全豆豆浆与传统豆浆感官品质和营养成分对比

以大豆为原料,通过感官评定对胶体磨技术自制的全豆豆浆和一般机械磨加工的传统豆浆中的永和豆浆和普通豆浆的感官品质进行了比较,通过营养成分检测对全豆豆浆和永和豆浆的营养成分进行了比较,同时将检测的全豆豆浆营养成分与中国食物成分表中的普通豆浆的营养成分进行比较。结果表明:全豆豆浆口感浓厚,细腻爽滑,豆香味浓郁,无豆腥味,感官评价总得分高于传统豆浆中的永和豆浆和普通豆浆,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);全豆豆浆中蛋白质、脂肪、总膳食纤维、维生素B1、维生素B2、钙、磷脂及大豆异黄酮等营养成分含量均高于永和豆浆,更高于普通豆浆。全豆豆浆的普及不仅可以提高豆浆的营养价值,还可以减少资源的浪费,具有一定的社会和经济效益。     

宁夏地区荷斯坦牛乳房性状的遗传参数估计和主成分分析

旨在评估宁夏地区荷斯坦牛乳房性状的遗传水平。本研究使用DMU（v6.0）软件的AI-REML模块结合EM算法并配合多性状动物模型对宁夏地区12 415头荷斯坦牛，包括111 735个观察值的9个乳房性状进行遗传参数估计，运用主成分分析法（PCA）探讨构象性状之间的关系。结果表明，宁夏地区荷斯坦牛乳房性状遗传力处于中等偏低水平，乳房深度遗传力值为0.242，乳房质地为0.080，悬韧带为0.183，前乳房附着为0.230，前乳头位置为0.231，前乳头长度为0.173，后乳房高为0.272，后乳房宽为0.378，后乳头位置为0.169。各性状遗传相关范围为-0.277~0.706，表型相关范围为-0.084~0.316。研究共筛选出特征值≥1的4个主成分，占总方差的64.19%，且9个乳房性状在前3个主成分中已全部体现，荷载系数均在0.4以上。本研究通过对宁夏地区奶牛DHI数据的深入挖掘和遗传参数估计，准确地把握了宁夏奶牛群体的结构特征，对于奶牛的选种选配和育种规划具有重要意义。     

我国猪囊虫病的研究概况

囊虫病是一种危害严重的人兽共患病，在我国的发生率较高。近年来，我国学者在该病的流行病学、诊断方法、防制措施以及免疫预防等方面都进行了深入研究，本文就该病的研究进展进行了综述。     

Preharvest applications of growth regulators and their effect on postharvest quality of table grapes during cold storage

Over 54,600 ha of table grapes (Vitis vinifera), mainly cvs. ‘Thompson Seedless’, ‘Flame Seedless’ and ‘Redglobe’, are planted in Chile. Almost the entire production is exported to the USA, Europe, Asia, or one of several Latin American countries, which typically requires 15–40 d of maritime transportation. During this period, several physical, physiological, and pathological factors cause table grape deterioration. Because berry size is the main quality factor in international markets, farmers often overuse the growth regulators, gibberellic acid (GA₃) and forchlorfenuron (CPPU), in an effort to increase berry size. We examined the effect of preharvest growth regulators on seedless (‘Thompson Seedless’, and ‘Ruby Seedless’) and seeded (‘Redglobe’) table grape cultivars during cold (0 °C) storage plus a shelf life period of 3 d at 20 °C. The overuse of GA₃, eight instead of two GA₃ applications on Thompson Seedless, and the use of one GA₃ application on Redglobe and ‘Ruby Seedless’, increased berry pedicel thickness and lowered cuticle content but induced shatter and predisposed grapes to gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea. In contrast, CPPU increased berry pedicel thickness and cuticle content but did not increase shatter or gray mold incidence. Clusters that were subjected to overuse of combined GA₃ and CPPU were highly sensitive to shatter, had the thickest pedicel, and developed a high gray mold incidence during cold storage. Hairline, a fine cracking developed during cold storage, was induced on ‘Thompson Seedless’ and ‘Ruby Seedless’ by growth regulators, but no hairline occurred on ‘Redglobe’ table grapes. Therefore, berry quality during cold storage is greatly influenced by growth regulator management in the vineyard.     

