聚焦沙地定位观测 助力京津风沙源治理

<正>内蒙古多伦浑善达克沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站（以下简称“多伦站”）地处浑善达克沙地东南缘,位于内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟多伦县县城南约4.6公里处。多伦站于2011年批复建立,2014年正式挂牌运行,并于当年加入国家陆地生态系统定位观测研究网络（CTERN）和荒草联盟。归口管理单位为内蒙古自治区林业和草原局,技术依托单位和建设单位为内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院。     

风沙区不同种植制度下的土壤风蚀效果研究

为探究不同种植制度对风沙区喷灌圈耕地土壤风蚀效果的影响,以马铃薯-冬闲-玉米轮作(PT)、玉米-冬闲-玉米连作(SF)、马铃薯-燕麦-玉米轮作(WF)三种种植制度的喷灌圈耕地为研究对象,并以周边固定沙地(CK)为对照,春耕前采集表层0～5 cm土壤,用筛分法测定土壤的机械组成,分析土壤粒度参数及颗粒分形维数.结果 表明...     

中西医结合治疗种公牛尿血症

德国黄牛是我所承担国家"948"项目从加拿大引入的优良肉乳兼用品种,用来培育南阳牛肉用新品系,已取得阶段性成果.现有一头极优秀的种公牛尿血,采用中西医结合疗法取得满意效果,报告如下.     

胎儿姿势异常所致难产的人工助产

通常散养黄牛分娩为正生顺产,难产比较少见,倒生所致难产就更难遇到,现将一例胎儿倒生难产病例介绍给同行. 2003年11月26日上午,南阳牛育种中心90号经产母牛胎囊已破,两个小时后仍不断弓腰、翘尾、哞叫,迟迟不见胎儿头蹄露出阴门.该牛站立保定,温水清洗外阴.接生员清洗消毒手臂,产道检查摸到一蹄底向上已伸直的腿,继续向前探诊,摸到一屈曲的腿和尾巴,诊断为胎儿倒生跗部前置,胎向、胎位正常.     

大豆间玉米—晚稻复种制的农田气候效应

<正> 根据本省长沙、衡阳等五地1981-1983年田间试验,大豆玉米间作具有改善复合群体本身田间微气象条件及改善后茬作物-晚稻气候生态条件的功能,主要为:1.提高复合群体的光截取量和减少光反射当间作玉米密度为每亩2000株时,大豆植株2/3处的截光率比单作大豆平均提高3.2～9.8％,复合群体顶部光反射率减少0.9％。2.增高昼温,降低夜温,增大温差和增高湿度大豆花、荚期(5月下旬～6月下旬),间作田大豆植株2/3处昼温比同期大气温高0.1～4.4℃,而单作大豆同一高度处     

活化风蚀坑沙障固沙技术及植被恢复

风蚀坑活化形成的流动沙地直接危害草场,使土地逐渐丧失生产力。结合风蚀坑内风速变化特征,采取风蚀坑及边坡、风蚀坑积沙区沙障固沙技术,恢复风蚀坑植被。结果表明:风蚀坑及边坡设置黄柳沙障3 a,植被覆盖率达到27.0%,植物种为7种;PE纱网沙障植被覆盖率为31.0%,植物种为11种;PLA沙障植被覆盖率达到15.6%,植物种为4种;黄柳+PE复合沙障植被覆盖率达到75.3%,植物种为6种,而对照植被覆盖率为1.6%,植物种2种。在风蚀坑积沙区,设置沙障3 a后,PE纱网沙障植物种达到10种,黄柳+PE沙障为8种,PLA沙障为4种,黄柳沙障6种,而对照为1种;植被覆盖率分别达到50.3%、50.7%、22.7%、40.0%,而对照为4.0%。采取网格或带状PE沙障,带状黄柳+带状PE沙障对风蚀坑植被恢复具有良好效果。     

牛瘤胃胀气的防治

瘤胃胀气通常称为气胀,主要是牛羊(反刍动物)采食了大量易发酵的牧草、饲料,在瘤胃细菌的作用下过度发酵,产生大量的气体,导致瘤胃膨胀,随后呈现反刍和嗳气障碍,或者是采食了块根类食物,如马铃薯、原根萝卜等,造成食管阻塞而引起。1发病情况今年4月,我乡发生3列牛瘤胃胀气,一列是饲喂马铃薯造成食管阻塞,另两列是采食带有水分的晾干的光叶紫花苕引起的。患畜达到乡兽医站时已是病情非常严重,经食道疏通、瘤胃穿刺后,再灌注适当的药物,病情得到控制,治疗效果非常明显。     

Influence of feeding intensity on corporeal development, body composition and sexual maturity in female rabbits

Twenty-six 6-week old female New Zealand White rabbits were divided into two groups: ad libitum (AL) and 70% restricted (RS) feeding. At the beginning of the experiment the liveweights were practically the same: 0.99 +/- 0.08 vs. 1.01 +/- 0.08 kg in group AL and RS, respectively. At 18 weeks of age the body weight of Group RS rabbits was 84.7% (3.14 +/- 0.24 kg) of the group AL (3.71 +/- 0.31 kg). The apparent digestibility of crude protein was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in Group RS than in Group AL (76.5 +/- 1.4 vs. 73.0 +/- 2.7%). The daily water consumption was significantly (p < 0.05) higher (3.5 ml/g DM intake) in Group RS as compared to Group AL (1.9 ml/g DM). Since the average body weight in Group RS at 18 weeks was the same as that of Group AL at 14 weeks of age (3.14 kg), the comparison of the live body measures and indices was based on these ages. Animals fed ad libitum or restricted show no differences at the defined age in most live body measurements except in heart girth and rump width, which were significantly (p < 0.05) shorter in Group AL than in Group RS (29.3 +/- 0.8, 5.7 +/- 0.5 and 30.7 +/- 1.0, 6.2 +/- 0.3 cm, respectively). Body capacity was significantly (p < 0.05) smaller in Group AL, as the head capacity-body capacity proportion was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in Group AL than in Group RS (1653.1 +/- 134.5, 22.0 +/- 2.5 and 1913.7 +/- 168.7, 17.7 +/- 1.9, respectively). Due to restricted feeding the growth of the head proved to be less intensive than that of the body at the same body weight. The body in these does tended to be wider. Since the head in comparison to length or capacity of the body was smaller in does fed 70% of ad libitum, it could be concluded that the development of body parts of restricted-fed does was unequal (allometric growth). The effect of feed restriction reflected in lower dry matter and fat, and a higher ash and protein content both in total body and in dry matter composition of rabbits at 18 weeks of age. Restricted feeding delayed sexual maturity (69 vs. 92% of rabbits) with later starting ovarian activity, weaker ovarian responsiveness, and a smaller number of tertiary follicles on the ovarian surface.