外源ABA处理大麦胚的均一化cDNA文库的构建

构建外源ABA处理大麦胚的均一化cDNA文库是利用酵母双杂交方法筛选与靶蛋白相互作用蛋白的前提条件。为给大麦抗逆基因的研究及抗逆转基因大麦材料的创制奠定基础,利用5μmol·L-1ABA和蒸馏水分别处理大麦种子0h、6h、12h、24h,剥取大麦的胚,用热酚法提取总RNA,利用SMART原理进行反转录PCR并进行均一化处理获得ds-cDNA。经SfiⅠ酶切的ds-cDNA与pGADT7-Rec载体连接后,转化大肠杆菌感受态细胞DH10B构建文库。结果表明,文库的容量为1.1×106,插入片段大于1 000bp,集中在1 000~3 000bp之间,符合酵母双杂交文库的要求。     

采运烤一体化烤房挂筐式烘烤烟叶的效应

为简化烟叶烘烤工作环节和降低烟叶烘烤成本,利用目前烟叶烘烤普遍使用的密集烤房进行改造,研究了烟叶采运烤一体化烤房的挂筐式烘烤效应。结果表明：采运烤一体化烤房挂筐式烘烤能够促进烟叶内含物和香气前体物质的转化,促进化学成分的协调性及中性香气物质的含量,提高上等烟叶比例。采烤4000 kg 鲜烟可节约用工数量8．45个,烟叶采烤成本降低659．01元;烤后干烟叶（600 kg）纯收入增加939．01元。     

Nitrogen removal techniques in aquaculture for a sustainable production

As the aquaculture industry intensively develops, its environmental impact increases. Discharges from aquaculture deteriorate the receiving environment and the need for fishmeal and fish oil for fish feed production increases. Rotating biological contactors, trickling filters, bead filters and fluidized sand biofilters are conventionally used in intensive aquaculture systems to remove nitrogen from culture water. Besides these conventional water treatment systems, there are other possible modi operandi to recycle aquaculture water and simultaneously produce fish feed. These double-purpose techniques are the periphyton treatment technique, which is applicable to extensive systems, and the proteinaceous bio-flocs technology, which can be used in extensive as well as in intensive systems. In addition to maintenance of good water quality, both techniques provide an inexpensive feed source and a higher efficiency of nutrient conversion of feed. The bio-flocs technology has the advantage over the other techniques that it is relatively inexpensive; this makes it an economically viable approach for sustainable aquaculture.     

“天宝香蕉”产业化技术模式应用与成效分析

芗城区为打好“天宝香蕉”品牌,推动产业提质增效和可持续发展,通过项目实施,培育龙头企业作为项目实施载体,形成“龙头企业+农户+基地+标准”的技术模式,采用先进配套设备,搞好产业化经营,提高组织化程度;研究制定福建省地方标准《天宝香蕉》标准文本,应用利益驱动原则,引导农户加快标准化生产技术的应用推广,确保香蕉品质优化与食品安全,“天宝香蕉”获国家地理标志保护产品。项目实施采取加强组织领导,建立示范基地,健全科技推广网络,开展优质科技服务。两年来,示范面积152.7hm2,推广面积2066.7hm2,平均产量34932 kg/hm2,新增产量1.17万t,新增产值3529.1万元;节省成本373.6万元;产投比2.6。对推动福建省发展优质、丰产、安全、高效的香蕉产业具有重要意义。     

醚菊酯在模拟水生系和稻田中的残留行为

通过模拟和田间试验,研究了醚菊酯在模拟水生系和稻田环境中的残留、降解及分布．结果表明：醚菊酯在模拟水生系和稻田环境中的降解符合方程式Ｃ＝Ｃｏｅ－ｋｔ;水浮莲对水中醚菊酯的吸收富集能力和保持能力都大于罗非鱼,醚菊酯在生物和环境中的残留及分布表现为接触性,其内吸传导性小     

