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1.
A line × tester analysis was carried out in mulberry (Morus spp.) to determine the genetic interaction in the expression of
various quantitative characters including leaf yield. Eight clonal varieties were selected, 3 of them were designated as lines
(♀) viz. Berhampore-1, China white and MS-5 and 5 of them were called as testers (♂) viz. Mandalaya, Kosen, Assamjati, MS-1
and Kajli. Combining ability studies were conducted on these parents along with their F1 hybrids for the variables laminar index, growth rate, weight of 100 dry leaves, number of primary branches per plant, plant
height, nodal distance, leaf-twig ratio, aerial biomass, moisture content, moisture retention capacity and leaf yield. Broad
genetic variability was observed among the genotypes. The ratio of General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining
Ability (SCA) indicated the predominance of non-additive genes in mulberry. While China white (female) and MS-1 (male) were
the best general combiners among the parents, Berhampore-1 × Kajli was the best cross for leaf yield. Results suggest that
selective crossing followed by proper screening may be the best approach for breeding of high yielding varieties in mulberry.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
2.
S. Gandhi Doss S. P. Chakraborti S. Roychowdhuri N. K. Das K. Vijayan P. D. Ghosh 《Euphytica》2012,185(2):215-225
Sericulture is an agro-based industry, which heavily depends on mulberry (Morus spp.) for its sustainability, as mulberry leaf is the only available feed for the silkworm Bombyx mori L. Sericulture, in West Bengal and other subtropical regions in India, suffers from lack of adequate quantity of quality
mulberry leaf during the colder months, the best season for rearing the high yielding bivoltine silkworm hybrids. In order
to develop mulberry varieties, which can sustain normal growth during these colder months to yield better, efforts have been
made in different research institutes in India. The present report is part of such an effort in which accessions in germplasm
bank were screened for better growth, leaf retention and leaf yield contributing associated traits. Twenty three selected
parents were crossed, 3,500 seeds were sown, 2,700 seedlings were transplanted to progeny row trail, selected 210 hybrids
were evaluated under primary yield trial and finally nine hybrids along with a control variety were studied in detail for
all leaf yield contributing traits under final yield trial. Stability analysis was adopted to identify hybrids, which can
yield stably across seasons. The hybrids CT-44 and CT-11 out yielding the control by 17.17 and 7.11% were selected as these
hybrids yield 7.93 and 8.15 mt/ha leaf respectively during the colder months (February) for their direct use as cultivars
in West Bengal and other subtropical areas of India to sustain bivoltine sericulture to produce quality and gradable silk
fibers. 相似文献
3.
Plant defensin is a small, cationic, cysteine-rich broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide with four or five disulfide bridges and has been shown to be a component of the innate immunity system in plants. In the present study, the defensin gene (TvD1) from Tephrosia villosa was overexpressed in tobacco and characterized. Two high-expression (T1, T26) and one low-expression (T13) plant lines were selected through semi-quantitative RT-PCR and used for bioassays along with non-transgenic controls. The high-expression plant line exhibited strong in vivo anti-fungal and anti-feedant activity against the pathogen Rhizoctonia solani and the first and second instar larvae of the Spodoptera litura (F.), the tobacco cutworm, respectively. The low-expression plant line showed a moderate level of tolerance/resistance in the bioassays. The recombinant peptide (rTvD1) exhibited toxicity to tobacco pollen grains in the germination assay, but transgenic plants produced copious fertile pollen and set capsules with viable seeds. The results of this study demonstrate that the single gene (TvD1) effectively controls both fungal and insect pests and, hence, it can be used for crop transformation. 相似文献
4.
