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排序方式: 共有59条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
ABSTRACT Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, causal agent of Fusarium wilt of lettuce, is a serious pathogen recently reported in Arizona. Sequence analysis of the mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1alpha) gene, and the nuclear ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer (IGS) region was conducted to resolve relationships among f. sp. lactucae isolates, F. oxysporum isolates from other hosts, and local non-pathogenic isolates. Analysis of mtSSU sequences provided limited phylogenetic resolution and did not differentiate the lactucae isolates from 13 other F. oxysporum isolates. Analysis of EF-1alpha sequences resulted in moderate resolution, grouping seven formae speciales with the lactucae isolates. Analysis of the IGS region revealed numerous sequence polymorphisms among F. oxysporum formae speciales consisting of insertions, deletions, and single nucleotide transitions and substitutions. Repeat sequence analysis revealed several duplicated subrepeat units that were distributed across much of the region. Based on analysis of the IGS sequence data, lactucae race 1 isolates resolved as a monophyletic group with three other formae speciales of F. oxysporum. In all analyses, lactucae race 2 isolates composed a separate lineage that was phylo-genetically distinct and distantly related to the lactucae race 1 isolates. 相似文献
2.
Valeria F. Del Coco María Alejandra Córdoba Gladys Bilbao Pinto de Almeida Castro Juan Angel Basualdo Mónica Santín 《Veterinary parasitology》2014,199(1-2):112-115
Fecal specimens were obtained from a total of 70 dairy calves less than two months old on 11 municipalities in Buenos Aires, Argentina. After removal of fecal debris by sieving and sucrose flotation, specimens were subjected to PCR to detect the presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi. PCR revealed a 14.3% of prevalence for E. bieneusi with 10 positive calves from 7 municipalities. Gene sequence analysis conducted in all samples positives by PCR revealed the presence of six genotypes; four previously reported in cattle as well as humans (D, I, J, and BEB4), one never reported in cattle before but previously reported in humans (EbpC), and one novel genotype (BEB10). These results constitute the first molecular characterization of E. bieneusi in Argentina, and suggest a potential risk of zoonotic transmission in this area. 相似文献
3.
Wachira Kaguongo Gladys Maingi Ian Barker Nancy Nganga Joseph Guenthner 《American Journal of Potato Research》2014,91(1):109-118
Although potatoes are the second most valuable crop in Kenya, poor seed potato quality has limited industry expansion. The objectives of this study were to describe the seed potato system, identify problems, determine use of high-quality seed and estimate farmer willingness to pay (WTP) for different types of seed. Data was collected from interviews, forums and surveys. A contingent valuation method (CVM) model was also developed to analyze the factors that influence farmer WTP. It was found that the seed system consists of three sub-components: Formal, Semi-Formal and Farmer. More than 96 % of Kenya seed potatoes were produced in the Farmer category, and were considered to be poor quality. Growers identified bacterial wilt, viral diseases and late blight as the most serious problems. The WTP model revealed that farmer age, distance to seed source, potato training, gender and region were statistically significant explanatory variables. The study recommends that training be conducted to increase production of “clean seed” and “positively-selected seed” in the Semi-Formal part of the seed system. 相似文献
4.
Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka William A Horne Jay Levine Michael R Loomis 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2003,34(1):47-52
The cardiorespiratory effects, effectiveness, and reversibility of two injectable anesthetic combinations were compared in captive patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas). Seven patas monkeys were hand-injected with medetomidine (40 microg/kg, i.m.), butorphanol (0.4 mg/kg. i.m.), and ketamine (3.0 mg/kg. i.m.), and seven were injected with the same dosages of medetomidine and butorphanol plus midazolam (0.3 mg/kg, i.m.). Heart rates decreased in monkeys in both treatment groups and were lower than those previously recorded in patas monkeys anesthetized with either ketamine or ketamine and isoflurane. Mean arterial pressures were highest in ketamine-treated monkeys but remained within normal limits for both groups. End tidal CO2 values increased gradually over time in both groups and were above physiologic norms after 20 min. Respiratory rates were similar between groups and remained constant throughout the procedures. Despite adequate ventilation parameters, initial low percent oxygen-hemoglobin saturation (SpO2) values were suggestive of severe hypoxemia. It was not clear whether these were accurate readings or an artifact of medetomidine-induced peripheral vasoconstriction. Oxygen supplementation restored SpO2 values to normal (>94%) in both groups. Both combinations effectively produced a state of light anesthesia, although spontaneous recoveries occurred after 30 min in three ketamine-treated monkeys. All monkeys were given i.m. atipamezole (0.2 mg/kg) and naloxone (0.02 mg/kg), whereas midazolam-treated monkeys also received flumazenil (0.02 mg/kg, i.v.), which resulted in faster (median recovery time = 5 min) and more complete recoveries in this group. Both combinations are safe to use when supplemented with oxygen, although the midazolam combination provided a longer anesthetic period and was more fully reversible. 相似文献
5.
