排序方式: 共有30条查询结果,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
A novel compound, 8(17),12E,14-labdatrien-19-al (trans-communal), was isolated from ethyl acetate extract of young cones of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl.). The chemical structure of the compound was determined mainly with various nuclear magnetic resonance spectral techniques. Its stereochemistry was determined by derivation to a known compound,trans-communol. In addition to this compound, four known compounds — ferruginol, chamaecydin, 12-hydroxy-6,7-seco-abieta-8,l 1,13-triene-6,7-dial, and frans-communic acid — were isolated. All isolated compounds were subjected to an antifeedant bioassay against the pest insectSpodoptera litura. Results of the bioassay showed that chamaecydin and 12-hydroxy-6,7-seco-abieta-8,11,13-triene-6,7-dial had antifeedant activity.Part of this report was presented at 45th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 1995 相似文献
2.
Mitsuyoshi Yatagai Madoka Nishimoto Keko Hori Tatsuro Ohira Akira Shibata 《Journal of Wood Science》2002,48(4):338-342
The termiticidal activity of wood vinegar, its components, and their homologues have been studied. Three kinds of wood vinegar made from the mixed chips ofCryptomeria japonlca andPseudotsga menziesii (wood vinegar A),Quercus serrata (wood vinegar B), andPinus densiflora (wood vinegar C) exhibited high termiticidal activities againstReticulitermes speratus. Acetic acid, which is the largest content of wood vinegar, exhibited high termiticidal acitivity. The contents of organic fraction of wood vinegars and acetic acid might be responsible for the differences in termiticidal activities among these wood vinegars. The structure and termiticidal activity relations of phenols were studied. Phenol with some substituents revealed higher termiticidal activity than benzene derivatives, which have no hydroxyl group; an ortho substituent of phenol plays an important role in termiticidal activity. It has become apparent that high termiticidal activity cannot be obtained by a phenolic hydroxyl group alone; it can be obtained, however, by some substituents, especially an ortho substituent in addition to a phenolic hydroxyl group. The bulkiness of the substituent at the ortho position participates in termiticidal activity; activity decreases as the size of an ortho substituent increases. It is thought that the interaction at the receptor site of termites is affected by the increased size of the ortho substituent. 相似文献
3.
杉木精油的制备及其成分分析的研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文研究了杉木精油的提取方法及其化学成分。采用了四种蒸馏装置来提取杉木精油。结果表明:大部分精油在蒸馏的2小时内被提取出;装置3具有较高的提取效率;杉木精油的主要化学组成为松柏醇;精油获得率随蒸馏时间段的增加而逐渐减小;采用CO2-超临界流体萃取法提取杉木精油,压力为100kg/cm^2和温度为40℃时为其最佳条件。图1表4参10。 相似文献
4.
The time-course changes in calcium and phosphorus contents, dry weight, and area during scale regeneration in the goldfish,
Carassius auratus L. were quantified. Histological observations were then conducted to understand the mutual relationship between the quantitative
and morphological processes of scale regeneration. The quantitative study revealed that regenerating scales grow most rapidly
in area during the first 5 days of regeneration. The gradual decrease in the area growth rate coupled with the continuous
linear weight growth over the period of 5–28 days suggests a shift in growth priority from area growth to the apposition,
of the basal plate. Calcium and phosphorus deposition proceeded almost linearly during scale regeneration. Calcification of
the bony layer preceded that of the basal plate and, after 14 days of regeneration, calcification of the basal plate started
and gradually progressed. On day 28, recovery of calcium and phosphorus contents in the regenerating scales were approximatley
72% of ontogenetic scales, which is lower than the rates of area and weight regeneration (104 and 85%, respectively). Late
initiation and slow progress of calcification in the basal plate is suggested to be responsible for the slow regeneration
in calcium and phosphorus contents. 相似文献
5.
Yuichiro Hiraoka Noritsugu Kuramoto Mineko Ohira Masanori Okamura Toru Taniguchi Yoshitake Fujisawa 《Journal of Forest Research》2011,16(6):509-517
Rhus succedanea L. is cultivated in Japan for the wax that can be extracted from its fruits. We determined genetic data for specific traits
associated with wax production (fruit number per cluster, FN, fruit weight, FW, number of clusters per area, CN, and wax content,
WC) in five traditional cultivars and 13 newer clones. Data were collected over 4 years and alternate bearing was observed:
2001 and 2003 were years with high yields; in 2002 and 2004 yields were poor. The restricted maximum likelihood method was
used to calculate (co)variance components for analysis. Broad sense heritability was estimated and ranged from low (FN and
CN) to high (FW and WC) for the traits examined. There were positive genetic correlations between FW and WC and negative ones
between FN and FW throughout the 4 years. Genetic correlations between CN and the other traits were positive in good crop
years and negative in bad crop years. For each assessed clone, the four traits in the 4 years were evaluated using best linear
unbiased predictors (BLUP) of the clonal breeding values. The BLUP scores for both FW and WC exhibited positive correlations
between pairs of years, whereas there were positive BLUP correlations for CN when the high yield and low yield years were
examined separately. The traditional cultivars and the newer clones were also characterized. Some of the clones were better
than the traditional cultivars with regard to wax yield and reliability of production. The trait characteristics and the future
breeding are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Plant growth regulation effects of triterpenoid saponins 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To investigate structure–activity relations between the sugar chain structures of triterpenoid saponins and their plant growth
regulation effects, several monodesmosidic saponins with betulin as an aglycon were synthesized by chemical and enzymic reactions.
