Comparison of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase and melatonin receptor type 1B immunoreactivity between young adult and aged canine spinal cord

Melatonin affects diverse physiological functions through its receptor and plays an important role in the central nervous system. In the present study, we compared immunoreactivity patterns of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), an enzyme essential for melatonin synthesis, and melatonin receptor type 1B (MT2) in the spinal cord of young adult (2~3 years) and aged (10~12 years) beagle dogs using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. AANAT-specific immunoreactivity was observed in the nuclei of spinal neurons, and was significantly increased in aged dog spinal neurons compared to young adult spinal neurons. MT2-specific immunoreactivity was found in the cytoplasm of spinal neurons, and was predominantly increased in the margin of the neuron cytoplasm in aged spinal cord compared to that in the young adult dogs. These increased levels of AANAT and MT2 immunoreactivity in aged spinal cord might be a feature of normal aging and associated with a feedback mechanism that compensates for decreased production of melatonin during aging.     

Evaluation of a competitive ELISA for antibody detection against avian influenza virus

Active serologic surveillance is necessary to control the spread of the avian influenza virus (AIV). In this study, we evaluated a commercially-available cELISA in terms of its ability to detect AIV antibodies in the sera of 3,358 animals from twelve species. cELISA detected antibodies against reference H1- through H15-subtype AIV strains without cross reactivity. Furthermore, the cELISA was able to detect antibodies produced following a challenge of the AIV H9N2 subtype in chickens, or following vaccination of the AIV H9 or H5 subtypes in chickens, ducks and geese. Next, we tested the sensitivity and specificity of the cELISA with sera from twelve different animal species, and compared these results with those obtained by the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test, the "gold standard" in AIV sera surveillance, a second commercially-available cELISA (IZS ELISA), or the agar gel precipitation (AGP) test. Compared with the HI test, the sensitivities and specificities of cELISA were 95% and 96% in chicken, 86% and 88% in duck, 97% and 100% in turkey, 100% and 87% in goose, and 91% and 97% in swine, respectively. The sensitivities and specificities of the cELISA in this study were higher than those of IZS ELISA for the duck, turkey, goose, and grey partridge sera samples. The results of AGP test against duck and turkey sera also showed significant correlation with the results of cELISA (R-value >0.9). In terms of flock sensitivity, the cELISA correlated better with the HI test than with commercially-available indirect ELISAs, with 100% flock sensitivity.     

Protective effect of anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats on UVB-induced apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo

UVB radiation proves to be one of the most relevant environmental risks because of its hazardous effects, such as premature skin aging and especially skin photocarcinogenesis. Anthocyanins, water-soluble pigments present in plants, are known to be powerful antioxidants that help protect plants from UV damage. In this study, we aimed at investigating the protective effect of anthocyanins from black soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] seed coats on UVB-induced apoptosis, and furthermore, we investigated the molecular mechanism responsible for regulation of apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment with anthocyanins reduced UVB-induced reactive oxygen species levels and inhibited UVB-induced apoptotic cell death through the prevention of caspase-3 pathway activation and reduction of proapoptotic Bax protein levels. UVB irradiation induced apoptotic cell death, which was inhibited by topical application of anthocyanins in hairless mice. It is concluded that anthocyanins from the seed coat of black soybeans may be useful compounds to modulate UVB-induced photoaging.     

小麦类菌原体兰矮病研究简报

 小麦类菌原体兰矮病(Wheat Mycoplasna like-oaganism Blue Dwarf-WMBD)是北方麦麦区的一种主要病害,特别是在间套麦田和麦草覆盖保墒的旱农栽培麦区发生严重,其是我国在小麦上新近发现的第一个类菌原体病害。     

1株对多种害虫高活性的苏云金杆菌Bt CYZ-4

通过生物测定得到了对多种重要农林害虫高活性的苏云金杆菌菌株Bt CYZ-4,对其基因型鉴定表明:该菌株基因型较丰富.该菌株对粘虫(Mythimna separata)初孵幼虫48h LC50为6.6×106个/mL(芽孢密度);对美国白蛾(Hyphantria cunea)、甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua)和棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)初孵幼虫72h LC50分别为2.9×106、2.25×105和4.7×106个/mL;对林业害虫杨扇舟蛾(Clostera anachoreta)二龄幼虫72h LC50为1.7×106个/mL,同时该菌株对卫生害虫淡色库蚊(Culex pipiens paliens)也表现出较好的活性,24h LC50为2.01×105个/mL.利用cry1、cry2、cry3、cry7、cry8、cry9和vip3A基因引物对该菌株进行基因型鉴定,并对其扩增片段进行限制性酶切分析,结果表明,该菌株含有cry1Ac、cry1Ab、cry2Ab和vip3A基因,不存在cry3、cry7、cry8、cry9基因,其它基因型仍有待鉴定.SDS-PAGE分析表明,晶体蛋白质的分子质量主要为130、70、57、27ku,营养期为88ku.该菌株是一株具有应用潜力的Bt野生株.     

高山离子芥磷脂酶D活性测定及酶动力学分析

高山离子芥（Chorispora bungean）是一种高抗逆的多年生高山草本植物,具有特殊的分子及生理抗逆响应机制。磷脂水解酶磷脂酶D （PLD）是重要的跨膜信号转导酶。以高山离子芥愈伤组织为试材,利用酶联免疫分光光度计法,优化磷脂酶D活性测定体系,建立了在25℃反应温度条件下,200 μL反应体系中,膜蛋白的含量35 μg、反应时间30 min、pH为7.0的缓冲液系统最适合高山离子芥愈伤组织磷脂酶D活性测定体系,分析表明不同膜结合态磷脂酶D的酶动力学特征存在差异,为进一步探讨磷脂酶D在高山离子芥响应逆境胁迫中的作用奠定基础。     

甘肃省肃南县草地治蝗灭鼠工作经验

总结了肃南县１９５５年以来草原治蝗灭鼠为单一人工药物防治发展到生物新技术与新药物相结合的综合治理经验,提出了今后科技力量,开展多渠道,多学科,多部门协作防治的发展方向。     

非淀粉多糖复合酶制剂对断奶仔猪血液指标的影响

选用120头平均体重为(8.1±0.2)kg的PIC断奶仔猪,采用单因素完全随机化试验设计,研究在饲料中添加复合酶对断奶仔猪血液指标的影响。试验共设5个处理组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复6头猪。试验期为28 d,分为前期(1～14 d)和后期(15～28 d)两个阶段。结果表明:非淀粉多糖复合酶组能显著提高断奶仔猪前期血糖、总蛋白的含量(P<0.05);提高后期断奶仔猪血糖、总蛋白和免疫球蛋白A的含量(P<0.05),复合酶Ⅱ效果好于复合酶Ⅰ。     

大豆油对肉鸭脂肪沉积的影响研究

用 1日龄樱桃谷商品肉鸭 5 6 0只 ,采用两因素 ,每个因素三水平的完全随机设计 ,方法是在饲粮中添加 3%、6 %和 9%的大豆油 ,每个比例分别添饲 1周、2周、3周。结果表明 :试验组的皮脂率比对照组降低了 0 88%～ 2 5 5 % ;腹脂率降低了 1 2 0 5 %～ 1 6 5 7% ,瘦肉率提高了 1 4 2 1 %～ 39 2 1 % ,差异显著 (P <0 0 5 ) ;以 6 %的比例且投饲料 2周的效果最好 ,其皮脂率与腹脂率分别降低了 2 0 5 %、1 6 5 7%和瘦肉率提高了 39 2 1 %。