Hugues Yvan Gomat Philippe Deleporte Régis Moukini Gladys Mialounguila Nina Ognouabi Aubin Rachel Saya Philippe Vigneron Laurent Saint-Andre 《Annals of Forest Science》2011,68(1):109-120
• Introduction
Stem taper equations have been widely used for volume estimation to varied top diameter limits or for biomass calculations. However, their main drawback is that specific calibration is often necessary for each species or clone, and accounting for genetic and environmental effects is often a challenge. 相似文献6.
Domestic animals belonging to seven different species (cattle, sheep, dogs, cats, pigs, chicken and goats) were investigated as natural reservoirs for attaching and effacing Escherichia coli (AEEC). For this, 2165 E. coli strains from faeces of 803 animals were examined for the presence of the intimin -(eae) gene as a characteristic of AEEC strains. Ten percent of the animals were found to excrete AEEC, most frequently found in sheep (19.2%) and pigs (17.6), followed by cattle (10.4%), dogs (7.2%), cats (6.5%) and poultry (2.3%). The 97 AEEC strains from animals were grouped into 44 serotypes. Only four E. coli serotypes (O2:H8, O26:[H11], O109:[H25] and O145:[H28] were found in more than one animal host species. AEEC O26:[H11] strains were most frequently isolated (13.4%) being present in cattle, poultry, pigs and sheep. A search for virulence markers associated with enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) revealed Shiga-toxin genes in three (3.1%) AEEC strains from sheep. Bundle forming pili genes as a trait of typical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) were detected in four (4.1%) strains from dogs and cats. The remaining 90 AEEC strains were classified as atypical EPEC. Typing of intimin genes revealed intimin beta being present in 51.5% of the strains, followed by intimins theta (23.7%), epsilon (6.2%), kappa (5.2%), zeta (5.2%), alpha, eta and iota (each 1.0%). Our data indicate that domestic animals and pets constitute an important natural reservoir of AEEC strains, and some of these (O26:[H11], O103:H2, O128:H2, O145:[H28] and O177:[H11]) are known to occur as pathogens in humans. 相似文献
7.
Mukherjee S Keitany G Li Y Wang Y Ball HL Goldsmith EJ Orth K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5777):1211-1214
Yersinia species use a variety of type III effector proteins to target eukaryotic signaling systems. The effector YopJ inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) signaling pathways used in innate immune response by preventing activation of the family of MAPK kinases (MAPKK). We show that YopJ acted as an acetyltransferase, using acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) to modify the critical serine and threonine residues in the activation loop of MAPKK6 and thereby blocking phosphorylation. The acetylation on MAPKK6 directly competed with phosphorylation, preventing activation of the modified protein. This covalent modification may be used as a general regulatory mechanism in biological signaling. 相似文献
8.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity and reliability of the most recent adaptation of Block's full-diet food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) among a sample of Canadian women. DESIGN: Participants completed a self-administered FFQ (FFQ1), two unannounced 24-hour recalls (weekday and weekend) and a second FFQ (FFQ2) between October 2003 and February 2004. FFQs and recalls were analysed for 32 nutrients using Block Dietary Data Systems and the University of Minnesota's Nutrient Data System. Mean and median intakes were computed, along with crude and deattenuated Pearson correlation coefficients between FFQ1 and the average of two recalls (validity) and between FFQ1 and FFQ2 (reliability). SETTING: Ontario, Canada. SUBJECTS: A random population-based sample (n = 166) of women aged 25 to 74 years. RESULTS: One hundred and fifteen (69%) women completed FFQ1, 96 completed FFQ1 and both recalls, and 93 completed both FFQs, about 56 days apart. Mean intakes were similar for most nutrients. FFQ reliability was high, with Pearson correlation coefficients having a median of 0.75, ranging from 0.57 to 0.90 (macronutrients) and from 0.65 to 0.88 (micronutrients from supplements and food). FFQ validity was moderate to high, with deattenuated Pearson correlation coefficients having a median of 0.59, ranging from 0.11 to 0.73 (macronutrients) and from 0.50 to 0.76 (micronutrients from supplements and food). Our micronutrient correlations were similar to or higher than those of other studies that included supplements. Two correlations <0.40 were associated with fats. CONCLUSIONS: The validity and reliability of this full-diet version of the Block FFQ were moderate to high, supporting its use in future studies among Canadian women. 相似文献
9.
Marília Hauser Carolina R.C. Doria Roberto V. Santos Aurea García‐Vasquez Marc Pouilly Christophe Pcheyran Emmanuel Ponzevera Gislene Torrente‐Vilara Sylvain Brail Jacques Panfili Audrey Darnaude Jean‐Franois Renno Carmen García‐Dvila Jesus Nuez Franck Ferraton Gladys Vargas Fabrice Duponchelle 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(3):397-408
10.