不同施磷水平对香蕉产量与品质影响初报

在定量施用氮、钾肥条件下．采用单因素田间试验方法研究不同施磷水平对香蕉产量与品质的影响。结果表明,在土壤速效磷含量适宜的香蕉园,株施尿素0．87kg、氯化钾1．335kg、有机肥2．0kg、硫酸镁125．0g、0．2％硼砂溶液喷1次,以施过磷酸钙1．165kg／株,N：P2O5：K2O=1：0．35：2（质量比）,田间蕉株生长较快,假茎较粗,采收时功能叶片数较多,采收期较早且较短,产量较高;同时,果实外观和内质较好,果指较长较粗,淀粉和总糖含量,可食率略高、可滴定酸居中;经济效益最佳,净利润达3．96万元／hm2,投入产出比为1：1．83。     

温度对造纸施胶效果影响的研究

通过测定不同温度下施胶效果的差异，以及松香胶溶液在不同温度下的稳定性和浆料滤水性能的变化，说明了温度升高施胶度下降的原因，进而提高出采用逆施胶方法解决这一普遍存在于生产中的问题。     

Influence of Sediment Preservation on Total Mercury and Methylmercury Analyses

Estuarine and riverine sediments from fourlocations showing different sediment structures wereanalysed as fresh, thawed and lyophilised samples fortotal mercury (TotHg) and methylmercury (MeHg)concentrations, and results were compared to addresseffects of sample preservation on Hg speciation. TotHg was measured by cold vapour atomic absorptionspectrometry (CVAAS). MeHg was isolated bydistillation and ion-exchange and analysed by coldvapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS) afterpreconcentration on a gold trap. No loss of TotHg norMeHg due to lyophilisation was found. Concentrationsof TotHg and MeHg respectively ranged from 92 to 267ng g^-1 dw and 1.1 to 2.9 ng g^-1 dw in freshsamples, from 94 to 215 ng g^-1 dw and 1.1 to 2.8ng g^-1 dw in thawed samples, and from 100 to 256ng g^-1 dw and 1.2 to 3.1 ng g^-1 dw inlyophilised samples. Lyophilised samples showedbetter homogeneity and better MeHg analysisreproducibility compared with wet samples.     

Determination of total folate in plant material by chemical conversion into para-aminobenzoic acid followed by high performance liquid chromatography combined with on-line postcolumn derivatization and fluorescence detection

A procedure involving chemical conversion of all forms of folate present in plant material into para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and a liquid chromatographic-fluorimetric determination with on-line postcolumn derivatization is reported. All folates are cleaved with liberation of PABA by hydrogen peroxide followed by acid hydrolysis using concentrated hydrochloric acid (37%) at 110 degrees C for 6 h. The reaction yield for individual folates conversion to PABA ranged from 44.4 to 97.3%. PABA could be determined sensitively by on-line postcolumn derivatization with fluorescamine, the detection limit for PABA being 3.02 nM. On the basis of this principle, a method for the determination of total folate in plant material, including a purification step on an affinity column, is presented, which offers a sufficient sensitivity and selectivity for routine analysis of total folate in natural samples. The total folate contents of tomatoes, carrots, white cabbage, and spinach were determined, and the results were quite comparable to the data reported. The recovery of PABA and the comparison of total folate analysis in spinach on different occasions (over 6 months) are also reported. The method is reliable, universal for all folates, including polyglutamate and monoglutamate forms, and eliminates the need for a deconjugation step and multiple conversion reactions.     

Metabolism of the lignan macromolecule into enterolignans in the gastrointestinal lumen as determined in the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem

Estrogenic plant compounds from the human diet such as the lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG, 1) can exert biological activity in the human body upon ingestion and bioactivation to enterodiol (END, 5) and enterolactone (ENL, 6). Bioavailability of lignans is influenced by the food matrix and gut microbial action, of which the latter is subject to a large interindividual variation. In this study, the fate of the lignan precursor SDG, present in the lignan macromolecule of flax seed ( Linum usitatissimum), was determined during an artificial stomach and small intestinal digestion and during metabolism by two different enterolignan phenotypes in a TWINSHIME environment (TWIN Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem). The lignan macromolecule acted as a delivery system of SDG in the large intestine. SDG was only hydrolyzed into secoisolariciresinol (SECO, 2) through microbial action in the ascending colon, after which it was bioactivated into enterolignans from the transverse colon onward. Single demethylation was a first step in the bioactivation, followed by dehydroxylation. Enterolignan phenotypes remained stable throughout the experimental period. The establishment of END and ENL production equilibria reflected the subdominance of ENL-producing bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract.