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排序方式: 共有121条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mona Saleh Ehab Essawy Mohamed Shaalan Shaaban Osman Fatma Ahmed Mansour El-Matbouli 《Marine drugs》2022,20(7)
Marine bio-sourced chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP) are antimicrobial and immunomodulatory agents beneficial for fish medicine. Herein, dietary CSNP was investigated for the amelioration of the systemic inflammatory responses of an induced fish model. One hundred and forty-four rainbow trout were assigned to one pathogen-free and non-supplemented group (negative control), and three challenged groups: non-supplemented (positive control), CSNP-preventive, and CSNP-therapeutic. After a feeding experiment extended for 21 days, the organosomatic indices (OSI) and molecular aspects were assessed. After a challenge experiment extended for further 28 days, CSNP-therapeutic intervention was assessed on fish survival and systemic inflammatory responses on pathology, histo-morphology, and molecular aspects. With CSNP administration, OSI nonsignificantly decreased and the relative expression of targeted inflammatory-mediator genes was significantly increased. The CSNP-therapeutic fish showed an RPS of 80% as compared to the positive control group, and CSNP-therapeutic administration retained the highest gene expression augmentation up to 28 days after the challenge. Notably, the splenic reticulin fibers framework of the CSNP-therapeutic group retained the highest integrity among the groups during the infection. After recovery, reticulin fibers density in the CSNP-therapeutic samples was significantly higher than in the negative control group, which indicates high innate immunity. Thus, CSNP showed promising biotherapeutic features enhancing fish resistance against infections. 相似文献
2.
An 8‐week feeding experiment was conducted in a water flow‐through system (26–28 °C) to determine the dietary threonine requirement of fingerling Labeo rohita (3.90±0.03 cm; 0.58±0.02 g). Growth, feed utilization and body composition of fish fed test diets (40% crude protein; 17.9 kJ g?1 gross energy) with graded levels of l ‐threonine (0.75%, 1.0%, 1.25%, 1.50%, 1.75% and 2.0% dry diet) to apparent satiation were response variables used to assess threonine adequacy. Diets were made isonitrogenous and isoenergetic by adjusting the levels of glycine and dextrin. The amino acid profiles of the test diets were formulated to that of 40% whole chicken egg protein except for threonine. The performance of fish fed experimental diets was evaluated using calculated values for weight gain (g fish?1), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and protein productive value (PPV) data. Maximum weight gain (g fish?1) (1.79), lowest FCR (1.39), highest PER (1.76) and PPV (0.33) were recorded at 1.50 g per 100 g dietary threonine. Statistical analysis of weight gain, FCR, PER and PPV data reflected significant differences (P<0.05) among treatments. Except for reduced growth performance in fish fed threonine‐deficient diets, no deficiency signs were noted. Weight gain, FCR, PER and PPV data were also analysed using second‐degree polynomial regression analysis to obtain a more accurate threonine requirement estimate, which was found, using each response variable, to be at 1.70, 1.63, 1.65 and 1.51 g per 100 g of dry diet, corresponding to 4.2, 4.07, 4.12 and 3.77 g per 100 g of dietary protein respectively. Based on the second‐degree polynomial regression analysis of the live weight gain, FCR, PER and PPV data, the optimum dietary level of threonine for fingerling L. rohita was found to be in the range of 1.51–1.70 g per 100 g of the dry diet, corresponding to 3.77–4.2 g per 100 g of dietary protein. 相似文献
3.
Les variations pluriannuelles de la croissance végétative (orthotrope et plagiotrope) et de la production et du taux d'infestation des citrus par Tylenchulus semipenetrans suivent une évolution cyclique et des amplitudes décalées les unes par rapport aux autres. Ces variations présentent deux phases distinctes. La première se caractérise par une diminution de la population des nématodes dans les racines, une augmentation de la croissance plagiotrope aux dépens de la croissance orthotrope et une production annuelle stable. La deuxième phase se caractérise par contre par une augmentation de l'infestation, une croissance orthotrope plus dominante et une alternance annuelle de la production des agrumes. L'intervention chimique à l'aldicarbe permet de réduire l'incidence des nématodes sur les agrumes, mais seuls les traitements appliqués au cours de la deuxième phase sont efficaces contre les nématodes. 相似文献
4.
