缓释氮肥配施尿素对迟播小麦产量形成及氮素利用的影响

为建立稻茬迟播小麦树脂包膜缓释氮肥高效施肥模式与技术,以冬小麦品种扬麦23为材料,以43%树脂包膜缓释氮肥(PCU,含氮43%)和尿素(U,含氮46%)为氮肥,设置“一次性基施”(A)与“一基一追”(B)2种施肥模式,共形成100%树脂包膜缓释氮肥基施(A1)、80%树脂包膜缓释氮肥+20%尿素基施(A2)、60%树脂包膜缓释氮肥+40%尿素基施(A3)、80%树脂包膜缓释氮肥基施+20%尿素返青期追施(B1)、80%树脂包膜缓释氮肥基施+20%尿素拔节期追施(B2)、60%树脂包膜缓释氮肥基施+40%尿素返青期追施(B3)、60%树脂包膜缓释氮肥基施+40%尿素拔节期追施(B4)等7个施肥处理,分析了缓释氮肥与尿素配施对迟播小麦产量及其构成、茎蘖动态、干物质积累、叶面积指数、SPAD值、氮素利用效率等指标的影响。结果表明,一次性基施模式处理(A1～A3)的小麦产量显著低于常规施肥(CK,基肥∶分蘖肥∶拔节肥∶孕穗肥=5∶1∶2∶2);“一基一追”两次施肥模式处理(B1～B4)的产量显著高于CK,泰州与扬州两地分别平均增产5.77%和5.64%,其中B4处理产量最高,分别为8 796....     

Regulation of‘Tiao Gan Fang Yao’on neuroendocrine-immuno-function of bandage-stressed rats

AIM: To investigate the regulation of ‘Tiao Gan Fang Yao’(TGFY) on neuroendocrine-immuno-function of bandage-stressed rat . METHODS:The stressed rat model was made by bandage. RIA was adopted to measure the function of hypothalamus-pitutary-adrenal gland axis (HPAA) of stressed rat. Meanwhile, the immunity of stressed rat and the regulation of TGFY were observed.RESULTS:Bandage stress increased the contents of serum corticosterone(CORT), and ACTH, and hypothalamus corticotropin releasing hormone (P＜0.01 or 0.05), which suggested that the excitability of HPAA was enhanced. In addition, bandage stress reduced spleen lymphocyte proliferation (P＜0.01) and decreased H₂O₂ releasing from the macrophages significantly (P＜0.01). While TGFY could decrease HPAA excitability of bandage-stressed rat and strengthen its immunity. CONCLUSION:TGFY could regulate disorder of neuroendocrine-immuno-function of bandage-stressed rat.     

减量侧深施肥对里下河地区单季粳稻产量和品质的影响

以优质食味粳稻南粳9108和南粳5718为材料,以常规施肥为对照（CK,施氮量300 kg/hm2、基蘖氮肥与穗氮肥比7∶3）,分别设计6个侧深施肥处理[基蘖氮肥为常规施肥处理的100%(T1)、90%(T2)、85%(T3)、80%(T4)、75%(T5)及70%(T6),穗氮肥量同CK],探讨侧深施肥对里下河地区单季粳稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,T1处理显著提高水稻产量,2个品种产量分别提高了9.49%和8.23%,经济效益显著增加,同时改善了稻米的加工品质和营养品质,但未改善稻米的食味品质;T3处理2个品种产量与CK相比无显著差异,但提高了稻米的加工品质、外观品质和食味品质,是一种优质稳产的施肥方式。     

母乳来源耐氧化双歧杆菌的筛选

双歧杆菌作为婴幼儿肠道的优势菌,是最常用的益生菌之一,但对氧气具有高度敏感性,因而双歧杆菌的分离、培养和应用面临较大困难.利用双歧杆菌选择培养基,从湖南采集的健康人的母乳中分离出19株乳酸菌.鉴定结果显示,其中7株双歧杆菌分别为1株长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium loungum)、2株两歧双歧杆菌(B.bi...     

对福州市旅游景区的认知研究

运用NMDS方法研究了福州市居民对福州市旅游景区的认知。通过空间定位图分析发现,在居民的认知中福州市10家旅游景区被聚合为3个组群：自然风光类旅游景区组群、人文风貌和自然风貌旅游景区组群、海岛风光旅游景区和博物馆旅游景区组群;在当地居民对旅游景区的感知情况方面,有4家旅游景区的感知率小于60%;在到访情况方面,旅游景区到访率只有3家大于70%,有2家介于35%和55%之间,有5家小于30%。通过特征属性和旅游景区之间的配适分析与水平距离分析发现,居民对前2个组群的评价较高,对后1个组群的评价较低。据此提出了福州市旅游发展的建议。     

Prediction of pine mistletoe infection using remote sensing imaging: A comparison of the artificial neural network model and logistic regression model

In this study, the prediction of pine mistletoe distribution in Scots pine ecosystems was explored using remote sensing variables to compare the multilayer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network (ANN) and logistic regression (LR) model performances. For this purpose, 109 sample plots were distinguished in pure Scots pine forests (natural) in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Distinguishing mistletoe-infected stands (69) and uninfected stands (40) was performed with field observations. The variables acquired from Landsat 8 (Level 1) images were used as independent variables for independent-sample t-test, MLP ANN and LR models. Remote sensing variables indicated that mistletoe-infected stands were in drier areas with a lower vegetation-leaf area index. Based on the performance results of both models, the sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of the MLP ANN model were superior to those of the LR model. The prediction percentages (SEN, SPE, PPV and NPV) of mistletoe-infected stands were better than the prediction percentages of uninfected stands. The prediction accuracies of LR and MLP ANN models were 74.3% and 89.6%, respectively. However, all remote sensing variables were included in the prediction equation of the MLP ANN model, while the thermal infrared 1 (TIRS1) variable was included in the LR model. In the MLP ANN model, the TIRS1 variable also had the highest normalized importance (100%). The area under the curve (AUC) value for identifying the mistletoe-infected stands of Scots pine forests used by the MLP ANN model (0.892 ± 0.034) was higher than in the LR model (0.838 ± 0.039), explaining the more accurate predictions obtained from the MLP ANN model. The MLP ANN model showed much better performance than the LR model. The results of this study are expected to make important contributions to the identification of potential mistletoe-infected areas.     

