大豆室内耐冷筛选及其在田间的应用研究

本试验把生长箱大豆耐低温萌发筛选与田间早春播研究相结合,验证耐低温发芽的可靠性。在实验室,萌发期表现抗冷的大豆,田间出昔期仍表现抗冷或较抗冷。实验表明,大豆出苗的生物学最低温度平均为7.1℃,所需有效积温136℃。地温的高低直接影响大豆早春出苗的多寡,两者呈密切的正相关。黄、青、黑豆中,以黑豆抵抗早春不良气候条件的能力最强。     

墨绿色苦瓜新品种翠玉的选育

翠玉是以自交系0123为母本,0219为父本配制成的苦瓜一代杂种.中早熟,果实长棒形,纵径30～35 cm,横径10～13 cm,瓜肉厚1.0～1.5 cm,单瓜质量500～700g,产量2 500～3000kg·(667 m2)-1,皮墨绿色,大刺瘤,对白粉病和枯萎病的抗性强于对照翠妃,适宜南方春秋种植.     

JEV、PPV、PRRSV、PRV多联PCR的应用研究

用 JEV、PRRSV二联 PCR,PPV、PRV二联 PCR以及这 4种病毒 4联 PCR对来自内蒙、广州、广西、天津、北京、吉林病料进行检测 ,共检了 1 4 6份病料。其中 PRRSV阳性 7份 ,PPV阳性 1 2份 ,PRV阳性 2 1份 ,PRV和 PPV混合感染 4份。并对 5份人工接种 JEV小鼠病料检测 ,其中 4份为阳性。随后对部分阳性 PCR扩增产物进行点杂交和核苷酸测序鉴定 ,证实了 PCR扩增准确性。对内蒙 PRRSV阳性扩增带测序结果显示 ,我国流行 PRRSV为美洲型 ,在扩增片段的核苷酸序列上有 3个碱基差异     

谈新国家标准《机械制图》中一些概念的科学性

国家标准机械制图中的概念应体现其科学性,即能反映客观实际和反映其不质属性。本文就新国标中的几个概念,阐明只有建立在科学基础上的术语、概念才能被各方面所接受,才有统一的实践基础。     

牛头天社蛾初步观察

根据六六六泥团塞根有治螟效果的报导[黄山等,1956],为改进施药方法,我所于1957年进行土壤施药的盆栽药效測定,效果良好;1958年,田間防治試驗因处理时間太早(4月28日施药),效果不显;1960及1961年又进行田間試驗,因当年螟害輕微,防治效果也不够显著。据文献报导,六六六土壤施药,每亩用丙体六六六180克(折合数),对第一代二化螟防治效果良好,残效期达20—30天,并指出药剂系通过稻根内吸和沿叶鞘間上升的作用,杀死蛀入的蚁螟。昆明地区一般早栽田,栽秧后15—25天,正是螟卵盛孵期。1963年在昆明市郊区早栽田内,进行六六六土壤施药試驗,观察防治第一代三化螟的效果。試驗方法     

Decay of female sexual behavior under parthenogenesis

A laboratory strain of Drosophila mercatorum has existed for 20 years without males and therefore without natural selection operating to maintain the genetic basis of female mating behavior. The females of this strain have recently experienced a genetic impairment of mating capacity. This observation exemplifies the mode of evolution of vestigial characters and supports Muller's theory that random mutation will tend to destroy the genetic basis of a character from which selection has been removed.     

淡紫拟青霉菌料防治大豆胞囊线虫的后效研究

淡紫拟青霉不同菌株的培养菌料，施２２５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，对大豆胞囊线虫不但当年有４５％～６９％的较好防效，而且第２年和第３年仍然有２２．５％～３７．７％和７．３％～２２．９％的后效，即空胞囊和被寄生的胞囊数量增加。     

Effect of gut stress induced by oxidized wheat gluten on the growth performance,gut morphology and oxidative states of broilers

This study was to investigate the effect of oxidized wheat gluten (OG) on growth performance, gut morphology and its oxidative states of broilers. One hundred and eighty‐day‐old male broilers (10 chicks/pen) were randomly allocated into three dietary treatments: control diet (CON), diet with 8% wheat gluten (WG) and diet with 8% OG with six pens/treatment. Body weight (BW) (21 and 35 days) and average daily gain (ADG) (1–21 days and 22–35 days) decreased (p < .05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1–21 days and 22–35 days) increased (p < .05) in OG treatment. Feed intake (FI) decreased (p < .05) in WG and OG treatments during 22–35 days. However, FI was not influenced by dietary treatments during 1–21 days (p > .05). The OG‐fed broilers had a lower faecal pH value (p < .05) and higher faecal moisture content (p < 05) at 14, 21, 28 and 35 days. Villus height, crypt depth and V/C value were not different (p > .05) among treatments at 21 and 35 days. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) (21 and 35 days) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (35 days) content in crop of OG treatment increased (p < .05). Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (21 days), LPO (21 and 35 days) and MDA (21 and 35 days) content in ileum of OG treatment increased (p < .05). The reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) (21 days) and (GSH) (35 days) in ileum of OG treatment decreased (p < .05). The present findings indicate that OG might be a stressor for broiler gut, which could induce oxidative stress both in crop and in ileum, and the diarrhoea as well. The growth performance of broiler was consequently depressed.     

四种菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜流动性的影响

为明确菊酯类杀虫剂对昆虫线粒体膜流动性的影响,以1,6-二苯基-1,3,5-己三烯（1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene,DPH）为荧光探剂,采用荧光偏振法研究了4种菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫Aphis sp.线粒体膜流动性的影响。结果表明,4种菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜流动性均有显著影响,其荧光偏振度显著增大,线粒体膜流动性显著减小。当药剂浓度为100 μmol/L时,对照组枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜的荧光偏振度为0.239,高效氯氰菊酯的影响最大,线粒体膜的荧光偏振度为0.315,联苯菊酯的影响最小,线粒体膜的荧光偏振度为0.287。4种菊酯类杀虫剂对线粒体膜流动性的影响都存在一定的浓度效应,当药剂浓度在0~100 μmol/L范围内,浓度越大影响越大。4种菊酯类杀虫剂在不同温度下对枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜流动性的影响不同,高效氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯和甲氰菊酯对线粒体膜流动性的影响基本不受温度影响,而氯菊酯在高温条件下产生的影响大,在低温条件下产生的影响小,表现为明显的正温度系数。表明DPH可以作为荧光探剂研究枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜的流动性。