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排序方式: 共有210条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Fuminori Kawabata Kana Murayama Yuta Yoshida Ruojun Liang Shotaro Nishimura Shoji Tabata 《The Journal of Poultry Science》2022,59(3):286
The pungency induced by spices and herbs plays an important role in food choice and appetite, and it is suggested that adding spices and herbs to feed as natural alternatives to antibiotics has beneficial effects in poultry farming. However, our knowledge of the chemosensory perception of herbal compounds in chickens is limited. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is involved in the sensory perception of various herbal compounds. Here, we performed calcium imaging and electrophysiological analyses using cells transiently expressing chicken TRPA1 (cTRPA1) and identified two novel cTRPA1 ligands—eugenol and thymol. In a behavioral assay, chickens responded to cTRPA1 ligands, including eugenol, thymol, cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and allyl isothiocyanate. These results provide evidence that chickens have a functional TRPA1 channel and chemosensory perception of various herbal compounds. 相似文献
2.
3.
Nocturnal/diurnal demand-feeding pattern of yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata under different keeping conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
4.
Toshie Wakabayashi Nobuaki Suzuki Mitsuo Sakai Taro Ichii Seinen Chow 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(3):494-502
ABSTRACT: A total of 110 adult individuals from four ommastrephid (family Ommastrephidae) squid species ( Ommastrephes bartramii, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis, Eucleoteuthis luminosa, and Hyaloteuthis pelagica ) were used to obtain diagnostic DNA markers for species identification. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of a partial segment (855 bp) of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the restriction profiles of two endonucleases ( Alu I and Tsp 509 I) were diagnostic for species identification. The restriction assay partially supplemented with nucleotide sequence analysis successfully assigned 69 damaged and morphologically equivocal ommastrephid paralarvae collected in northern Hawaiian waters, identifying 60 O. bartramii , eight S. oualaniensis , and one E. luminosa . The family Ommastrephidae appears to be monophyletic. Although the phylogenetic relationships among genera were not resolved well due to apparent homoplasy and large genetic divergence between species, COI sequence data without transitions provided support for subfamily level relationships. 相似文献
5.
Chino Mitsuo Moriyama Kiyoshi Saito Hiroshi Morn Tadahiro 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1991,(1):829-837
The amount of heavy metals discharged from daily life was estimated in order to know the origin of the metals contained in the sewage sludge which is produced in the wastewater treatment plant treating only domestic wastewater. The amounts of the metals discharged from our daily life were estimated to be in the range of 0.2 to 0.3 for Cd, 1.6 to 1.9 for Ni, 3.5 to 6.8 for Pb, 0.8 to 1.4 for Cr, 8.2 to 19.3 for Mn 9.4 to 55.8 for Cu, 44.3 to 62.7 for Zn and 111 to 293 for Fe in mg.d–1 per person, Using these data, the cycle of the metals in our daily life was discussed in relation to land application of sewage sludge. 相似文献
6.
Pine Wilt Disease Caused by the Pine Wood Nematode: The Induced Resistance of Pine Trees by the Avirulent Isolates of Nematode 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Hajime Kosaka Takuya Aikawa Nobuo Ogura Katsuhiro Tabata Tomoya Kiyohara 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(7):667-675
Since the beginning of the 20th century, pine trees in Japan have been seriously damaged by the pine wilt disease. This disease is caused by the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, which is transmitted by the Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus. The control of disease depends to a large extent on chemicals, but the public is now demanding environmentally friendly control methods. The virulence of B. xylophilus varies very widely. Pre-inoculation of young pine trees in a nursery with avirulent B. xylophilus has induced systemic resistance of trees against a subsequent inoculation with virulent B. xylophilus. This induced resistance was considered a hopeful means for developing a biological control for the disease. The induced resistance by the avirulent nematodes was also expressed in mature pine trees in a forest where the disease was naturally epidemic. However, the effects of induced resistance were not satisfactory for practical biological control. Since the inoculation with higher concentrations of the avirulent B. xylophilus induced the resistance more effectively, the pre-inoculation method will need to be improved to develop the biological control. The induced resistance of pine trees by avirulent B. xylophilus should be one of the candidate biological control methods against pine wilt disease. This induced resistance also provides an experimental system to clarify physiological interactions between the nematodes and pine trees. 相似文献
7.