Hanen Bouaziz Kamel Jammoussi Fatma Ayedi Najiba Zeghal 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2006,86(3):124-130
In this investigation, we have evaluated the effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on hepatic function in pregnant and lactating mice and their suckling pups. Experiments were carried out on female Wistar mice given 500 ppm sodium fluoride (226 ppm fluoride ion) in their drinking water from the 15th day of pregnancy until day 14 after delivery. All mice were sacrificed on day 14 after parturition. Our results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of total protein and albumin, a marked hypoglycaemia and a significant decline in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in fluoride-treated mice and their pups. Whereas globulin and biluribin levels in serum were not significantly changed by NaF treatment. On the other hand, serum transaminase activities (aspartate transaminase; alanine transaminase), which well known as markers of liver function, were elevated indicating hepatic cells’ damage after treatment with fluoride. Lipid peroxidation increased in NaF-treated mice and pups, as revealed by high liver malondialdehyde levels, while serum total antioxidant status showed a significant decline. These biochemical modifications in NaF-treated mice also correspond histologically with extensive ballooning, hepatocellular necrosis and infiltration of mononuclear cells. These effects were not observed in controls. 相似文献
5.
?zge Turna YILMAZ T. Seval Fatma TOYDEMIR ?smail KIR?AN Banu DOKUZEYLUL Zeynep GUNAY Esra KARACAM 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(12):1595-1601
The analgesic effect of wound
infiltration with bupivacaine was evaluated in cats undergoing bilateral mastectomy.
Twenty-one female cats with mammary gland tumors were anesthetized with propofol and
oxygen-isoflurane anesthesia following premedication with atropine. In the trial group
(Group I; n=11), 30 ml of saline containing 2 mg/kg of bupivacaine was
infiltrated topically into the surgical wound right after removal of the mammary glands,
whereas only saline solution was infiltrated in the control group (Group II; n=10). At the
same time, carprofen (4 mg/kg) was also administered subcutaneously in both groups.
Behavioral signs of pain were monitored during the recovery period after general
anesthesia. In order to examine the behavioral changes associated with acute pain, a
questionnaire was prepared and given to the owners to be completed 4 hr and then 10 hr
after the operation. According to the owners’ anwers to the questionnaire, a pain score
was specified using a “numerical rating scale” for each cat. Although some cats showed
mild to moderate pain, the pain score recorded at 4 hr after the operation was
significantly lower in Group I (P<0.001). No significant difference
was found at 10 hr after the operation between the groups. The incidence of vocalization,
aggression and convulsion within 2 hr after the operation was also lower in Group I. In
conclusion, wound infiltration with bupivacaine before incisional closure provided
reliable analgesia at least 4 hr after bilateral radical mastectomy in cats. 相似文献
6.
Fatma Basyoni Salem 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1991,60(1-2):27-33
The proposed method is used for determination of trace amounts of phosphate in water samples especially of Dakahlia Governorate. The recommended procedure is based on the formation of molydophosphoric acid which upon, selective reduction with the reducing agent oxalyldihydrazide produces a blue color due to the molybdenum blue. The intensity of the blue color is proportional to the amount of phosphate initially incorporated in the heteropoly acid. The resulting blue complex could be determined in the range of 2.25 to 22.46 μg P with molar absorptivity of 33418 L?1 mol?1 cm?1 at 880 nm. The reduction of phosphomolybdate complex by oxalyldihydrazide is chosen in the work and the result is compared with those obtained with the reducing agent potassium antimonyl tartrate, the reduction methods are frequently recommended for manual analysis of waters and wastes for P. 相似文献
7.
Filiz Demir Fatma Gökce UzunDilek Durak Yusuf Kalender 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,99(1):77-81
This study examined the effects of chlorpyrifos in the rat erythrocyte antioxidant system and evaluated the ameliorating effects of catechin and quercetin on the oxidative damage induced by chlorpyrifos. Sexually mature male Wistar rats were given chlorpyrifos (5.4 mg/kg, 1/25 of the oral LD50), catechin (20 mg/kg), quercetin (20 mg/kg), catechin plus chlorpyrifos, and quercetin plus chlorpyrifos daily via gavage for four weeks. No statistical differences were found in the catechin-only and quercetin-only groups compared with the control group. By the end of the fourth week, chlorpyrifos alone increased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities compared with the control group in rat erythrocytes. In the catechin-plus-chlorpyrifos and quercetin-plus-chlorpyrifos groups, there were statistically significantly decreased MDA levels and increased SOD, CAT, and GPx activities compared with the chlorpyrifos-only group. Thus, it appears that catechin and quercetin ameliorate chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes in vivo. 相似文献
8.
