East Meets West: An Eastern Perspective of Aquaculture 1

The East or perhaps a better term, Asia, is both a major producer and consumer of aquacultural products. Yet with a long history in the field of aquaculture, most countries have made little or no progress in the techniques and methods applied in this field. The Asian needs for aquaculture are also more basic in that aquaculture provides a cheap source of protein for the malnourished and undernourished populations. Development may be significantly affected by the wide income gap existing in these countries, by inequalities in educational quality and opportunity, and by social factors such as religion, taboos, or tradition. But on the whole, a better life for many of Asia's people may possibly be found in the development of its aquaculture potential.     

植酸酶对不同类型的断乳仔猪日粮粗蛋白、氨基酸和能量的消化率的影响

通过对4个安装了简易T型瘘管的断奶仔猪研究表明,添加植酸酶并没有提高玉米-豆粕型日粮(试验组1)、小麦-豆粕型日粮(试验组2)和大麦-豌豆-菜籽粕型日粮(试验组4)粗蛋白和氨基酸的回肠表观消化率(AID),而使小麦-豆粕-菜粕型日粮的粗蛋白和氨基酸回肠表观消化率或粗蛋白和消化能的总消化道表观消化率(ATTD)得到了显著的提高(P<0.05)或呈提高的势态(P<0.10)。这些结果表明,氨基酸对细菌性植酸酶的反应因子取决于日粮的组成。     

不同生境香果树种群的径级结构与分布格局

应用"相邻格子法"对不同生境下的香果树种群进行每木调查,获得野外资料.采用空间代替时间的方法,研究香果树的径级结构和分布格局,以及应用泊松方差/均值比、负二项式分布、Lloyd平均拥挤度指数和聚块指数4个指标分析其种群格局状况.结果表明:不同生境下的香果树径级结构具有较大的相似性--均缺乏幼苗和幼树,种群呈衰退趋势;不同生境下的香果树种群聚块规模为8～32 m2;种群的空间分布格局主要为集群分布;格局动态明显呈现由集群分布到随机分布的扩散趋势.建议采取相应的措施保护母树,尤其是20年生以上的母树;还应加强对种子及幼苗生长动态变化的研究.     

The Inhibitors of CDK4/6 from a Library of Marine Compound Database: A Pharmacophore,ADMET, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Study

Background: CDK4/6 (Cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6) are the key promoters of cell cycle transition from G1 phase to S phase. Thus, selective inhibition of CDK4/6 is a promising cancer treatment. Methods: A total of 52,765 marine natural products were screened for CDK4/6. To screen out better natural compounds, pharmacophore models were first generated, then the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity (ADMET) were tested, followed by molecular docking. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation was carried out to verify the binding characteristics of the selected compounds. Results: Eighty-seven marine small molecules were screened based on the pharmacophore model. Then, compounds 41369 and 50843 were selected according to the ADMET and molecular docking score for further kinetic simulation evaluation. Finally, through molecular dynamics analysis, it was confirmed that compound 50843 maintained a stable conformation with the target protein, so it has the opportunity to become an inhibitor of CDK4/6. Conclusion: Through structure-based pharmacophore modeling, ADMET, the molecular docking method and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, marine natural compound 50843 was proposed as a promising marine inhibitor of CDK4/6.     

茄子及其近缘野生种AFLP分析体系的建立

本文以若干茄子自交系及其近缘野生种为材料,从DNA提取、酶切连接、预扩和选扩等几方面进行选择优化,建立起高效稳定的AFLP分析体系;从64对AFLP引物组合筛选出多态性好的引物组合38对,栽培种茄子和野生种托鲁巴姆间多态性高达68.5%.本实验室正以本AFLP分析体系开展茄子资源遗传多样性、青枯病抗性基因分子标记等遗传分析研究工作.     

利用绿色荧光蛋白GFP研究稻瘟病菌与水稻的互作

稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae严重威胁水稻的产量与质量,明确稻瘟病菌与水稻互作过程及机理,对防治稻瘟病具有重要意义。本研究利用稻瘟病菌常用致病菌株GUY11和ZB25,构建了绿色荧光蛋白GFP的过量表达菌株,并通过荧光显微观察菌株侵染寄主水稻过程中侵染结构的形成与发育,包括孢子萌发、附着胞形成、侵染钉形成、侵染菌丝增殖、坏死斑形成及产孢。另外,通过比较过量表达菌株对稻瘟病高抗水稻和易感水稻的侵染过程,发现侵染过程的差异主要集中于侵染钉的穿透和侵染菌丝的定殖。本研究为分析稻瘟病菌对寄主水稻的定殖规律提供了一种有效工具。     

引诱剂对蜜柑大实蝇的诱捕效果

本文报道了采用国际通用的监测技术,利用橘小实蝇、瓜实蝇、地中海实蝇引诱剂和水解蛋白诱饵,在广西凭祥市确定存在蜜柑大实蝇的果园开展了针对性的诱捕;诱捕结果表明,瓜实蝇引诱剂和水解蛋白诱饵能够诱捕到蜜柑大实蝇成虫,且水解蛋白诱饵比瓜实蝇引诱剂诱捕效果好.     

3种生长素对蓝叶忍冬枝条扦插生根的影响

以蓝叶忍冬(Lonicera korolkowi‘Zabclii’)为材料,研究了2种不同浓度(50、100 mg·L-1)的生长素吲哚乙酸(IAA)、吲哚丁酸(IBA)和萘乙酸(NAA)在不同处理时间(30、60 min),对蓝叶忍冬生根部位、根数和根长的影响。结果表明,3种生长素对蓝叶忍冬枝条扦插生根都产生了一定的影响,IAA处理增加蓝叶忍冬的生根率和根数,但抑制根的伸长。NAA处理对蓝叶忍冬生根效果不明显,仅对根长有一定的促进作用。与对照相比,50 mg·L-1IBA处理60min显著增加了蓝叶忍冬的生根率和根数(P0.05)。另外,3种生长素对蓝叶忍冬枝条生根部位也有影响,3种生长素处理都可以增加皮层生根数,对切口愈伤组织的生根有一定的抑制作用。其中IBA处理对生根部位影响的效果最明显,100 mg·L-1处理30 min可以显著提高皮层生根数并抑制愈伤组织生根(P0.05)。综合比较3种生长素促进生根的效果,IBA最好,IAA和NAA次之。     

兽医病理学在现代兽医专业教学和动物疾病诊断中的重要作用

为了阐述兽医病理学在现代兽医专业教学和动物疾病诊断中的作用,本文从人才培养、科研和生产实践应用等方面进行了探讨。指出兽医病理学具有培养高素质兽医专业人才、为动物疾病诊断提供方向或确诊疾病、验证和评估诊断结果、为科研选题提供手段与方向和解决动物医疗纠纷的重要作用。期望广大兽医专业教学工作者重视该课程教学,使学生掌握兽医病理学基础及其诊断技术。