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排序方式: 共有57条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Hanne Fjerdingby Olsen Saija Tenhunen Nils Ivar Dolvik Dag Inge Våge Gunnar Klemetsdal 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2020,69(1-2):118-126
ABSTRACTThe Fjord horse originates from Norway but forms a global population due to several small populations in foreign countries. There exists no information about the additive relationship and the genetic variance between these subpopulations. By collecting blood samples from Norwegian and Swedish Fjord horses, a sample of 311 Norwegian and 102 Swedish horses gave 485,918 SNPs available for analysis. Their inbreeding coefficients were calculated and compared to the pairwise coancestry and the shared genomic segments. The effective population size was almost similar with the two methods in the Norwegian Fjord horse population (63 and 71), but very different in the Swedish population (269 and 1136) and unprecise due to a much smaller number of observations. The study showed that coancestry from shared genomic segments can be used to estimate additive genetic relationship and genetic variation within and between the global populations of the Fjord horse. 相似文献
2.
Arnon Dag Zohar Kerem Nir Yogev Issac Zipori Shimon Lavee Eric Ben-David 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
Harvesting plays a major role in the virgin olive oil production line, being the most expensive single component, but also due to its significant effect on the whole year's produce. Previous studies have focused on the effects of harvest timing on either oil yield or quality. Here we determined the separate and combined effects of harvesting date, fruit maturation, cultivar and fruit load on olive oil quality and quantity. Cultivars typical to the Middle East region were selected: the traditional cv. Souri and the newer cv. Barnea, grown under intensive conditions. The results demonstrate fundamental differences between the two cultivars with respect to harvest strategy. In high-yielding ‘Barnea’, oil accumulation continued throughout the ripening season resulting in increasing yield of oil with time while maintaining high quality. Hence, exploiting the production potential in ‘Barnea’ requires late harvest and advanced fruit maturity. However, in heavily loaded ‘Souri’, oil accumulation was accompanied by early massive shedding of fruits. Furthermore, late harvest and advanced maturation in ‘Souri’ were associated with a sharp increase in free fatty acids combined with a rapid decline in polyphenol content, and in MUFA to PUFA and saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratios, all resulting in loss of oil quality. Rapid decline in oil yield coupled with deterioration of oil quality call for early harvesting at low maturity index in ‘Souri’. In medium-yielding trees of both cultivars, maturation progressed more rapidly, resulting in earlier harvest to utilize optimal oil potential. 相似文献
3.
Bioassays with UV-irradiated surface waters from two humic localities revealed a consistent pattern with phytoplankton production being stimulated at moderate doses (1.1.–5.4 J cm?2, 312 nm), but with a transition to severe growth inhibition at increasing doses (>10 J cm?2). Phytoplankton (Selenastrum capricornutum) was inoculated after the irradiation treatment, and the observed growth response gave support to the hypothesis of long-lasting algicidal effects induced by UV-radiation. High UV-doses apparently also liberated nutrients and metals (Al) complexed by humus. Since the applied UV312-doses corresponded to mid-summer solar intensity, the results suggest both chemical and ecological implications, and that these effects have a non-linear response on UV-dose. Conversely no effects were detected on dark respiration or during corresponding bioassays with the crustacean zooplankton Daphnia magna. 相似文献
4.
Dvash L Afik O Shafir S Schaffer A Yeselson Y Dag A Landau S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(19):5283-5287
This paper reports the application of near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to determine the concentration in honey of perseitol, a sugar that is specific to avocado honey. Reference values for perseitol were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis in 109 honey samples. Although the average concentration of perseitol in honey samples was only 0.48%, accurate prediction equations were successfully developed. The regression model of modified partial least squares was superior to that of principal component regressions. Calibrations based on the first or second derivative of Log(1/R) were equally good (R(2) > 0.95). Using half of the samples for calibration and the second half for validation, the correlation between actual and predicted values of the second half was satisfactory (R(2) = 0.87), the slope did not differ from 1, bias was low (0.005%), and the standard error of prediction was relatively low (0.13%). It was concluded that NIRS analysis may be used to detect to what extent honeybees have harvested avocado nectar but not to authenticate avocado honey as unifloral. 相似文献
5.
Trichoderma Biocontrol of Colletotrichum acutatum and Botrytis cinerea and Survival in Strawberry 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Stanley Freeman Dror Minz Inna Kolesnik Olga Barbul Aida Zveibil Marcel Maymon Yehuda Nitzani Benny Kirshner Dalia Rav-David Alon Bilu Arnon Dag Sharoni Shafir Yigal Elad 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2004,110(4):361-370
Trichoderma isolates are known for their ability to control plant pathogens. It has been shown that various isolates of Trichoderma, including T. harzianum isolate T-39 from the commercial biological control product TRICHODEX, were effective in controlling anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) and grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) in strawberry, under controlled and greenhouse conditions. Three selected Trichoderma strains, namely T-39, T-161 and T-166, were evaluated in large-scale experiments using different timing application and dosage rates for reduction of strawberry anthracnose and grey mould. All possible combinations of single, double or triple mixtures of Trichoderma strains, applied at 0.4% and 0.8% concentrations, and at 7 or 10 day intervals, resulted in reduction of anthracnose severity; the higher concentration (0.8%) was superior in control whether used with single isolates or as a result of combined application of two isolates, each at 0.4%. Only a few treatments resulted in significant control of grey mould. Isolates T-39 applied at 0.4% at 2 day intervals, T-166 at 0.4%, or T-161 combined with T-39 at 0.4% were as effective as the chemical fungicide fenhexamide. The survival dynamics of populations of the Trichoderma isolates (T-39, T-105, T-161 and T-166) applied separately was determined by dilution plating and isolates in the mixtures calculated according to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using repeat motif primers. The biocontrol isolates were identified to the respective species T. harzianum (T-39), T. hamatum (T-105), T. atroviride (T-161) and T. longibrachiatum (T-166), according to internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis. 相似文献
6.
