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排序方式: 共有178条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Nobuaki Tamai Chisato Takenaka Shigehiro Ishizuka Takafumi Tezuka 《Journal of Forest Research》2001,6(4):311-313
The relationship between soil air volume and CH4 consumption in brown forest soils was investigated. The CH4 consumption was negatively affected when the soil air volume decreased in experiments carried out bothin situ and in the laboratory. A strong dependence of the CH4 consumption on the soil air volume was found in the laboratory experiment. These results indicate the possibility that the
soil air volume is the primary rate-limiting factor for the CH4 consumption in forest soil. Thus our work suggests that the other factors by which CH4 consumption might be affected should be examined under the same air volume condition in the soil. To obtain accurate data,
we need to be careful not to change the air volume by trampling or disturbing during the measurement of the natural methane
fluxin situ. 相似文献
2.
Takafumi SUZUKI Naohito NISHII Satoshi TAKASHIMA Tatsuya MATSUBARA Atsushi IWASAWA Hirofumi TAKEUCHI Kohei TAHARA Tatsuyuki HACHISU Hitoshi KITAGAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1379-1383
Polyclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) G autoantibodies against insulin have been
identified in sera of healthy cats. We purified and fractionated insulin-binding IgGs from
cat sera by affinity chromatography and analyzed affinity of insulin-binding IgGs for
insulin and their epitopes. Following the passing of fraction A, which did not bind to
insulin, insulin-binding IgGs were eluted into two fractions, B and C, by affinity
chromatography using a column fixed with bovine insulin. Dissociation constant (KD) values
between insulin-binding IgGs and insulin, determined by surface plasmon resonance analysis
(Biacore™system), were 1.64e−4 M for fraction B (low affinity IgGs) and
2e−5 M for fraction C (high affinity IgGs). Epitope analysis was conducted
using 16 peptide fragments synthesized in concord with the amino acid sequence of feline
insulin by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fractions B and C showed higher
absorbance (affinity) of the peptide fragment of 10 amino acid residues at the
carboxyl-terminal of the B chain (peptide No. 19), followed by peptide fragments of 6 to
15 amino acid residues of the B chain (peptide No. 8). Fraction C showed a higher
absorbance to 7 to 16 amino acid residues of the B chain (peptide No. 5) compared with the
absorbance of fraction B. Polyclonal insulin-binding IgGs may form a macromolecule complex
with insulin through the multiple affinity sites of IgG molecules. Feline insulin-binding
IgGs are multifocal and may be composed of multiple IgG components and insulin. 相似文献
3.
Nadya Soares de Macedo Adamov Nivaldo Ferreira do Nascimento Elayna Cristina Silva Maciel Matheus Pereira‐Santos José Augusto Senhorini Leonardo Luiz Calado Mariana Machado Evangelista Laura Satiko Okada Nakaghi Alan Hertz Marín Guerrero Takafumi Fujimoto George Shigueki Yasui 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2017,48(5):741-750
Triploidization is an interesting tool to produce sterile fish. In the yellowtail tetra, Astyanax altiparanae, this can be applied for aquaculture and surrogate technologies. In this study, we compared the efficacy of cold (2 C) or heat shock (38 C, 40 C, and 42 C) on triploid induction in the yellowtail tetra. The eggs were treated with cold or heat shock, 2 min postfertilization (30 min in cold shock or 2 min in heat shock). Intact embryos served as the control group. Ploidy status was confirmed by karyotyping, flow cytometry, and nuclear diameter of erythrocytes. The hatching rate decreased after cold shock (12.69 ± 15.76%) and heat shock at 42 C (0.35 ± 0.69%) in comparison with the control group (63.19 ± 16.82%). At 38 C and 40 C, hatching rates (61.29 ± 17.73% and 61.75 ± 22.1%, respectively) were not decreased. Only one triploid arose at 38 C (1/80). At 40 C, a high number of triploids arose (72/78). At 42 C, very few embryos developed into the hatching stage. A large number of haploid individuals arose after cold shock (61/75), with only one triploid. Our results indicate that heat shocking of embryos at 40 C is optimum for triploid production in the yellowtail tetra. 相似文献
4.
Yuki Ichinose Rena Shimizu Yoko Ikeda Fumiko Taguchi Mizuri Marutani Takafumi Mukaihara Yoshishige Inagaki Kazuhiro Toyoda Tomonori Shiraishi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(4):244-249
The flagellins purified from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci induce a hypersensitive reaction in nonhost tomato cells. To investigate the role of flagella and flagellin in the compatible interaction, we generated two types of flagella-defective mutant. The fliC mutant lost the fliC gene that encodes flagellin protein, whereas the fliD mutant lost the fliD gene that encodes HAP2-capping protein. The two mutants had markedly reduced ability to cause disease symptoms in tobacco leaves. Furthermore, propagation of the mutants in tobacco leaves was less than that in wild-type pv. tabaci. Compared to the inoculation with wild-type pv. tabaci, inoculation with the two mutants did not markedly induce the expression of typical defense response-related genes such as PAL and hsr203J. Complementation of each fliC and fliD gene to the corresponding deficient mutant restored motility and virulence. These results indicate that flagella of P. syringae pv. tabaci are indispensable organelles for complete virulence on host tobacco plants. 相似文献
5.
