Six dogs with laryngeal paralysis had clinical, electrophysiologic, and pathologic evidence of a more generalized polyneuropathy. Three of the dogs were young Dalmatians, one was a young Bouvier des Flandres, and two were older, large-breed dogs. The results of this study suggest that laryngeal paralysis in dogs may frequently be one clinical sign of an underlying, more generalized polyneuropathy. Two forms of this generalized polyneuropathy may exist: an early form, as seen in young dogs with congenital or hereditary disease, and a delayed-onset form that is usually found in older dogs with so-called idiopathic laryngeal paralysis, some of which may have hypothyroidism. 相似文献
Through the use of a critical electrolyte concentration staining technique, the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the nucleus pulposus region of the canine intervertebral disc were arbitrarily identified as "hyaluronic acid", chondroitin sulphate and keratan sulphate. Approximate estimates of GAG concentration could be qualitatively deduced by determining the appropriate GAG "ALCIANOPHILIC INDEX". This index was considered to be an effective qualitative adjunct to chemical quantitation of GAGs in the intervertebral disc. 相似文献
AIM: To assess the benefit of inducing emesis in dogs that have ingested rodenticide bait containing brodifacoum (BDF), by determining the amount of BDF in bait recovered from the vomitus relative to the estimated amount consumed.
METHODS: Between 2014 and 2015 samples of vomitus from seven dogs that ingested rodenticide baits containing BDF were submitted by veterinarians in New Zealand. All seven dogs had been given apomorphine by the veterinarian and vomited within 1 hour of ingesting the bait. Some or all of the bait particles were retrieved from each sample and were analysed for concentrations of BDF using HPLC. Based on estimations of the mass of bait consumed, the concentration of BDF stated on the product label, and the estimated mass of bait in the vomitus of each dog, the amount of BDF in the vomited bait was calculated as a percentage of the amount ingested.
RESULTS: For five dogs an estimation of the mass of bait ingested was provided by the submitting veterinarian. For these dogs the estimated percentage of BDF in the bait retrieved from the vomitus was between 10–77%. All dogs were well after discharge but only one dog returned for further testing. This dog had a normal prothrombin time 3 days after ingestion.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The induction of emesis within 1 hour of ingestion can be a useful tool in reducing the exposure of dogs to a toxic dose of BDF. The BDF was not fully absorbed within 1 hour of ingestion suggesting that the early induction of emesis can remove bait containing BDF before it can be fully absorbed. 相似文献
A condition colloquially referred to as "limber tail" and "cold tail" is familiar to people working with hunting dogs, primarily Pointers and Labrador Retrievers. The typical case consists of an adult dog that suddenly develops a flaccid tail. The tail either hangs down from the tail base or is held out horizontally for several inches from the tail base and then hangs straight down or at some degree below horizontal. Initially, the hair on the dorsal aspect of the proximal tail may be raised and dogs may resent palpation of the area 3-4 inches (8-10 cm) from the tail base. Most dogs recover spontaneously within a few days to weeks. Anecdotal reports suggest that anti-inflammatory drugs administered within 24 hours after onset hasten recovery. Less than one half of affected dogs experience a recurrence. Affected Pointers almost always have a history of prolonged cage transport, a hard workout the previous day, or exposure to cold or wet weather Most owners and trainers familiar with the condition do not seek veterinary assistance. In cases where people are not familiar with this disease, other conditions such as a fracture, spinal cord disease, impacted anal glands, or prostatic disease have been incorrectly diagnosed. We examined 4 affected Pointers and found evidence of coccygeal muscle damage, which included mild elevation of creatine kinase early after onset of clinical signs, needle electromyographic examination showing abnormal spontaneous discharges restricted to the coccygeal muscles several days after onset, and histopathologic evidence of muscle fiber damage. Specific muscle groups, namely the laterally positioned intertransversarius ventralis caudalis muscles, were affected most severely. Abnormal findings on thermography and scintigraphy further supported the diagnosis. 相似文献
Skeletal muscle and peripheral nerve were obtained over several years from 12 Labrador retrievers with signs of hereditary myopathy. Biopsy and necropsy samples were examined by histology and histochemistry. Despite normal findings in peripheral nerves, a wide range of morphologic changes were observed in muscle including features generally considered characteristic of neurogenic disease. These included small and large muscle fiber group atrophy, presence of small angular fibers, and occasional fiber type grouping. Other prominent changes in muscle were increased numbers of internal nuclei, architectural disturbances, type II fiber deficiency, necrosis, regeneration, and fibrosis--all of which are more usually associated with destructive myopathies or muscular dystrophies. The pathology of this condition, therefore, includes features of both neurogenic and myopathic disease, while the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. 相似文献
Ultrasonography was performed on sciatic, tibial and/or peroneal nerves and interosseous muscles in 7 dogs using a ultrasound machine with a 7.5 MHz linear array transducer. A tibial nerve was transected near the distal aspect of the bellies of the gastroenemius muscle. Serial neurologic examinations, electromyography, and ultrasonography were performed before and after surgery. Dogs were euthanized at variable intervals and histopathology performed on nerve samples. In sagittal images, normal nerves had hyperechoic walls with multiple internal linear echoes. In transverse images, the nerves were round or oval hyperechoic structures with internal punctate echoes. After transection, the proximal stump was consistently seen whereas the distal stump and nerve were harder to identify. Neuromas were present in all 5 dogs followed beyond 2 days and appeared as hypoechoic bulbous swellings most apparent at 3 weeks after surgery. Only 1 dog developed a neuroma large enough to be considered of potential clinical significance. Four dogs were followed beyond 2 months. Regeneration was evidenced by a steady growth of nerve with an irregular outline (2 dogs) or by a knobby connection between the proximal and distal stumps (1 dog). Regeneration was not detected in 1 dog. 相似文献