Three triterpenoids (betulin, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid) and synthesized betulin glycosides were submitted to germination
and growth regulation tests on alfalfa seeds. We concluded the following. Betulin had a slight growth inhibitory effect on
alfalfa radicles. Betulin glycosides exhibited stronger effects than betulin, and betulin glycosides with two to four glucose
residues as a sugar moiety had the greatest inhibitory activity. These characteristics of growth inhibitory effects were considerably
different from those of phenolic compounds so far reported. Some betulin glycosides also showed a significant growth regulation
effect on alfalfa hypocotyls. However, hypocotyl growth was less affected than radicle growth for all betulin glycosides.
Among the triterpenoids, betulinic acid had stronger growth inhibitory effects on alfalfa radicles than betulin, suggesting
the importance of the carboxyl group at the C-28 position for the inhibitory effects of lupane-type triterpenoids. On the
other hand, no germination regulation effects on alfalfa seeds were observed for any of the betulin glycosides or triterpenoids
examined.
Received: October 9, 2001 / Accepted: February 15, 2002
Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by a research grant (Development of Highly Functional Materials by Structural Modification
of Carbohydrates) from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan. We thank Saori Kudo for her assistance
in isolating compounds by chromatography.
Correspondence to:S. Ohara 相似文献
7.
Naoaki Tsutsui Ayano Nagakura-Nakamura Chiaki Nagai Tsuyoshi Ohira Marcy N. Wilder Hiromichi Nagasawa 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(1):33-38
Seven major peptides belonging to the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone family were purified from the sinus gland located in the eyestalk of the kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus, and their effects on vitellogenin gene expression were examined using the ex vivo ovary incubation system. Six molecular species of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone, Pej-SGP-I, -II, -III, -V, VI, and VII, displayed significant inhibitory effects on vg expression with almost the same efficacies, whereas Pej-SGP-IV (known as molt-inhibiting hormone) did not. Two chromatophorotropic peptides, red pigment-concentrating hormone and pigment-dispersing hormone, which were also present in the sinus glands, did not have a clear effect on the gene expression levels in this incubation system. These results suggest that the six crustacean hyperglycemic hormones are potentially capable of acting as vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormones in M. japonicus. 相似文献
8.
Naoaki Tsutsui Tsuyoshi Ohira Tomoyuki Okutsu Junpei Shinji Sun-Hye Bae Bong Jung Kang Marcy N. Wilder 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(3):357-365
The cDNA encoding a precursor of Liv-SGP-G, the most abundant crustacean hyperglycemic hormone-family peptide in the sinus gland of the whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, was cloned by RT-PCR coupled with 5′- and 3′-RACE. The determined cDNA sequence consisted of 621 nucleotides comprising a 69-bp 5′-untranslated region, a 357-bp open reading frame, and a 195-bp 3′-untranslated region. The deduced sequence of 72 amino acid residues corresponding to mature Liv-SGP-G was completely identical to that of natural Liv-SGP-G, determined in our previous study. The recombinant Liv-SGP-G was thereafter heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and its vitellogenesis-inhibiting activity in ex vivo cultured ovarian fragments was examined. The recombinant peptides inhibited vitellogenin gene expression with almost the same efficacy as that of natural Liv-SGP-G purified from sinus glands. 相似文献
9.
T Ito Y Kawaoka M Ohira H Takakuwa J Yasuda H Kida K Otsuki 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(8):987-989
To establish the evolutionary association between the equine 1 H7 HA and M genes, phylogenetic analyses of the six internal gene segments of equine 1 influenza viruses (H7N7 subtype) were performed using partial nucleotide sequences. The results demonstrated that five internal genes (PBI, PB2, PA, NP and NS) of equine 1 viruses isolated after 1964 were replaced by those of equine 2 H3N8 viruses. However, the M gene was maintained during the evolution of these equine 1 viruses. These findings suggest a functional association between equine H7 HA and M gene products, most likely M2 protein. 相似文献
10.