排序方式: 共有27条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
AIM: To compare, in cows treated with an internal teat sealant, the effect of short-acting and long-acting cloxacillin-based dry-cow therapy on somatic cell counts (SCC) after calving.METHODS: Cows from a spring-calving, pasture-based dairy farm in the Manawatu-Whanganui region of New Zealand were randomly allocated to receive either a short-acting cloxacillin and ampicillin dry-cow therapy and internal teat sealant (n=291) or a long-acting cloxacillin and ampicillin dry-cow therapy and internal teat sealant (n=288) at the end of lactation. Cows were managed on-farm with routine husbandry procedures through the dry period and following calving. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the association between length of action of dry-cow therapy and the proportion of cows with a SCC >150,000?cells/mL at the first herd test after calving.RESULTS: Age of cow, mean SCC for the preceding season and interval from calving to the first post-calving herd test were all associated with the proportion of cows with an individual SCC >150,000?cells/mL at the first herd test (p<0.001) Treatment with the short-acting dry-cow therapy was not associated with decreased odds of cows having a SCC >150,000?cells/mL at the first herd test compared with treatment with long-acting dry-cow therapy (OR=0.724; 95% CI=0.40–1.30).CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In this herd, which routinely used internal teat sealants, the use of short-acting cloxacillin-based dry-cow therapy did not result in an increased proportion of cows with elevated SSC post-calving. This was a single farm, single year study but indicates that in this herd, changing from a long-acting to a short-acting antimicrobial may have no impact on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis. 相似文献
2.
Two incubators, with open water circulation, adapted to the incubation of small pelagic eggs are discussed in this paper.The efficiency of the two different systems is evaluated by a series of tests made on sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax and sea bream Sparus aurata eggs. The results of these experiments show clear relations between the density of the eggs in the incubators, and the embryos mortality, larval mortality or larval deformity after hatching. 相似文献
3.
V Vescoli L Degiorgi W Henderson G Gruner KP Starkey LK Montgomery 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,281(5380):1181-1184
Optical experiments were conducted on a series of organic linear chain conductors with different values of the interchain single-electron transfer integral tb, which quantifies the degree of anisotropy. Electron-electron interactions together with Umklapp scattering resulted in a correlation gap and an insulating state for small tb. An insulator-to-metal transition was observed when tb exceeded a critical value, on the order of the correlation gap Egap. The absence of a plasma edge on the insulator side of the transition for polarization perpendicular to the chains suggests that the electrons are confined to the chains. The optical features of the metallic state, when contrasted with the magnetic properties, are suggestive of spin-charge separation. 相似文献
4.
Kelly Barrington Neil Ridler Thierry Chopin Shawn Robinson Bryn Robinson 《Aquaculture International》2010,18(2):201-211
A pilot project in the Bay of Fundy, Canada, is growing kelps, mussels, and salmon in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture
(IMTA) system. Biological and economic results are positive, but social acceptability is also a critical component of aquaculture
sustainability. Focus group sessions with several segments of the population (restaurateurs, residents of communities near
aquaculture facilities, and the general population) were held and the participants’ knowledge of, and opinions on, IMTA were
recorded. Most participants felt that IMTA had the potential to reduce the environmental impacts of salmon farming, benefit
community economies, and improve industry competitiveness and sustainability. All felt that seafood produced in IMTA systems
would be safe to eat and 50% of the participants were willing to pay 10% more for these products if labelled as such. The
participants felt that IMTA appears to be an improvement over current monoculture practices and would be cautiously welcomed
in the marketplace. A promotional campaign educating the general public, food distributors, and other industry stakeholders
about the positive benefits of IMTA would go a long way in gaining mainstream acceptance of this aquaculture practice. 相似文献
5.
Neeru Narula Prof. Dr BS Saharan Vivek Kumar Ranjana Bhatia LK Bishnoi BPS Lather 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(1):69-77
High nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilizing, phytohormones producing isolates of Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Acetobacter and Pseudomonas were used as inoculants for cotton. Important cultures were selected on the basis of their effect on root/shoot length and chemotactic behaviour. Selected bioinoculants were earlier tested for their beneficial properties like nitrogen fixation (ARA), ammonia excretion, IAA production etc. These bio-inoculants were further tested for phosphate solubilization property. Various chosen strains were tested with Desi (HD 123) and American (H 1098) cotton under field conditions (as for wheat). Plant height and boll weight were determined at the time of harvesting whereas survival rate of inoculated bacteria was determined after 30, 80 and 130 days respectively. In the year 2000–01, on the basis of boll number and boll weight plant?1 AVK 51 (36; 76.2?g plant?1), HT 57 (27; 56.9?g plant?1), AC18 (33; 61.5?g plant?1), Ala 27 (36; 61.4?g plant?1) and Pseudomonas (34; 71.3?g plant?1) were identified as significant both for American and desi cotton varieties. Highest survival rate was observed with Mac 68 (33.4 × 105) followed by HT54 (31.5 × 105) after 30 days of sowing, which decreased after 80 days and remained constant up to 130 days. This trend was observed with all the cultures. Similar results were observed in 2001–02. 25?kg ha?1 N saving was observed with A. chroococcum (AVK51) bioinoculant for cotton crop. 相似文献
6.
