The effects of dietary fermented wheat bran polysaccharides on mucosal and serum immune parameters,hepatopancreas antioxidant indicators,and immune-related gene expression of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles

Aquaculture research has focused on polysaccharides as they are among the most promising new-generation immunostimulant used to control aquatic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of fermented wheat bran polysaccharides (FWBPs) on juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Carps were fed different FWBP amounts (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%) for 8 weeks and then their skin mucus and serum immune parameters, hepatopancreas antioxidant indicators, and immune-related gene expression in the intestines, kidneys, and spleen were measured. The skin mucus IgM levels significantly increased in 0.1% FWBP group, but decreased in 0.4% FWBP group. The skin mucus protease and the serum alkaline phosphatase activities increased significantly in the 0.2%, 0.1%, and 0.4% FWBP groups, respectively. The serum total Ig levels increased noticeably in the 0.1% and 0.2% FWBP groups. The highest and lowest serum lysozyme activities were observed in the 0.1% and 0.4% FWBP groups, respectively. The hepatopancreatic total superoxide dismutase activity was higher in the 0.1% FWBP group than in the control. The malondialdehyde levels decreased significantly in the 0.2% and 0.4% groups. The intestinal mRNA levels of the LZM-C and IL-10 genes were significantly higher in the 0.2% than in the 0.4% FWBP group; TNF-α was significantly upregulated in the 0.1% group. The gene expression in the kidneys did not differ significantly among the treatments, except for a significant increase in the IL-10 expression in the 0.1% treatment. Significantly elevated expression of LZM-C in 0.2% group and IL-10 in 0.1% group was observed in the spleens. TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly downregulated in the 0.4% group. These results suggest that FWBPs could be used as immunostimulant feed additives in common carp cultures.

     

不同处理剂对电镀废水重金属去除效果的研究

用粉煤灰、煤渣、嘭润土、沸石4种处理剂分别对电镀废水进行吸附处理,通过检测滤液中Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+的浓度,综合筛选出对废水中Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+去除效果好的处理剂.结果表明,沸石对Cu2+的去除效果最好,平均去除率达97.35%;对Zn2+和NP2+的去除效果却最差.膨润土对Zn2+和Ni2+的去除效果最好,平均去除率分别达到100%和93.6%.沸石、粉煤灰、煤渣对Cu2+和Zn2+的去除效果都分别优于对Ni2+的处理效果.用粉煤灰代替膨润土处理Cu2+和Zn2+,能降低80%的成本.     

北斗卫星导航系统在海洋渔业上的应用

概要介绍利用北斗卫星导航系统应用于海洋渔业的必要性,以及北斗导航系统在海洋渔业上的应用现状和应用解决方案,指出北斗卫星导航系统在海洋渔业应用的重要性。     

大豆抗SC3候选基因的克隆及分析

大豆花叶病毒(Soybean mosaic virus, SMV)病是大豆主要的病害之一,给我国大豆生产带来了巨大的损失。大豆抗病育种是目前防治大豆花叶病毒病最为经济有效的措施,发掘抗病基因是抗病育种的基础。本文在前期对大豆抗SMV株系SC3基因精细定位的基础上,克隆了2个具有TIR-NBS-LRR典型抗病结构域的基因(GmR47和GmR51)。生物信息学分析表明, GmR47和GmR51基因均在抗感品种中存在氨基酸位点的突变,而且突变位点都位于保守结构域内,这2个基因编码的蛋白质预测为烟草花叶病毒(TMV)抗性N蛋白;物种间同源比对结果显示, GmR47和GmR51基因与野生大豆亲缘较近。qRT-PCR结果表明, GmR47和GmR51能够响应SMV的侵染增加表达量,且在抗病品种中的表达量高于感病品种。2个基因存在IN1、IN2和IN3不同的剪接体,所有的剪接体都能够响应病毒的诱导增加表达量,且在抗病品种中的表达量高于感病品种, IN1和IN2的表达量随时间的变化较为明显, IN3的表达量则相对稳定,说明这些剪接体可能参与大豆对SMV的抗病过程。本研究为后续基因功能的研究奠定了基础。