Diabetes mellitus (DM) was diagnosed in a 6-year-old neutered male ferret with polyuria/polydipsia, symmetrical alopecia, and weight loss. Laboratory tests revealed severe hyperglycemia, glucosuria, and increased steroid hormone profile. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a bilateral enlargement of the adrenal glands. Significant clinical improvement was achieved with insulin- and leuprolide acetate-based therapy. After 2 months of therapy, the ferret showed a severe ketoacidosis, and the owner decided to euthanize the animal. Histological findings revealed carcinoma of the left adrenal cortex and cortical hyperplasia of the right adrenal gland. Moderate, chronic, and active pancreatitis with a marked decrease in the number of β-cells was also present. This is the first reported case of type 1 DM associated with hyperadrenocorticism and chronic pancreatitis in a ferret.
相似文献Hypothesis: Ketonemia measurement using a portable meter is more accurate than ketonuria determination with a dipstick to diagnose canine DKA.
Animals: Seventy-two client-owned diabetic dogs with ketonemia, ketonuria, or both.
Methods: Prospective observational study. Based on blood bicarbonate concentration and anion gap, dogs were divided into 2 groups: patients with DKA ( n = 25); patients with diabetic ketosis ( n = 47). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratio (LR) at different cut-off points were determined for both ketonemia and ketonuria. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the accuracy of each diagnostic test to diagnose DKA.
Results: With regard to ketonemia, cut-off values of 2.3 and 4.3 mmol/L revealed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, respectively, whereas cut-off values of 2.8 and 3.5 mmol/L showed a −LR of 0.05 and a + LR of 13.16, respectively. With regard to ketonuria, a cut-off value of 1+ revealed 92% sensitivity, 40% specificity, and −LR of 0.20, whereas a cut-off value of 3+ revealed 44% sensitivity, 94% specificity, and +LR of 6.89. The areas under the ROC curves for the ketonemia and ketonuria tests were significantly different (0.97 and 0.81, respectively, P = .003).
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Measurement of ketonemia is accurate and more effective than measurement of ketonuria to diagnose canine DKA. 相似文献