茭虾共作对土壤氮磷含量和茭白干物质积累及氮磷钾吸收分配的影响

为探究茭白种养模式的施肥策略,设置茭虾共作（ZC）、茭白单作（Z） 2个处理,研究茭虾共作对土壤氮磷含量、茭白产量和茭白干物质积累及氮磷钾吸收分配的影响。2021-2022年的研究结果显示,茭虾共作模式较茭白单作模式采茭期土壤中全氮、全磷、速效磷的含量分别提高了10.85%~38.89%、5.45%~13.79%、6.19%~61.79%,净茭产量提高了5.10%~19.54%,采茭期茭白茎、叶、净茭的干物质积累量分别增加14.41%~16.58%、10.28%~15.15%、10.57%~21.45%。2021年茭虾共作处理较茭白单作处理在采茭期叶的氮含量显著增加了25.74%,但在孕茭期茎中磷含量显著减少了16.76%;2022年氮肥减量、减量投喂下,茭虾共作处理较茭白单作处理在孕茭期茎的氮含量显著减少了23.75%,在分蘖期叶中磷含量显著减少了12.08%,2 a全生育期同一器官的钾含量在2个处理间差异不显著。对于养分积累,2021年茭虾共作处理在分蘖期叶的氮、磷、钾积累量较茭白单作处理分别减少26.04%、27.27%、30.11%,但在采茭期茎的氮、钾积累量和叶的氮、磷积累量较茭白单作处理分别增加18.80%、38.41%和44.77%、35.71%;2022年在氮肥减量、饲料减量投喂下,茭虾共作处理在采茭期叶的磷积累量和茎的钾积累量较茭白单作处理显著增加30.0%和30.77%。关于养分分配,2种处理的茭白在孕茭期和采茭期氮素的分配均以茎、叶为主,而磷、钾元素的分配均以茎为主,茎分配比例在42%~66%。对于养分转运,2021年2种处理茭白的根、茎、叶在氮、磷转运上大多为表现为“库”器官,而在钾转运上大多表现为“源”器官;2022年氮肥减量、减量投喂下,茭白的根、茎、叶在氮、磷、钾转运量上大多表现为“源”器官。因此,在茭虾共作模式中适当减少肥料、饲料的投入,能促进形成合理的源库关系,有利于茭白产量的形成。     

三角帆蚌新发现的贝壳基质蛋白基因hic9的分离、鉴定及其在珍珠早期形成过程中的作用

为进一步研究珍珠质形成的分子机理,使用RACE-PCR技术从三角帆蚌外套膜中克隆到一个新的贝壳基质蛋白基因hic9。RT-PCR和原位杂交技术结果显示,hic9主要在闭壳肌和外套膜中表达,且在外套膜外褶的外表皮各部分都有信号,在壳皮沟中同样有信号,这些结果表明,hic9是一个同时参与了贝壳角质层、棱柱层和珍珠层形成的多功能基质蛋白基因。hic9富含甘氨酸(14.81%)、脯氨酸(13.58%)和丙氨酸(12.35%),在序列中部形成"Gly-X-X"的结构(X为任意氨基酸),与近C末端连续重复丙氨酸结构(polyA)一起使hic9具有类似蛛丝蛋白的结构特征。hic9 C末端由一段疏水性序列"LAWMLFV"组成,推测这段序列形成β折叠结构,紧邻该序列89～91位是"Asp-Leu-Asp"序列,这是一个典型的Ca2+结合位点。此外,通过实时定量PCR检测了珍珠形成早期阶段hic9在初生珍珠囊中的表达情况,插片后3～15 d hic9在珍珠囊中的表达水平维持在大致相同的表达水平,在碳酸钙沉积物从无序向有序转变时期(18～25 d),表达水平较第15天有显著的升高,这表明hic9参与了这一过程,在珍珠层的形成过程中发挥了关键作用。     

基于Bloom filter的远程对称差规模估算法

中国的劳伦斯研究从20世纪30年代开始起步,自80年代起走向繁荣。在80年代,劳伦斯笔下的性描写是学者关注的中心,也鼓舞和启发了中国作家对人性的深入探索。90年代之后,中国学者对劳伦斯研究的范围不断扩大,对其创作中的工业文明与大自然的冲突主题、两性关系主题、死亡与再生主题,非理性心理描写、原始主义等问题都进行了深入探究,也对其作品中的象征隐喻手法进行了全面的分析。精神分析、生态批评、比较文学,以及原型批评、解构主义批评、叙事学、伦理学批评等研究方法,都应用于劳伦斯研究,取得了可观的成绩。另一方面,中国的劳伦斯作品翻译良莠不齐,研究的低水平重复、缺乏学术规范现象也十分严重。