Dried skipjack tuna ( Katsuwonus pelamis) waste (red meat, gills, viscera, fins, etc.) were mixed with 25% wheat flour and inoculated with a starter culture of Lactobacillus plantarum National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM) 2912 (108 –109 cells mL−1 ) and Bacillus licheniformis MTCC 6824 (107 –108 cells mL−1 ). Changes in the nutritional quality (crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, crude fibre and nitrogen-free extract and aminoacids) were monitored during a fermentation period of 14 days. The proximate analysis showed significant changes in the composition of L. plantarum -fermented tuna (LPFT) and B. licheniformis -fermented tuna (BLFT) from the unfermented raw materials. Fermentation of tuna waste has resulted in a significant ( P <0.05) increase in the protein content of tuna waste between days 6 and 12. All the amino acid contents in BLFT increased during fermentation, whereas, in LPFT the levels of serine, histidine, tyrosine, methionine, cystine and phenylalanine contents were decreased. A marginal increase in calcium and phosphorus levels was recorded in the fermented products. The results of the study suggest that LPFT or BLFT can be used as a novel aquafeed ingredient for different fish species. 相似文献
5.
Makesh Marappan Aathithya Rengarajan Venkata Satyanarayana Nallala Krishna Sukumaran Aritra Bera Thirugnamurty Sivaramakrishnan Govindarajan Thiagarajan Muniyandi Kailasam Vijayan Koyadan Kizhakedath 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(2):249-256
Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) affects more than 120 species mostly belonging to the order Perciformes. However, none of the brackishwater species belonging to the family Cichlidae under the order Perciformes are reported to be susceptible. Hence, the present experiment was undertaken to study the susceptibility of the brackishwater cichlid, pearlspot, Etroplus suratensis to NNV. Thirty‐day‐old pearlspot larvae were infected with NNV by immersion. Mortality was recorded till 14 days post‐infection, and the infected larvae were subjected to nested RT‐PCR and histology. The virus was isolated from infected larvae using SSN‐1 cells. To study the replication of the virus in vitro, primary cultured brain cells of E. suratensis and IEK cells were infected with NNV. No mortality was observed in any of the control or experimentally infected larvae. However, the experimentally infected larvae were positive for NNV by nested RT‐PCR and the virus was isolated using SSN‐1 cells. Further, the infected pearlspot brain cells and IEK cells showed cytopathic effect at second and third passage of the virus and they were positive for NNV by nested RT‐PCR. Pearlspot is relatively resistant to VNN although the virus could replicate in the larvae and in cell culture. 相似文献
6.
Ramamoorthy Saraswathy Moturi Muralidhar Das Sanjoy Periyamuthu Kumararaja Sukumaran Suvana Natarajan Lalitha Vinaya Kumar Katneni Arunachalam Nagavel Koyadan Kizhakedath Vijayan 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(4):1096-1106
The health of the pond environment in shrimp farming is important for sustainable and profitable aquaculture, in which sediment–water interface is the most important influencing area. With this objective, the key parameters of water and sediment at the interface was studied in shrimp ponds with varying salinities and compared with the surface water and soil to understand the variations and the underlying causes. Total ammonia nitrogen and total alkalinity were higher in water at the interface as compared to surface water, whereas pH, nitrite, oxide forms of nitrogen (NO3), phosphorus (PO4) and oxidizing bacteria were observed to be lower. There was no significant difference with respect to macrominerals such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium between water at the interface and surface. These changes are profoundly influenced by the uppermost 1.0‐cm thick sediment layer, where the maximum transition of nutrients takes place with the water column. The outcome of the study highlights the effectiveness of water sampling for metabolites at the interface, which reflects at an early stage any potential deterioration of pond environment, which will help the farmer to initiate timely mitigation measures. 相似文献
7.
