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排序方式: 共有137条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Hideki Takahashi Ayano Shimizu Tsutomu Arie Syofi Rosmalawati Sumire Fukushima Mari Kikuchi Yasufumi Hikichi Ayami Kanda Akiko Takahashi Akinori Kiba Kohei Ohnishi Yuki Ichinose Fumiko Taguchi Chihiro Yasuda Motoichiro Kodama Mayumi Egusa Chikara Masuta Hiroyuki Sawada Daisuke Shibata Koichi Hori Yuichiro Watanabe 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(1):8-22
Lycopersicon esculentum cultivar Micro-Tom is a miniature tomato with many advantages for studies of the molecular biology and physiology of plants. To evaluate the suitability of Micro-Tom as a host plant for the study of pathogenesis, Micro-Tom plants were inoculated with 16 well-known fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens of tomato. Athelia rolfsii, Botryotinia fuckeliana, Oidium sp., Phytophthora infestans, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum caused typical symptoms and sporulated abundantly on Micro-Tom. Micro-Tom was resistant to Alternaria alternata, Corynespora cassiicola, and Fusarium oxysporum. When Micro-Tom was inoculated with 17 isolates of Ralstonia solanacearum, many isolates induced wilt symptoms. Agrobacterium tumefaciens also was pathogenic, causing crown galls on stem tissue after needle prick inoculation. In Micro-Tom sprayed with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, P. s. pv. tabaci, or P. s. pv. glycinea, bacterial populations did not increase, and yellow lesions appeared only on leaves sprayed with P. s. pv. tomato. Tomato mosaic virus, Tomato aspermy virus, and Cucumber mosaic virus systemically infected Micro-Tom, which developed symptoms characteristic of other cultivars of tomato after infection with the respective virus. These results indicated that Micro-Tom was generally susceptible to most of the important tomato pathogens and developed typical symptoms, whereas certain pathogens were restricted by either hypersensitive resistance or nonhost resistance on Micro-Tom. Therefore, an assortment of Micro-Tom–pathogen systems should provide excellent models for studying the mechanism of susceptible and resistant interactions between plants and pathogens. 相似文献
2.
Minimal Set of Metabolic Pathways Suggested from the Genome of Onion Yellows Phytoplasma 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
3.
Eiji Tanaka Chihiro Tanaka Atsushi Ishihara Yasumasa Kuwahara Mitsuya Tsuda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(1):1-6
Aciculosporium take (Ascomycota; Clavicipitaceae) is a causal agent of witches' broom of
bamboo plants. The symptoms of this disease are believed to be induced by plant
hormones, particularly auxins. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was identified in
cultures of this fungus in an l-tryptophan-supplemented liquid medium.
IAA production was confirmed on 30 isolates of A. take from various
hosts and locations at levels up to 1 mg/l. The biosynthetic pathway of
IAA in A. take culture was examined by analyzing intermediate products
and by feeding experiments. The results showed that the indole-3-pyruvic acid
pathway (l-tryptophan → indole-3-pyruvic acid → indole
acetaldehyde → IAA) was the dominant pathway in A. take.
Received: June 3, 2002 / Accepted: July 25, 2002 相似文献
4.
Allele frequencies of the extension locus encoding the melanocortin-1 receptor in Japanese and Korean cattle 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Shinji SASAZAKI Munehiro USUI Hideyuki MANNEN Chihiro HIURA Soichi TSUJI 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(2):129-132
In order to estimate the influence of the Extension (E) locus in cattle coat color, the melanocortin‐1 receptor (MC1R) gene in Japanese Black, Japanese Brown and Korean (Hanwoo) cattle were sequenced. The sequences of the coding region revealed three alleles (ED, E+ and e), which were previously reported. Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed to investigate the gene frequencies of the three breeds. Japanese Black was almost composed of ED and E+ individuals, ED = 0.481 and E+ = 0.514, and no homozygous e/e, therefore that is consistent with the hypothesis that ED and E+ induce black pigment synthesis. Allele frequencies between Japanese Brown and Hanwoo were obviously different; however, recessive red e allele frequency was 0.038 for Japanese Brown and 0.948 for Hanwoo, even though both breeds have quite similar coat colors (ranging from yellowish brown to dark brown including a red coat color). This result suggested that other genes are also associated with a coat color of red and brown in cattle. 相似文献
5.