西农萨能奶山羊血浆生长激素水平的变化及其与奶产量的关系

本实验用放免测定法(RIA)测定了38只西农萨能奶山羊(其中360～450日龄的青年羊10只,产前一月至产后90天的头胎和2胎羊各14只)血浆GH水平变化,分析了血浆GH水平与奶量的相关性。结果表明:360～450日龄的青年羊血浆GH维持在一个波动较小的范围(20.37±5.17～23.13±5.97ng/ml),头胎羊和二胎羊分娩前后及泌乳早期血浆GH水平的变化趋势相一致,在同一生理状态下,二胎羊血浆GH水平都显著地高于头胎羊。相关分析还表明:头胎羊和二胎羊血浆GH水平都与其奶量呈直线正相关关系(P<0.05)。综上结果可以认为,奶山羊血浆GN水平可作为选育高产奶山羊的一项指标。     

2005年我国赖氨酸市场回顾与展望

2005年我国赖氨酸市场主要表现为:生产商异军突起,产品大同小异,产量井喷增长,需求平稳增加,价格今非昔比,利润一落千丈,中国赖氨酸价格已成为国际市场风向标。     

湖南省滑胸茧蜂属Homolobus Foerster初报(膜翅目:茧蜂科:滑胸茧蜂亚科)

描记滑胸茧蜂属属征和褐滑胸茧蜂形态,并提供该蜂的形态图。     

胚胎干细胞及种系嵌合体的研究进展

胚胎干细胞是着床前的囊胚内细胞团或早期胎儿的原始生殖细胞经体外分化抑制培养建立的多能性细胞系 ,具有与胚胎细胞相似的形态特征和分化潜能 ,体外培养时保持未分化状态 ,可以传代增殖。改变维持胚胎干细胞不分化的培养条件 ,胚胎干细胞可自发分化成多细胞结构。在一定诱导下 ,胚胎干细胞可向多个方向分化 ,并生成多种功能细胞。胚胎干细胞注入到胚泡期胚胎或与桑椹期胚胎聚合 ,可以参与包括性腺在内的各种组织的嵌合体的形成。胚胎干细胞在细胞分化与调控 ,胚胎发育 ,遗传病 ,肿瘤 ,免疫和组织或器官移植等研究中显示着广泛的应用前景。而种系嵌合体的获得是实现 ES细胞途径的决定步骤 ,低的种系嵌合率则是制约 ES细胞应用的关键。提高供体 PGCs在受体生殖腺中的比例 ,缩短 ES细胞的体外培养时间 ,以及注入早期发育阶段的受体胚胎等都能提高种系嵌合率。文章从多个方面综述了胚胎干细胞的最新研究成果 ,并着重以禽类 ES细胞为例论述了种系嵌合体的检测方法 ,种系嵌合率的影响因素以及提高种系嵌合率的方法     

Foot-and-mouth disease eradication efforts in the Republic of Korea

On March 20, 2000, a suspected vesicular disease in cattle was reported to the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service (NVRQS) of the Republic of Korea. This represented the index case of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak, which spread through several provinces. The Republic of Korea had been free of FMD for 66 years prior to the reintroduction of the virus and had recently suspended imports of pork and pork products from neighboring Japan owing to a reported FMD outbreak in that country. The Korean outbreak was ultimately controlled through the combination of preemptive slaughter, animal movement restrictions, and a strategy of ring vaccination. The purpose of this paper is to review the current FMD situation in Korea in the aftermath of its 2000 epizootic and how it may affect future efforts to eradicate or reduce risk of reintroduction of the disease into Korea.