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This report describes three cases of bilateral macrophakia in 3-, 5-, and 9-year-old cats, respectively. All cats were presented because of visual deficits. Ophthalmic examination revealed macrophakia (the vitreous was replaced by the lens) and retinal changes (tapetal hyper-reflectivity, attenuation of retinal vessels, and retinal folds) in all cats. In addition, bilateral subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse in one cat and microphthalmos in another cat were present. To confirm the ophthalmologic diagnosis of macrophakia, gross pathology examination in one cat and ultrasound examination in another cat were performed. 相似文献
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Rebecca Marie Ellul Cecilie Walde Gyri Teien Haugland Heidrun Wergeland Anita Rnneseth 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(1):35-46
The incidence of disease caused by Pasteurella sp. in farmed lumpsuckers in Norway has been steadily increasing in recent years, causing significant economic losses and fish welfare issues. The disease affects all life stages, both in hatcheries and after release into salmon cages. Therefore, it is important to establish robust challenge models, to be used for vaccine development. Exposure experiments via intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection underlined the high virulence of the bacteria, whereas the cohabitation and bath models allowed the chronic symptoms of the disease to be studied more accurately. Skin lesions and haemorrhage at the base of fins were observed in the more acute cases of the disease. Symptoms including white spots over the skin, especially around the eyes, characterized the chronic cases. The latter were most prominent from the bath challenge model. Histopathology indicated a systemic pattern of disease, whereas qPCR analysis from head kidney showed that bacteria may be present in survivor fish at the end of the challenges. In all the challenge models investigated, Pasteurella sp. was re‐isolated from the fish, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. These findings highlight the importance of screening of lumpsuckers prior to transfer to minimize the risks of carrying over asymptomatic carriers. 相似文献
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Halldor Felde Berg Heidi Cecilie Larsen Spång Bjørg Heringstad Erik Ropstad Anne Hege Alm-Kristiansen Elisabeth Kommisrud 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(3):401-404
An extended lifespan of spermatozoa following artificial insemination (AI) can make the timing of insemination less critical, as previously demonstrated with immobilized spermatozoa that are gradually released from an alginate gel. The purpose was to examine the in vivo dissolution of SpermVital (SV) alginate gel over time by endoscopy and secondly to assess spermatozoa quality after incubation of the gel. In vivo endoscopy showed SV gel in the uterus 3, 6, 20 and 24 hr after AI, demonstrating the potential release of spermatozoa to the uterus during this period. In utero ex vivo incubation of the semen demonstrated that high motility and viability of sperm cells was sustained following overnight incubation. 相似文献
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Ida Cecilie Jensen Rikke Reisner Hansen Christian Damgaard Joachim Offenberg 《Pest management science》2023,79(7):2415-2422
BACKGROUND
Ants can become efficient biocontrol agents in plantation crops as they prey on pest insects and may inhibit plant pathogens by excreting broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, ants also provide a disservice by augmenting attended honeydew producing homopterans. This disservice may be avoided by offering ants artificial sugar as an alternative to honeydew. Here we tested the effect of artificial sugar feeding on aphid abundance in an apple plot with wood ants (Formica polyctena, Förster), and tested the effect of ant presence on apple scab (Venturia inaequalis, Cooke) disease incidence.RESULTS
Over a 2-year period, sugar feeding eliminated ant-attended aphid populations on the apple trees. Furthermore, scab symptoms on both leaves and apples were reduced considerably on ant trees compared to control trees without ants. The presence of ants on the trees reduced leaf scab infections by 34%, whereas spot numbers on fruits were reduced by between 53 and 81%, depending on apple variety. In addition, the spots were 56% smaller.CONCLUSION
This shows that problems with wood ant-attended homopterans can be solved and that ants can control both insect pests and plant pathogens. We therefore propose wood ants as a new effective biocontrol agent suitable for implementation in apple orchards and possibly other plantation crops. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献9.
Effects of three commercial diets on growth,cataract development and histopathology of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.)
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Albert K D Imsland Patrick Reynolds Thor Magne Jonassen Thor Arne Hangstad Tor Anders Elvegård Tonje Cecilie Urskog Bjørn Mikalsen 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(9):3131-3141
Three duplicate groups of individually tagged lumpfish (mean initial weight: 20.0 ± 4.0 g) were fed three commercially available diets (A, B and C) for a period of 147 days. There were significant differences in growth rates between the groups with fish fed diet A having the highest growth rates whilst fish fed diet C achieved the lowest growth. Lumpfish fed diets A and B had lower prevalence and severity of cataracts compared with fish fed diet C, suggesting a possible dietary effect on cataract, alone or in combination with other environmental factors. There was a significant difference in the degree of liver vacuolization between the three dietary treatments at the end of the study period with fish fed diets A and B showing moderate to severe vacuolization compared with liver tissue from fish fed diet C, which had milder vacuolizations. There was little or no inflammation in pyloric caeca, midgut and hindgut and similarly for epithelial necrosis or vacuolization for all three dietary treatments at the end of the study. Fish fed diet A had the longest intestinal folds whilst fish fed diet C had the shortest. 相似文献
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Justin M. Renkema G. Christopher Cutler Derek H. Lynch Kenna MacKenzie Sandra J. Walde 《Journal of pest science》2011,84(3):281-287
Mulching can be beneficial for organic highbush blueberry production, but its effects on insect pests have received little
attention. For pests that pupate in soil, depth may affect pupation success due to differences in temperature and moisture,
mortality factors such as predation, or efficacy of controls such as insecticidal soil drenches. We examined how mulch type
and moisture affect pupation depth for Rhagoletis mendax Curran (blueberry maggot), an important pest of blueberries. In laboratory studies, pupation depth was measured in wood waste
compost, uncomposted pine needles, soil and sand, each at dry, field moisture levels and wet, 99% water holding capacity conditions.
Pupation occurred more deeply but with greater variability in pine needle mulch compared to compost mulch, soil, or sand.
Approximately 50% of maggots pupated on the surface of wet soil, however, maggots burrowed more deeply in wet than in dry
pine needles. Moisture level did not significantly affect pupation depth in compost or sand. Some larvae unexpectedly escaped
the stacks of cups used to assess pupation depth or died before forming a puparium. Less than 70% of stacks with dry pine
needles contained pupae, and fewer pupae were recovered from wet than dry compost and soil. These results suggest that mulch
material and/or moisture levels can have significant impacts on R. mendax pupation depth with potential implications for its management. 相似文献