Yoshiro Kanemoto Essam E. Enan Fumio Matsumura Mitsuo Miyazawa 《Pest management science》1992,34(3):281-290
Effects of deltamethrin, a powerful pyrethroid insecticide, on the protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation processes during depolarization in rat brain synaptosomes were studied by using [32P]phosphoric acid as a starting radiotracer and high external concentration of potassium ions or veratridine (10?-5 M) as depolarizing agents. At the onset of depolarization there was a quick rise in phosphorylation in various synaptic proteins for about 15–30 s followed by a gradual decline in levels of phosphorylation. The effect of deltamethrin (10?-7 M) on this system was found to be dependent on the length of preincubation of the synaptosome with the pesticide prior to depolarization. At an early stage (0–3 min preincubation period) it caused a modest suppression of protein phosphorylation activities. When the period of deltamethrin preincubation was extended to 5–20 min, however, it caused a significant increase in protein phosphorylation throughout the depolarization period. At the later stage of the action of deltamethrin (e.g. preincubation period of 30–40 min), deltamethrin-treated synaptosomes no longer responded to the depolarization signal to raise the level of phosphorylation on many proteins. These results indicate that deltamethrin's actions on the synaptic process are complex. Depending on the length of exposure, its effects on protein phosphorylation responses in intact synaptosomes could be either stimulatory or inhibitory. To study the cause of deltamethrin-induced synaptic block at the later stage, effects of deltamethrin on protein kinases were studied by using lysed synaptic membranes with [gamma-32P]ATP. Deltamethrin was shown to inhibit calcium–calmodulin-dependent protein phosphorylation activities at 10?-7 M when given directly to the enzyme source 10 min prior to the addition of [32P]ATP. Such an observation helps to explain the inhibitory action of deltamethrin on protein phosphorylation which occurs at the late stage of its action (i.e. preincubation time > 20 min). 相似文献
8.
Kenichi?TsuchiyaEmail author Christophe C.M.?D’Ursel Mitsuo?Horita Yuzo?Nozu 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(5):310-315
Strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria Dye 1978 (Xcv), the causal agent of bacterial spot, have been classified into two groups based on their ability to hydrolyze starch. Three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), 7AH10, 5HB3, and 4AD2, were produced immunized against the living bacteria and were specific to and could distinguish Xcv strains able or unable to hydrolyze starch (Amy+ or Amy–). The MAb 7AH10, obtained against strain UPB141(Amy–) reacted in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with all the Amy– strains (n = 19) and 1 of 11 Amy+ strains. Against Xcv 2625, an Amy– unusual phenotype strain, MAb 5HB3, recognized 97% of our worldwide collection of Xcvs (n = 30). Also against that strain, the MAb 4AD2 reacted with none of the homologous Amy– phenotypes and with 90% (n = 11) of the heterologous Amy+ phenotypes. For all the MAbs, cross reactions with other pathovars or species were less than 4% (n = 67). By assaying a Japanese collection of strains against the three MAbs, the Amy+ strains were distinguished from the Amy– strains, and their relation with other world strains could be demonstrated. All the MAbs reacted with the lipopolysaccharide fraction of the bacterial cell wall during immunoblotting. 相似文献
9.
Takato Nakayama Mitsuo Horita Tadayuki Shimanuki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(4):229-234
We investigated soil contamination by Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea (Sss) and disease severity of powdery scab in 29 potato fields in Hokkaido, Japan, using a hydroponic culture method with
tomato seedlings as bait plants. The quantity of Sss infection on the roots of bait plants was evaluated using the polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) and expressed in terms of the infection potential in the soil. The infection potential was positively
correlated with the disease severity of harvested tubers, whereas the spore ball density determined using PCR had an indistinct
relationship with disease severity. The infection potential can be useful in evaluating soil contamination and in applying
countermeasures against powdery scab. 相似文献
10.
J. -Y. Chen Yuichi Shimizu Mitsuo Takai Jusuke Hayashi 《Wood Science and Technology》1995,29(4):295-306
Summary A new lignin isolation method has been developed. Wood and pulp were subjected to ball milling, swelled in an organic solvent, and then treated with a cellulase. The enzyme digestion time could be shortened to 1 day with this method. The lignin obtained has been named Swelled Enzyme Lignin (SEL). Swelling and enzyme digestion conditions and their effects on lignins were investigated. The SEL's from wood could be directly washed with water, while those from pulp had to be washed with aqueous acetic acid because they were water soluble. The purification of crude SEL's was accomplished by extracting them with dioxane-water, and then precipitating and washing with ethyl ether. Lignin yields were 24–67% based on the total amount of lignin present. The characteristics of the SEL's were further investigated by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC), infrared and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.Symbols SUKP
Softwood Unbleached Kraft Pulp
- BUKP
Birch Unbleached Kraft Pulp
- TD
Todomatsu (Abies sachalinensis) wood
- MWL
Milled Wood Lignin
- MWLS (BK, TD)
Milled Wood Lignin of SUKP (BUKP, TD)
- SEL-C
Swelled Enzyme Lignin (crude)
- SELS-C
SEL-C of SUKP, other materials named in the same way
- SELS-90
SEL-C of SUKP and extracted with 90% dioxane-water
- SELS-96
SEL-C of SUKP and extracted with 96% dioxane-water, other materials named in the same way 相似文献