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1.
Yamazaki T Kobayakawa S Yamagata K Abe K Baba T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(5):1035-1041
To elucidate the molecular dynamics of HP1beta in mouse preimplantation embryos, we examined the localization, dynamics, and mobility of HP1beta in the (pro)nucleus by live cell imaging. Time-lapse observation revealed that the chromatin association of HP1beta is regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. HP1beta was localized in the interphase nucleus and was dynamically dissociated from the nucleus during the metaphase stage. The HP1beta assembly and clustered heterochromatin structure were both found in the nuclei of 2-cell and later-stage embryos. Moreover, fluorescent recovery after photobleaching analysis implied that HP1beta is more freely mobile in the pronucleus of the 1-cell embryo than in the 4-cell nucleus. These results suggest that the chromatin configuration may be regulated by the stability and mobility of chromatin-associated proteins including HP1beta during early embryonic stages. 相似文献
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Identification of two new genes conferring resistance to rice blast in the Chinese native cultivar 'Maowangu' 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The Chinese native rice cultivar ‘Maowangu’ expresses a high level of resistance to many races of rice blast (Pyricularia grisea) collected from North China and Japan. ‘Maowangu’ was crossed with 10 Japanese differential cultivars and the susceptible Chinese cultivar ‘Lijiangxintuanheigu’ (LTH). Allelism tests were conducted in the F2 populations with rice blast races. The resistance of ‘Maowangu’ was governed by two dominant genes which were non-allelic to the resistance genes at seven loci: Pi-a, Pi-i, Pi-k, Pi-z, Pi-ta, Pi-b, and Pi-t. To identify the two resistance genes, two F3 lines of ‘Shin 2/Maowangu’ segregating 3R:1S were selected for linkage tests in 1994. One was linked to marker genes C and Amp-3 on chromosome 6 with recombination frequencies of 35.8 ± 6.4% and 42.1 ± 6.2%, respectively, and the other to Amp-1 on chromosome 2 with a recombination frequency of 37.6 ± 6.0%. To confirm these results, two F3 lines of ‘LTH/Maowangu’ were selected for linkage tests in 1995. The one was linked to Amp-3, and other was linked to Amp-1, with recombination frequencies of 36.9 ± 3.1% and 34.3 ± 3.2%, respectively. The two genes on chromosomes 6 and 2 were designated Pi13(t) and Pi14(t), respectively. 相似文献
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Takahisa YAMADA Seiki SASAKI Shin SUKEGAWA Takeshi MIYAKE Tatsuo FUJITA Hiroyuki KOSE Mitsuo MORITA Youichi TAKAHAGI Hiroshi MURAKAMI Fumiki MORIMATSU Yoshiyuki SASAKI 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(4):486-489
Marbling, defined by the amount and distribution of intramuscular fat, is an economically important trait of beef cattle in Japan. The endothelial differentiation , sphingolipid G-protein-coupled receptor , 1 ( EDG1 ) gene has been considered as a positional functional candidate for the gene responsible for marbling. We have recently reported that 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), c.-312A > G in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) and c.*446G > A in the 3' UTR in EDG1 were associated with marbling in Japanese Black beef cattle, but this was not functional and a causal mutation for marbling. In the present study, we detected 2 novel SNPs, referred to as g.1475435G > A and g.1471620G > T , in the 5' flanking region of the EDG1 between low-marbled and high-marbled steer groups, which were previously shown to have EDG1 expression differences in musculus longissimus muscle. The g.1475435G > A SNP seemed not to segregate in Japanese Black beef cattle. The g.1471620G > T SNP was associated with the predicted breeding value for beef marbling standard number by the analyses using Japanese Black beef cattle population. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that the g.1471620G > T SNP might have an impact on EDG1 expression and also marbling. 相似文献
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Naoto WATANABE Takahisa YAMADA Sachiyo YOSHIOKA Masayuki ITOH Youichi SATOH Masako FURUTA Shigeki KOMATSU Yoshihiko SUMIO Tatsuo FUJITA Yoshiyuki SASAKI 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(1):142-144
Our previous study detected a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), g.1471620G > T , in the 5' flanking region of the endothelial differentiation sphingolipid G-protein-coupled receptor 1 ( EDG1 ) gene, which has been considered as a positional functional candidate for the gene responsible for marbling, and showed association of the g.1471620G > T SNP with marbling in Japanese Black beef cattle. In the present study, we investigated the allele frequency distribution of the g.1471620G > T SNP among the 5 cattle breeds, Japanese Black, Japanese Brown, Japanese Short Horn, Holstein, and Brown Swiss breeds. The T allele at the g.1471620G > T SNP associated with high marbling was found at high frequency in Japanese Black breed that has been subjected to a strong selection for high marbling, while the allele was absent or at very low frequencies in the other breeds that have not been strongly selected for high marbling. Based on this finding, we hypothesized that the pressure of the strong selection for high marbling in Japanese Black breed has increased the frequency of the T allele at the g.1471620G > T SNP in the EDG1 . 相似文献