Dag Inge Våge Ingrid Olsaker Helge Klungland Luis Gomez-Raya Sigbjørn Lien 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(1):56-63
A male bovine linkage map was constructed using six half-sib families of the Norwegian Cattle population. The family material consisted of six sires and 285 sons, with the number of sons per sire ranging from 32 to 71. Of the 288 markers analysed, 261 were anonymous microsatellites and 27 were coding genes. Eleven of the coding genes were mapped by a two-step procedure involving intron/exon sequencing in the six sires and development of polymerase chain reaction-based methods for efficient genotyping in heterozygous families. Linkage analysis including both informative and non-informative sons was performed in order to obtain unbiased estimates of recombination fractions. The autosomal genome length of the Norwegian Cattle Map (NCM) was estimated as 2682 cM, with an average interval of 12.5 cM. The map provides sufficient marker density for scanning the whole bovine genome to locate quantitative trait loci. The large number of common markers between NCM and previously published maps will contribute to the comparison and integration of bovine maps. 相似文献
7.
A. Lindner S. Dag Erginsoy S. Kissenbeck H. Mosen U. Hetzel W. Drommer V. E. Chamizo J. L. L. Rivero 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2013,97(2):374-386
The effects of three different blood‐guided conditioning programmes on ultrastructural and histochemical features of the gluteus medius muscle of 2‐year‐old sport horses were examined. Six non‐trained Haflinger horses performed three consecutive conditioning programmes of varying lactate‐guided intensities [velocities eliciting blood lactate concentrations of 1.5 (v1.5), 2.5 (v2.5) and 4 (v4) mm respectively] and durations (25 and 45 min). Each conditioning programme lasted 6 weeks and was followed by a 5‐week resting period. Pre‐, post‐ and deconditioning muscle biopsies were analysed. Although training and detraining adaptations were similar in nature, they varied significantly in magnitude among the three different conditioning programmes. Overall, the adaptations consisted in significant increases in size of mitochondria and myofibrils, as well as a hypertrophy of myofibrillar ATPase type IIA muscle fibres and a reduction in number of type IIx low‐oxidative fibres. Together, these changes are compatible with a significant improvement in both muscle aerobic capacity and muscle strength. The use of v1.5 and v2.5 as the exercise intensities for 45 min elicited more significant adaptations in muscle, whereas conditioning horses at v4 for 25 min evoked minimal changes. Most of these muscular adaptations returned towards the pre‐conditioning status after 5 weeks of inactivity. It is concluded that exercises of low or moderate intensities (in the range between v1.5 and v2.5) and long duration (45 min) are more effective for improving muscle features associated with stamina and power in sport horses than exercises of higher intensity (equivalent to v4) and shorter duration (25 min). 相似文献
8.
Fuel accounts for more than 35% of transport costs in Swedish forestry, and reduced fuel consumption would provide immediate economic and environmental benefits. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of road gradient, curvature and surface roughness on fuel consumption of a conventional 60-ton logging truck. The study used a 320-km test track on both public and forest roads. The track was driven with various load weights in both dry summer and wet autumn conditions. Fuel consumption data were retrieved from the truck's CAN-bus system, and road data were measured with a profilograph. Average fuel consumption was 71.4?litres/100?km. A regression analysis showed that the most important factor was the interaction between vehicle weight and gradient, explaining the 86% increase between empty and fully loaded truck. In addition, the regression analysis quantified the individual effects of undulation, curvature and surface roughness, explaining the 107% increase in fuel consumption between the highest and lowest road class. Results from the proposed regression model (R2 of 84% for a road section length of 1000?m) were consistent with predictions given by the European ARTEMIS model, and the proposed model can be used to improve cost estimation and route selection. 相似文献
9.
Introduction
Equilibrium passive samplers consisting of 55-μm polyoxymethylene (POM) and 170-μm polydimethylsiloxane were tested for the analysis of polychlorinated dibenzodioxin/furan (PCDD/F) in the pore water and overlying water of the Frierfjord, a bay in southern Norway. This fjord is heavily polluted with PCDD/Fs due to emissions from a former Mg smelter. 相似文献10.
Unequal deployment of clones to seed orchards by considering genetic gain, relatedness and gene diversity 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Related clones in seed orchards lead to inbreeding depressionand reduced genetic value of the seeds. This study aims to developthe methodology for deployment of related clones to seed orchardswhen the breeding value and the pedigree are available for eachcandidate. The following goals were considered: high geneticgain, high genetic gain adjusted for predicted inbreeding depression(net gain), high gene diversity, and high effective clone number.The selection strategies included truncation selection withor without relatedness restrictions, maximizing genetic gain(linear deployment) with or without restrictions on relatednessand maximizing net gain. The selection strategies were appliedto Norway spruce seed orchard candidates evaluated in clonaltests. The material comprised full-sib and half-sib relationships.Comparisons were made both at the same gene diversity and atthe effective clone number. Maximizing net gain by unequal rametnumber deployment resulted in considerable higher net gain anda considerable reduction of related ramets in many comparisons.Linear deployment restricted against related clones comparedat the same status number resulted in almost as high net gain.Reduction in gene diversity may be a more important reason toavoid relatives in seed orchards than the subsequent inbreedingfor achieving a high net gain. 相似文献