Plants defend themselves against microbial invasions by detecting conserved molecules, collectively called pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs-triggered basal resistance is the first inducible layer of plant defense. Here we found
that Ralstonia solanacearum strain RS1002 can efficiently grow and cause disease in ecotype Columbia-0 of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana in a manner dependent on the Hrp type III secretion system (T3SS). The extent of disease symptoms caused by R. solanacearum was reduced in plants pretreated with ΔhrpY mutant deficient in the functional Hrp T3SS. Pretreatment with a boiled extract (BE) from R. solanacearum had a similar inhibitory effect on disease development or bacterial multiplication in both Arabidopsis and several solanaceous plants. Simultaneous inoculations with BE and R. solanacearum did not induce BE-mediated resistance, nor did a BE treatment with proteinases. These results indicate that host plants recognize
an unknown proteinaceous PAMP in the BE to induce disease resistance and that the Hrp T3SS of R. solanacearum can suppress it. From an analysis using Arabidopsis mutants lacking PAMP receptors, the elongation factor Tu of R. solanacearum was shown to partially contribute to BE-mediated basal resistance in Arabidopsis plants. 相似文献
6.
Total labor time on paddy rice has been decreasing year by year with the development and introduction of appropriate herbicides, especially ‘one‐shot' herbicides. However, in the case of application of granules, it is still difficult for a farmer to apply herbicides while carrying heavy power backpack sprayers. New formulation recipes and different application technology such as a throw‐in type formulation on jumbo granules or flowable has improved heavy workloads in comparison with granule application by using heavy power backpack sprayers. In addition, other advantageous points such as application volume and elimination of the drift problems of this new application technology were introduced and confirmed. As a result of this introduction, these formulations were used in 830 000 ha and reached 30% of the total treatment area in paddy rice in 2000. 相似文献
7.
Matsumoto K Inokuma H Okuda M Onishi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(1):137-140
The effects of salivary gland extract (SGE) from R. sanguineus were examined on the production of IgG1 and IgG2 and the mRNA expression of IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 in the mononuclear cells from canine peripheral blood, treated with concanavalin A (ConA) in vitro. SGE suppressed the ConA-induced production of IgG2. It also inhibited the expression of IFN-gamma, IL-2 and IL-5 mRNA in a dose-dependent manner. No dose-dependent suppression was observed of IL-10 mRNA expression although a significant effect was observed at a SGE protein concentration of 25 microg/ml. SGE had no effect on the mRNA expression of IL-4. These results suggest that the suppression of IgG2 production by SGE from R. sanguineus was caused by the suppression of IFN-gamma production. 相似文献
8.
Tani K Morimoto M Hayashi T Inokuma H Ohnishi T Hayashiya S Nomura T Une S Nakaichi M Taura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(6):513-518
Using RT-PCR and semi-quantitative PCR, mRNA expression for canine interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was examined in dogs with or without demodicosis. mRNA expression for IFN-gamma as well as TNF-alpha in dogs with demodicosis (localized (LD) and generalized (GD)) was slightly lower than those in dogs without demodicosis (healthy controls). Expression of IL-5 mRNA in dogs with demodicosis was higher than that in control dogs, but there were no significant differences in IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression levels among the three groups. On the other hand, expression levels of TGF-beta mRNA in dogs with GD were higher than those in control dogs and dogs with LD. The expression levels of IL-5 and TGF-beta mRNA decreased in all three dogs with GD which showed resolution of the clinical signs. Taken together, these results suggest that the Th2-like response in PBMCs from dogs with demodicosis is up-regulated, and that subsequent increased expression of IL-5 and TGF-beta mRNA in dogs with GD is reversible after treatment. Therefore, these cytokines, particularly IL-5, might be a useful clinical index of the clinical course in demodicosis. Also, increased TGF-beta mRNA expression might be a key factor for revealing the difference in the mechanism of onset between LD and GD. 相似文献
9.
Koji Yoshida Shoko Inaba Chisato Takenaka Takafumi Tezuka 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(2):157-161
To clarify the nutrient status in momi fir (Abies firma Sieb. et Zucc.) seedlings under complex stress conditions of acid fog with soil acidification or nitrogen loading, we exposed seedling shoots to simulated acid fog (pH 3) and simultaneously loaded the soil with acid or excess nitrogen for 17 months. Proton and nitrogen loading reduced K concentration in soil, but these treatments had little effect on the nutrient status of fine roots in momi fir seedlings. Acid fog exposure resulted in reduced concentrations of Mg, Al, and Fe in current-year needles and Mg, Al, Cu, Fe, and Zn in 1-year-old needles. The complex effects of acid fog exposure with proton or nitrogen loading on nutrient status were relatively slight. However, elements such as Al and Cu notably reflect the effects of proton loading. These results show that the nutrient status of trace elements, rather than major elements, in needles of momi fir seedlings is sensitive to exposure to acid fog or proton loading. 相似文献
10.