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Terashita Y Li C Yamagata K Sato E Wakayama T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2011,57(5):564-571
The detection of specific cellular components using fluorescent agents such as green fluorescent protein (GFP), red fluorescent protein or Hoechst dyes provides a powerful tool for studying cell biology. However, specimens must be exposed to high-intensity light, which might cause cellular damage. Here, we exposed mouse metaphase stage (M) II oocytes to fluorescent mercury vapor light at three wavelengths (539 nm, 488 nm and 341 nm) to determine the maximum exposure time that would avoid damage. When oocytes were activated parthenogenetically after exposure to these wavelengths for more than 20 min, 5 min or 4 sec, respectively, the percentages of dead oocytes after activation increased, and none of the surviving embryos developed to blastocysts. However, embryos fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were more tolerant to light damage, even though the quality of blastocysts, judged by cell number and cell allocation to the inner cell mass and trophectoderm measured by immunostaining for Oct4 and Cdx2, was reduced as exposure times increased. Live, healthy offspring were obtained when these exposed embryos were transferred into recipient pseudopregnant females at the 2-cell stage. In addition, MII oocytes collected from GFP-expressing transgenic mice after 5 min of irradiation with 488-nm light were also able to develop to full term following ICSI. Thus, we determined the safe period of exposure to several wavelengths for oocyte manipulation or observation that would permit subsequent development. 相似文献
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Sustainability of agriculture became a major issue of global concern during this decade. Agronomic practices aimed at reducing the dependence on inputs such as chemical fertilizers can contribute to sustainability. Nitrogen (N) is the most limiting and commonly applied nutrient for crop production. The development of nutrient-responsive cultivars especially during the past three decades led to an intensive use of N fertilizers in many agricultural systems. Environmental and economic issues associated with such practices have, however, generated an interest in alternative management systems. These include practices such as exploitation of beneficial biological functions (symbiotic nitrogen fixation, etc.) and substitution of chemical fertilizers with farm-generated products. 相似文献
9.
Immunoglobulin E recognition of Dirofilaria immitis antigens is more specific than immunoglobulin G.
The chronological development of the serum IgE and IgG response to microfilaria, third and fourth stage larvae, and male and female adult Dirofilaria immitis was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB). Dirofilaria immitis-specific IgE and IgG levels peaked 16-18 weeks post-infection after increasing in response to the fourth larval molt. Specific IgG levels plateaued after patency, while IgE continued to decline. The use of ammonium sulfate cut sera showed there was no quenching or blocking of IgE binding by IgG in the ELISA and EITB methods used in this study. IgE-specific EITB showed 30-49 bands for the five respective extracts that were identified by M(r) or relative mobility. Eighty-five to 100 bands were visualized by IgG-specific EITB for the same five extracts. The isotype-specific ELISA and EITB were shown to be closely related by significant correlations (P < 0.0001) between S/N ratios and the number of bands found on blots. The isotype-specific EITB bands non-specifically recognized were greater in size than 21 kDa for IgG and 45 kDa for IgE. Recognition of bands changed over time with some bands being recognized only by prepatent sera. Ten antigen bands of seven M(r) were consistently and specifically recognized by IgE in the five-stage extracts by sera from prepatent and patent infections; only one such M(r) at 13.9 kDa, was described for IgG. A potentially diagnostic 31.9 kDa antigen band was identified on the IgE-specific EITB of D. immitis female extract and was shown to be recognized by IgE in sera from all infected dogs at all time points examined from 2 weeks until 1 year post-inoculation. Overall, IgE reactivity was more specific for D. immitis infections than IgG reactivity. 相似文献
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