Enzymological,histological, and serum biomarker responses of snubnose pompano on complete replacement of fishmeal using cottonseed meal supplemented with lysine and methionine in the diet

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - In a feeding experiment, cottonseed meal (CSM) was used to replace fishmeal (FM) in the diet of snubnose pompano, Trachinotus blochii, supplemented with lysine...     

Evaluation of gross protein and lipid requirements in formulated feed for honey gourami,Trichogaster chuna (Hamilton 1822)

Gross protein and fat requirements in formulated feeds designed for the honey gourami, Trichogaster chuna (initial weight 1.34–1.38 g), were investigated. Feeds containing 30%, 40%, and 50% protein and 6% and 9% lipid at each protein level were tested. Protein and energy sources used were from fishmeal, shrimp meal, clam meal, soy flour, and wheat flour. An equal mixture of crude sardine oil and groundnut oil was used as the source of lipids. Comparison of the whole gourami amino acid profiles before and after the dietary treatments indicated a relative decline in all amino acids except methionine and lysine. Fatty acid profiles of whole individuals after dietary treatment showed a substantial increase in monounsaturated fatty acids relative to the initial fatty acid profiles. No significant differences were observed in fish growth between dietary treatments (p > .05). Feeds containing 30% protein and 6% lipid were found to be adequate for normal growth, while feeds with 40% protein and 6% lipid were seen to help accelerate growth and reproduction. In this study, protein and lipid levels required for regular maintenance, sexual maturation, and spawning of aquarium‐reared gourami were established.     

Empirical feed formulations for the marine ornamental fish,striped damsel,Dascyllus aruanus (Linné 1758) and their physical,chemical and nutritional evaluation

Formulated feeds containing a common ingredient mixture (CIM) consisting of fishmeal (anchovies), shrimp meal (Acetes), squid meal (Loligo) and soybean meal incorporated in ascending levels to obtain protein levels ranging from 180 to 560 g kg^?1(18.34%, 25.35%, 36.27%, 46.61% and 56.28%) and an energy level of 19 MJ kg^?1 were fed to the marine ornamental fish, striped damsel, Dascyllus aruanus <200 mg and 200–300 mg in size for periods of 35 and 63 days. The <200 mg fish accepted particles <0.5 mm in size and showed maximum growth in terms of absolute growth rate (AGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) with the feed containing 380 g kg^?1 CIM having a protein content of 362 g kg^?1. Second‐degree polynomial regression equations fitted confirmed these observations with a predicted requirement of 360 g kg^?1 protein. In fish weighing 200–300 mg, growth was not significantly different (P>0.05) in fish fed with feeds containing 380 and 580 g kg^?1 CIM with 360 and 470 g kg^?1 protein. With these data, the second‐degree polynomial regressions showed that a protein level of 464 g kg^?1 would result in an RGR of 107%. The feeds were well accepted by the damselfish, showing good colour retention and health.The cost of the feeds excluding processing costs ranges from US $ 1.35 to 3.36 kg^?1. This is the first report on the development of formulated feeds for damselfish that would help in rearing and aquarium keeping of damselfish worldwide.