Evaluation of growth,feed utilization efficiency and immune parameters in tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) fed diets supplemented with or diet fermented with gut bacterium Bacillus sp. DDKRC1. isolated from gut of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) 下载免费PDF全文
Debasis De Ramalingam Ananda Raja Tapas Kumar Ghoshal Suchita Mukherjee Koyadan Kizhakedath Vijayan 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(6):2147-2155
An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of supplementation of cellulolytic gut bacterium with plant protein‐based diet on growth, digestibility and digestive enzyme status of tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Bacillus sp. DDKRC1. (JN641289), a potential cellulolytic bacterium, isolated from the gut of Asian seabass was used as feed supplement in this experiment. The shrimps of group I, II and III were fed with control diet (without bacterial supplement, D1), diet supplemented with live Bacillus sp. DDKRC1. at 2.94 × 107 cfu per 100 g feed (D2) and diet fermented (48 hr) with same bacteria (D3) respectively. At the end of the 42 days experiment, shrimps of group II showed significantly better (p < .01) growth and protein efficiency ratio (PER) and lower (p < .01) feed conversion ratio (FCR) as compared to group I and III. Dry matter, cellulose, hemicellulose and lipid digestibilities were significantly (p < .01) higher in group II than other two groups. Cellulase, amylase and protease activities in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract were significantly (p < .01) higher in group II as compared to other two groups. Total heterotrophic count, amylolytic, cellulolytic and proteolytic bacterial counts in gut were significantly (p < .01) higher in group II as compared to other two groups. Haematological analysis indicated better (p < .05) immune response in groups II and III than control group. Diets D2 and D3 showed better effect on growth, digestibility, FCR, survival and immune response of P. monodon as compared to D1. 相似文献
8.
Embryonic and larval developments of brackish water catfish,Mystus gulio (Hamilton and Buchanan, 1822) induced with human chorionic gonadotropin and consequent larval rearing 下载免费PDF全文
Prem Kumar Gouranga Biswas Tapas Kumar Ghoshal Muniyandi Kailasam Koyadan Kizhakedath Vijayan 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(7):2466-2476
Mystus gulio, the long whiskers catfish, is a popular food fish and potential candidate species for aquaculture in Sundarban area of India and Bangladesh. Recently, catch of this species has declined due to overfishing and various ecological changes. In the present study, mature fish was induced to spawn in captivity through intramuscular injection of human chorionic gonadotropin at the doses of 10 IU/g to female and 5 IU/g to male. Photomicrographs of all developmental stages of live embryo and larvae were documented with the aid of a light microscope. Results demonstrated that morula, blastula, gastrula and neurula and organogenesis ended at 1:30‐, 3:00‐, 5:30‐, 7:30‐ and 17:15‐hour post‐spawning (hps) respectively. Heartbeat and muscular contraction of embryo commenced at 8:30 and 11.15 hps respectively. Hatching of embryo started after an incubation period of 17:30 hour at an ambient temperature of 29 ± 1°C. The newly hatched larvae measured 2.17 ± 0.29 mm in total length with a yolk volume of 0.165 ± 0.03 mm3 started feeding 36 hr after hatching. The present study, on induced breeding and chronological development of M. gulio embryo, will have significant implications on conservation and seed production for aquaculture. 相似文献
9.
Rajkishore Nayak Sinnappoo Kanesalingam Shadi Houshyar Arun Vijayan Lijing Wang Rajiv Padhye 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(6):954-962
This research investigated the effect of repeated laundering and dry-cleaning on the physical and thermophysiological comfort properties such as air permeability, water vapour resistance and thermal resistance of fabrics made of meta-aramid (Nomex®) fibre. Two different types of fabric were selected for the study and subjected to repeated laundering and dry-cleaning (1, 5 and 10 cycles), which is commercially used for the care and maintenance of these fabrics. The fabric thickness, areal density, thermal resistance and water vapour resistance values increased with the number of laundering cycles, whereas the air permeability decreased due to the fabric shrinkage and swelling. On the other hand, the thickness and air permeability of the dry-cleaned fabric samples increased with the number of cycles; while the water vapour resistance and thermal resistance decreased. The scanning electron microscopy images showed the structural changes as indicated by the longitudinal fibrillation in the fabrics subjected to laundering or dry-cleaning. 相似文献
10.
M. Kumaran Anand PR. Kumar J. Ashok Muralidhar M. Vasagam K. P. Kumaraguru Vijayan K. K. 《Aquaculture International》2021,29(6):2713-2730
Aquaculture International - Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) farming is an important commercial aquaculture production system contributing substantially to the economic and societal... 相似文献