact test with Myriophyllum aquaticum to lake sediments.
Methods Sediment samples were taken from nine selected sites at Lake Skadar and investigated by the sediment contact assay with Myriophyllum aquaticum. The pore water was extracted from these sediment samples to be analysed in the aquatic growth inhibition test with Lemna minor. The results of the sediment contact tests were compared with each other and with those of the aquatic growth inhibition
test.
Results and Discussion Both applied macrophyte biotests revealed distinct changes in the growth behaviour of the two macrophytes subsequent to the
exposure to the investigated natural sediments of Lake Skadar. The Myriophyllum sediment contact test revealed significant toxicity in the sediment samples from Radus and Kamenik, whereas the aquatic Lemna test showed inhibition effects for the samples from Sterbeq, Plavnica and Kamice. Data obtained with the newly developed
Danio rerio contact test and the Arthrobacter globiformis contact test confirmed the Myriophyllum results.
Analyses of the heavy metal content in the sediments revealed low or moderate contamination levels. Correlation analyses between
the content of heavy metals in the sediments and growth inhibition of Myriophyllum aquaticum showed a significant correlation between Cr concentrations and growth inhibition. Comparable findings are available for a
German river system. In contrast, no significant correlation between inhibition rates and concentration of metals could be
observed with Lemna minor.
Conclusions It was shown that the newly developed sediment contact test with Myriophyllum aquaticum is applicable to lake sediments. In both the sediment contact test with Myriophyllum aquaticum on whole sediments and the aquatic growth inhibition test with Lemna minor on pore water, plant growth was influenced by the natural sediments and its components. Therefore, both test systems were
found to be suitable for the detection of phytotoxic effects upon exposure to sediments. Myriophyllum aquaticum as test organism of the contact test grows directly in the sediment without an additional water-layer. Thus, it is able to
detect toxicity caused by particle-bound phytotoxic substances as well as pore water-related contamination, while the floating
Lemna minor can only detect effects emanating from pore water. Significant differences of the results were observed between these two
test systems and, accordingly, the two different exposure scenarios. Hence, none of the tests can replace the other one and,
as a consequence, both should be included into a test battery for the assessment of sediment toxicity.
Recommendations and Perspectives Both plant assays were shown to be reliable tools for the evaluation of the eco-toxicological risk potentials of pore water
and solid-phase sediment. They should become a complement to the standardised test battery generally used for comprehensive
hazard assessment.
ESS-Submission Editor: Dr. Ulrike Kammann (ulrike.kammann@ifo.bfa-fisch.de) 相似文献
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Mirjana B. ?olovi?Danijela Z. Krsti? Gordana S. Uš?umli?Vesna M. Vasi? 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,100(1):16-22
In vitro inhibition of electric eel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by single and simultaneous exposure to organophosphorus insecticides diazinon and chlorpyrifos, and their transformation products, formed due to photoinduced degradation, was investigated. Increasing concentrations of diazinon, chlorpyrifos and their oxidation products, diazoxon and chlorpyrifos-oxon, inhibited AChE in a concentration-dependent manner. IC50 (20 min) values, obtained from the inhibition curves, were (in mol/l): (5.1 ± 0.3) × 10−8, (4.3 ± 0.2) × 10−6 and (3.0 ± 0.1) × 10−8 for diazoxon, chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon, respectively, while maximal diazinon concentration was lower than its IC50 (20 min). Calculated KI values, in mol/l, of 7.9 × 10−7, 9.6 × 10−6 and 4.3 × 10−7 were obtained for diazoxon, chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon, respectively. However, 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinol (IMP) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, diazinon and chlorpyrifos hydrolysis products, did not noticeably affect the enzyme activity at all investigated concentrations. Additive inhibition effect was achieved for lower concentrations of the inhibitors (diazinon/diazoxon ?1 × 10−4/1 × 10−8 mol/l i.e., chlorpyrifos/chlorpyrifos-oxon ?2 × 10−6/3 × 10−8 mol/l), while an antagonistic effect was obtained for all higher concentrations of the organophosphates. Inhibitory power of 1 × 10−4 mol/l diazinon irradiated samples can be attributed mostly to the formation of diazoxon, while the presence of non-inhibiting photodegradation product IMP did not affect diazinon and diazoxon inhibitory efficiencies. 相似文献
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Bozic Dragana Pavlovic Danijela Bregola Valeria Di Loreto Alessandro Bosi Sara Vrbnicanin Sava 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2015,122(4):183-188
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Weedy forms of cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus) are invasive species widely distributed in several regions of the world and are commonly... 相似文献