酵母源添加剂在兔生产中的应用研究进展

酵母源饲料添加剂可以通过改善肠道健康、增强机体免疫力及抗氧化能力而提高动物生产性能,应用在动物养殖中能够起到积极作用,具有较好的应用前景。文章综述了酵母菌及酵母培养物的生理特性和在家兔生产中的应用进展,为酵母菌的进一步开发应用提供依据。     

泌乳期母兔乳中微生物多样性变化规律研究

本试验旨在探究泌乳期母兔乳中微生物群落组成与多样性变化。选用3胎次妊娠母兔12只,分别于泌乳第0天（分娩后0.5 h内,L0）、第3天（L3）、第7天（L7）、第21天（L21）、第35天（L35）,取母兔新鲜乳汁进行16S rDNA测序和生物学信息分析。结果显示：1) alpha多样性方面,Chao1和Observed＿species指数表现为L0、L21极显著高于L7(P<0.01),L3显著高于L7(P<0.05);Shannon指数表现为L0显著高于L7(P<0.05),L21极显著高于L3、L7(P<0.01);Simpson指数表现为L21显著高于L7(P<0.05)。2)beta多样性方面,L0、L21、L35的微生物组成相似。3）在门水平上,L7的厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）相对丰度极显著低于L0、L35(P<0.01),显著低于L21(P <0.05);L7的拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）相对丰度极显著低于L3、L21(P<0.01),显著低于L0(P<0.05);L7的变形菌门（Proteobacte...     

酶解豆粕的生物学功能及其在獭兔养殖业的应用前景

酶解豆粕(ESBM)作为一种新型功能性饲料添加剂,可以有效减少豆粕中的抗营养因子,同时产生生物活性小肽,提高机体的抗氧化能力和免疫力,还可以促进动物消化吸收,提高动物的生产性能.如果适量添加ESBM替代獭兔日粮中的部分豆粕,有助于提高獭兔的生长性能、营养物质消化率、抗氧化能力和免疫力以及改善肠道微生态环境等.文章综述了...     

瓦斯继电器故障的分析及处理

1故障的发现某水电站在落实一年一度的＂三冬＂（冬试、冬训、冬修）工作中,对发电厂主电气设备进行预防性试验时,对该站额定容量为8000kVA主变压器瓦斯保护装置动作可靠性做例行检查。检修人员在主变QJ-80型气体继电器上,从气塞处打进空气,让信号接点接通轻瓦斯信号回路,     

浅谈发电机主轴径向窜动故障的处理

某电站水轮发电机组为卧式水斗发电机.在运行过程中,前导轴承的轴瓦因受浇铸工艺和环境温度的影响,其表面的巴氏合金有轻微松块和灼伤现象.检修人员对前导轴承的轴瓦进行更换,并做了相应的技术处理,机组投入运行基本正常,但是发电机组主轴有规律地来回径向窜动,并伴有轻微撞击前轴承座靠发电机侧端盖现象.     

酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物对獭兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、免疫力及抗氧化能力的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物对獭兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、免疫力及抗氧化能力的影响。选取160只体重相近的健康35日龄獭兔,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复5只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.01%、0.02%和0.04%酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物的试验饲粮,预试期7 d,正试期56 d。结果显示：1）与对照组相比,饲粮中添加不同水平的酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物均显著提高了獭兔的平均日增重（P<0.05）,并有提高终末体重和降低料重比的趋势（0.05≤P<0.10）,腹泻频率降低（P>0.05）。2）与对照组相比,0.01%和0.02%添加组的钙（Ca）表观消化率显著提高（P<0.05）,0.04%添加组的干物质（DM）、总能（GE）、粗蛋白质（CP）和钙（Ca）表观消化率显著提高（P<0.05）。3）肠道消化酶活性及免疫器官指数各组间均无显著差异（P>0.05）。4）与对照组相比,各添加组的血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）和白细胞介素-4（IL-4）含量均显著提高（P&...     

Effects of Dietary Supplemented with Combined Yeast⁃Bacillus coagulans Fermentation Culture on Intestinal Morphology,Intestinal Permeability,Cecal Fermentation and Microflora of Rex Rabbits北大核心CSCD

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplemented with combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation culture on intestinal morphology, intestinal permeability, cecal fer⁃ mentation and microflora of Rex rabbits. A total of 160 healthy Rex rabbits weaned at 35⁃day⁃old with similar body weight were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 5 rabbits per replicate. Rex rabbits in the control group were fed a basal diet, while the others in experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0.01%, 0.02% and 0.04% combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation cul⁃ ture based on the basal diet, respectively. The pretrial period lasted for 7 days and formal period lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the crypt depth of jejunum in the 0.02% and 0.04% added groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), the jejunum villus height / crypt depth ratio in the 0.02% added group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0. 05), and the ileum villus height in the 0.04% added group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05) . 2) The ac⁃ tivity of diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum of 0.01% and 0.02% added groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the content of D⁃lactic acid (D⁃LA) in serum among all groups (P>0.05). 3) There were no significant differences in the pH of jejunum, ileum and cecum among all groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid and the ratios of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in cecum among all groups (P>0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, the Simpson index of 0.02% and 0.04% added groups showed an increasing trend (0.05≤P<0.10). At the phylum level, the rela⁃ tive abundance of Verrucomicrobia showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing with the combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation culture increasing (0.05≤P<0.10); the relative abundance of Te⁃ nericutes in the 0.02% added group was significantly higher than that in the 0.01% and 0.04% added groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the added groups and the control group (P>0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG⁃014, Akkermansia, dgA⁃11_gut_group, Paramuribaculum and Subdoligranulum showed a trend of change with the combined yeast and Bacillus coagu⁃ lans fermentation culture increasing (0.05≤P<0.10). In summary, dietary supplemented with combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation culture can improve the intestinal morphology and reduce intestinal perme⁃ ability, but has no significant effects on the pH of jejunum, ileum and cecum and cecum fermentation, and can improve the microbial diversity of cecum of Rex rabbits. The recommended addition level is 0.02% to 0.04% based on the previous results of growth performance. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Clinical Research. All rights reserved.     

香芹酚对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、肠道消化酶活性、免疫器官发育及抗氧化能力的影响

本试验旨在研究香芹酚对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、肠道消化酶活性、免疫器官发育及抗氧化能力的影响。选取120只35日龄体重相近的健康新西兰肉兔,随机分为4组,每组30个重复,每个重复1只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组（T1、T2、T3组）分别在基础饲粮中添加150、300和450 g/t香芹酚。预试期7 d,生长试验28 d,消化代谢试验7 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比,T2组的平均日采食量显著降低（P<0.05）,T1、T2和T3组的料重比有降低趋势（P=0.056）,T1、T2和T3组的腹泻率均降低了3.34%(P>0.05)。2）各组之间的干物质（DM）、粗蛋白质（CP）、总能（GE）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）表观消化率均无显著差异（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,T1、T2和T3组的粗脂肪（EE）表观消化率显著提高（P<0.05）,T2组的粗纤维（CF）表观消化率显著提高（P<0.05）。3）与对照组相比,T2和T3组的回肠胰蛋白酶活性显著提高（P<0.05）,T1、T2和T3组的盲肠胰蛋白酶活性显著提高（P<0.05）,T1的盲肠脂肪酶...