In this study, the interaction between crop load and irrigation level on yield, fruit size, skin color and stem-end splitting fruit ratio in the apple cultivar ‘Gala, Galaxy’ grafted on rootstock M9 were investigated. Six irrigation programs were applied during the whole growth season: deficit irrigation (rates of 0.25 kc, 0.50 kc, 0.75 kc), full irrigation (rate of 1.00 kc), excess irrigation (rate of 1.25 kc) and non-irrigation (rates of 0.00 kc of “Class A” pan evaporation coefficient). Four crop loads in each irrigation application were performed by hand thinning after the June drop as a- a low crop load (3 fruits cm?2 TCA), b- a medium crop load (5 fruits cm?2 TCA), c- a heavy crop load (7 fruits cm?2 TCA), and d- an un-thinned crop load (>?7 fruits cm?2 TCA). The total tree yield increased with crop load and irrigation levels. Fruit size was significantly increased by the low crop load. Irrigation increased the fruit size compared to non-irrigation treatment. Further 0.75 kc, 1.00 kc and 1.25 kc irrigation treatments significantly increased the fruit length. Irrigation reduced the fruit flesh firmness. While the low crop load increased the skin red color, it decreased the fruit skin brightness. The yellowness of skin decreased with increasing in the irrigation amount. Irrigation reduced the skin brightness and yellowness, but it increased red color. Crop load and irrigation significantly affected the stem-end splitting fruit ratio. While the splitting fruit ratio increased with a decrease in the crop load, it decreased with an increase in irrigation amount, relatively. Consequently, the low and medium crop load treatments would be beneficial to increase the ratio of marketable fruits without any significant losses in yield for ‘Gala’ apple, especially under 0.75 kc deficit irrigation treatment. 相似文献
9.
Yusuf Ucar Abdullah Kadayıfcı Mehmet Atilla Aşkın Abdullah Kankaya Ulaş Şenyiğit Fatma Yıldırım 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2016,58(3):169-175
This study was conducted in 2007 and 2008 in order to determine the effects of irrigation frequency on the yield and quality parameters of dwarf trees of the apple cultivar ‘Gala, Galaxy’ in the first and second year of cultivation. Irrigation water was applied at 3?, 5?, 7?, and 10-day intervals as much as the amount of water consumed from the field capacity. Statistical analysis revealed that the effects of irrigation frequency on yield were significant. Since the trees used in the experiment showed mainly vegetative growth, the effects of irrigation frequency on the fruit quality characteristics varied. Irrigation water amount was applied as 355.7–446.5 mm and 359.2–538.9 mm to the experimental treatments in 2007 and 2008, respectively. The evapotranspiration measured was in the range 400.7–491.5 mm in 2007 but in the range 440.2–600.5 mm in 2008, while the yields in the same years ranged from 1.54 to 2.84 t ha?1 and from 2.61 to 6.06 t ha?1. Water use efficiency varied between 2.40 and 4.80 t ha?1mm?1 in the first year of the experiment but between 3.45 and 7.08 t ha?1mm?1 in the second year. The I2 treatment, in which the highest yield and water use efficiency were recorded in both years of the experiment under the experimental conditions, was determined as the irrigation scheduling. 相似文献
10.
Ahmed S. A. Abbas Eman El-Wazzan Amal R. Khafage Abdel-Fattah M. El-Sayed Fatma A. Abdel Razek 《Aquaculture International》2018,26(5):1297-1309
Studies considering broodstock conditioning of Ruditapes decussatus mostly used flagellates and diatoms for feeding, mainly Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros calcitrans, respectively. The present study evaluated the effect of different microalgal diets on gonadic maturation of R. decussatus including three microalgae species (C. calcitrans, Tetraselmis suecica, and Nannochloropsis oculata) which were used to prepare six diets: three monospecific and three bispecific mixed diets at a proportion of 1:1. Clams were daily fed at a ratio of 1% dry weight of algae/live weight of clam and unfed treatment was used as control. Results showed that clams fed C. calcitrans alone or mixed with T. suecica attained earlier full maturity with the highest response to spawning induction (after 34 conditioning days) and largest proportion in the partial spawning phase for both, followed by T. suecica alone after 48 days. In contrast, N. oculata alone or mixed diets demonstrated poor performance for gonadal maturation. Unfed treatment did not show any sign of maturation. The results indicated that T. suecica has high conditioning potential like C. calcitrans and their mixture gave the highest benefit. Therefore, T. suecica can be recommended for R. decussatus broodstock conditioning. 相似文献