Shotaro NISHIMURA Hitomi SHIMODA Ichiro OSHIMA Yoshitaka ONO Kaoru OKANO Akira ISHIBASHI Shoji TABATA Hisao IWAMOTO 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(6):575-579
Alpha‐melanocyte stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) is one of the main regulators for melanocytes, and the adenohypophysis is one of the major tissues for the synthesis of this hormone. The Silky fowl is a characteristic breed of chicken with hyperpigmentation throughout the body. The involvement of the adenohypophysis in the hyperpigmentation of this breed is not known. In the present study, the proportion of melanocyte stimulating hormone‐immunopositive cells (MSH cells) in the adenohypophysis was immunocytochemically compared between Silky, Red Cornish × New Hampshire (RN) crossbred and Japanese bantam cockerels at 15 weeks of age. After the body and gland were weighed, the adenohypophyseal cells were enzymatically dispersed and immunostained for α‐MSH, and the immunopositive MSH cells were counted. The weights of the body and adenohypophysis were heaviest in the RN crossbred, followed by the Silky and lightest in the bantam cockerels. In contrast, the ratio between adenohypophysis and bodyweight was much larger in the Silky and the bantam than in the RN crossbreed (P < 0.05). The population of MSH cells in the adenohypophysis was larger in the Silky (14.3%) than in the RN crossbreed (8.0%) and the bantam (8.1%) cockerels (P < 0.05). From these results, it was concluded that prepubertal Silky cockerel have numerous MSH cells in the adenohypophysis suggesting a relationship to hyperpigmentation. 相似文献
6.
7.
To investigate the effects of processing Chinese quince fruit on the denaturation of phenolics and their food functions, fruit phenolic extracts were heated together with organic acid for up to 12 h. Chinese quince phenolic (mostly procyanidins) solution subjected to heat treatment changed from almost colorless, pale yellow, to a reddish color. Before heat treatment, the absorption spectra of polymeric procyanidins were observed only around 280 nm; after heat treatment, absorption occurred between 400 and 600 nm, which is related to the reddish color appearance. Thioacidolysis of denatured reddish phenolics showed that (-)-epicatechin subunits decreased during heat treatment and, in contrast, cyanidin increased. In addition, novel substances that could not be degraded by thioacidolysis were formed. Meanwhile, antioxidant activities, assessed by linoleic acid peroxidation, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Folin-Ciocalteu, and FRAP methods, increased during heat treatment. The antiinfluenza viral activity of denatured reddish phenolics was inferior to that of intact fruit phenolics; however, they retained moderate activity. These results indicate that red coloration of fruit products of Chinese quince was mainly due to the spectral (i.e. structural) changes of procyanidins accompanied with formation of cyanidin. Increasing the length of heat treatment increased the antioxidant capacity of phenolics, and the resultant reddish phenolics retained moderate antiinfluenza viral activity. 相似文献
8.
Mammalian oocytes secrete transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) superfamily proteins, such as growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9), bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) and BMP15, and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). These oocyte‐derived paracrine factors (ODPFs) play essential roles in regulating the differentiation and function of somatic granulosa cells as well as the development of ovarian follicles. In addition to the importance of individual ODPFs, emerging evidence suggests that the interaction of ODPF signals with other intra‐follicular signals, such as estrogen, is critical for folliculogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of the role of ODPFs in follicular development with an emphasis on their interaction with estrogen signaling in regulation of the differentiation and function of granulosa cells. 相似文献
9.
10.
Chihiro Kayo Seiji Hashimoto Atsunori Numata Masanori Hamada 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(3):234-240
We compared the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from a log pile (LP) to those from a sand compaction pile (SCP) and from cement
deep mixing (CDM) as measures against soil liquefaction, assuming that forest and waste management scenarios influence the
GHG (CO2, CH4, and N2O) balance of wood. We found little difference between the LP and SCP methods with respect to GHG emissions from fossil fuel
and limestone consumption. However, GHG emissions from the CDM method were seven times higher than emissions from the LP method.
In the GHG balance of wood, when the percentage of CH4 emissions from carbon in underground wood was lower than 3.3%, permanent storage in the log achieved greater reductions in
GHG emissions than using the waste log as fuel in place of coal or heavy oil. In order to obtain reductions in GHG emissions
by replacing SCPs or CDM with LPs, sustainable forest management with reforestation and prevention of CH4 emissions from the underground log are essential. Using reforestation, permanent storage of the log, no CH4 emission from the log, and using logging residues instead of coal, the LP can achieve reductions in GHG emissions of 121
tonnes of CO2 per 100 m2 of improvement area by replacing CDM. 相似文献