Chopin JB Chopin LK Knott LM de Kretser DM Dowsett KF 《Australian veterinary journal》2002,80(1-2):32-36
An 8-year-old mare, with a foal at foot, was inseminated on foal heat with frozen semen, with the resultant pregnancy lost between days 34 and 41. The right ovary developed a large anovulatory follicle that was non-responsive to multiple doses of ovulating agents. The follicle eventually appeared to luteinise, although plasma progesterone concentrations did not reflect this. Another follicle developed, responded to GnRH and resulted in a pregnancy from frozen semen that went to term with a healthy foal. When the mare was examined after foaling, the structure on the right ovary appeared to be a granulosa cell tumour; the left ovary was smaller than normal and non-functional. Surgical removal of the right ovary before increasing photoperiod resulted in a return to function of the left ovary and a pregnancy to frozen semen on the second cycle following removal. Figures showing concentrations of inhibin, progesterone, androstenedione, oestradiol and testosterone are presented for this entire period. Unusual ovarian activity in the mare might be a prelude to the development of a granulosa cell tumour. 相似文献
7.
G K Reid M Liutkus S M C Robinson T R Chopin T Blair T Lander J Mullen F Page & R D Moccia 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(3):257-273
Knowledge of the quantitative and qualitative properties of salmonid faeces is necessary for aquaculture waste dispersal models, and the design of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems. The amount and proximate composition of salmonid faeces can be estimated using a mass-balance, nutritional approach. Indigestible components of salmonid diets have the potential to affect faecal 'cohesiveness' or 'stability'. Nutrient content and density of faeces can vary depending on diet and submersion time. Faecal density has a greater influence on settling velocity than faecal size. Published settling velocity data on salmonid faeces are highly variable due to differences in fish size, rearing systems, collection time, water density, methodology, the mass fraction tested and diet. Most faecal settling data used in published salmonid waste dispersal models are rudimentary and recent information suggests that such models are highly sensitive to this input. The design of open-water IMTA systems and estimation of nutrient capture and recovery from co-cultured filter feeders is difficult due to limited information on particle size, digestibility, settleable and non-settleable mass fractions of salmonid faeces at cage environments. Implications of faecal properties on the accountability for the effects of aquaculture nutrient loading are discussed. 相似文献
8.
9.
The purpose of this study was to compare the echocardiographic Doppler blood pressure and heart rate effects of 1:1 thiopental/propofol with thiopental and propofol, when used as anesthesia‐induction agents. Seven healthy dogs (six Beagles and one Pembroke Welsh Corgi), ranging in age from 1 to 9 years and weighing 14.2 ± 2.4 kg (mean ± SD), were used during the study. In a cross‐over study design with a minimum drug interval of 3 days, each dog received propofol, thiopental, or a mixture of propofol–thiopental IV until each dog received all the three anesthetic agents. An initial dose (propofol 4.9 ± 0.8 mg kg?1; thiopental 12.9 ± 2.4 mg kg?1; propofol–thiopental 2.3 ± 0.3 mg kg?1 (P)?5.7 ± 0.8 mg kg?1 (T)) of each anesthetic agent was titrated IV until intubation was accomplished. Echocardiographic Doppler blood pressure and heart rate variables were recorded prior to anesthesia and at 1, 5, and 10 minutes after induction of anesthesia. anova and the Bonferroni's t‐test were used to evaluate the groups for differences. Alpha was <0.05. There was no significant effect of treatment on systolic or diastolic ventricular wall thickness, septal thickness, left atrial diameter, or systolic left ventricular diameter. There was a tendency for diastolic left ventricular diameter to decrease over time. There was a tendency for heart rate to increase with a significant difference at the 10‐minute time period between propofol (109 ± 26 beats minute?1) and thiopental (129 ± 23 beats minute?1). At the 10‐minute recording period, heart rate following the propofol/thiopental mixture (110 ± 34 beats minute?1) was closer to that following propofol than to that following thiopental. With all induction agents, indirect blood pressure tended to decrease over time (p = 0.005); however, there was no difference between the groups. The changes observed were not considered to be of clinical significance. The propofol/thiopental mixture produces similar changes in echocardiographic variables when compared to propofol or thiopental, and could be substituted for propofol for induction of anesthesia in dogs. 相似文献
10.