Enhancement of tetrathiomolybdate-induced copper excretion in bile of sheep by the alpha 2-agonistic action of xylazine

The effect of intravenous doses of cortisol and xylazine on the quantity of copper excreted in response to 100 and 200 mg doses of tetrathiomolybdate (TTM) was studied in seven sheep. Cortisol alone produced a non-significant 1.4-fold increase and had no enhancing action on the response to TTM. Xylazine produced a significant 2.25-fold increase, doubled the quantity of copper excreted in response to both doses of TTM and reduced bile flow by approximately 35 per cent. The alpha 2 antagonist, idazoxan, prevented both the latter effects showing that they were due to xylazine's alpha 2-agonistic action. It is suggested that the combination of an alpha 2-agonist with the intravenous injection of TTM in the treatment of acute copper toxicity in sheep could reduced by 50 per cent the amount of molybdenum needed.     

重庆市近郊区县鸭传染性浆膜炎病病原分离鉴定及防治

通过对重庆近郊的沙坪坝区、北碚区、九龙坡区、永川市、璧山县、铜梁县的7个养鸭场病死鸭的病原分离,分离到三株细菌,经染色镜检、生化鉴定、动物回归实验,确诊为鸭里氏杆菌。药敏试验结果显示对庆大霉素、青霉素、链霉素、土霉素等高度敏感。在临床上交替使用这些药物,收到较好治疗效果。将分离菌制成灭活苗免疫1周龄的健康鸭,20日龄时用分离菌进行攻毒,平均保护率达83.3%。     

上海水牛生理生化指标的测定和分析

为研究上海水牛生理生化指标含量,选取精神良好、健康的上海水牛犊牛(1岁内)、青年牛(1-2岁)、成年牛(3岁以上),测定了生理指标、血液生理生化指标含量。结果显示,上海水牛的体重随月龄的增加显著增加(P＜0.05),而呼吸频率、心率无显著差异(P＞0.05)。在检测的22项血液生理指标含量中,有10项指标(平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、淋巴细胞百分比(%LYM)、单核细胞百分比(%MONO)、中性粒细胞百分比(%NEU)、嗜酸性粒细胞百分比(%EOS)、淋巴细胞(LYM)、单核细胞(MONO))含量差异显著(P＜0.05),其余12项指标(红细胞(RBC)、红细胞比容(HCT)、血红蛋白(HGB)、网织红细胞百分比(%RETIC)、网织红细胞(RETIC)、白细胞(WBC)、嗜碱性粒细胞百分比(%BASO)、中性粒细胞(NEU)、嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)、嗜碱性粒细胞(BASO)、血小板(PLT)、血小板压积(PCT))含量差异不显著(P＞0.05)。在检测的18项血液生化指标含量中,有9项指标(血糖(GLU)、肌酐(CREA)、磷离子(PHOS)、钙离子(Ca)、总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLOB)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、胆固醇(CHOL)、胰淀粉酶(AMYL))含量差异显著(P＜0.05),其余9项指标(尿素(UREA)、血尿素氮/肌酐比(BUN/CREA)、白蛋白(ALB)、白蛋白/球蛋白比(ALB/GLOB)、碱性磷酸酶(ALKP)、谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、甘油三酯(TRIG)、脂肪酶(LIPA))含量差异不显著(P＞0.05)。该研究可为上海水牛的选种选育、生长发育评估、营养状况评估、疾病诊断等提供参考。     

川西粉质黏土-衬砌接触面冻结强度规律研究

为揭示川西灌渠粉质黏土-衬砌接触面间冻结强度规律,针对川西地区灌渠渠基土开展了冻结作用下冻结温度、冻结时间、初始含水率、法向荷载4种影响因素在不同条件下的剪切试验.结果 表明:接触面间峰值抗剪强度与冻结温度、初始含水率变化呈负相关,与冻结时间、法向荷载变化呈正相关.此外,利用正交分析,揭示了4种因素对峰值抗剪强度影响的...     

Detection of arboviruses in Culicoides(Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) collected from animal farms in the border areas of Yunnan Province,China

Biting midges of the genus Culicoides(order Diptera, family Ceratopogonidae) are potential biological vectors for the transmission of certain arboviruses among humans, livestock, and wild animals. This study collected a total of 405 Culicoides individuals from seven animal farms located in five counties in the border areas of Yunnan Province, China, and examined the Culicoides species composition and the major arboviruses carried by the Culicoides species. The collected Culicoides were classified into seven species with variable abundances: Culicoides arakawae(5.43%, 22/405), Culicoides homotomus(1.23%, 5/405), Culicoides obsoletus(19.75%, 80/405), Culicoides orientalis(17.28%, 70/405), Culicoides oxystoma(29.38%, 119/405), Culicoides peregrinus(5.68%, 23/405), and Culicoides nipponensis(21.23%, 86/405). Among the seven species, C. oxystoma and C. nipponensis were distributed in all the five counties with abundances of 13.33–44.87% and 10.00–46.83%, respectively, suggesting that these were the dominant species of Culicoides widespread on animal farms in the border areas. PCR was used to detect major arboviruses in the collected Culicoides specimens, including bluetongue virus(BTV), Japanese encephalitis virus, Dengue virus, Zika virus, African swine fever virus, and African horse sickness virus. Among the tested viruses, only BTV serotype 1 was tested positive in C. oxystoma specimens collected from a buffalo farm. Culicoides oxystoma was the dominant species on animal farms in the sampled areas, but it has not previously been documented as positive for BTV in China. The current results thus suggest that C. oxystoma could be an important vector for BTV transmission in these border areas, which, however, needs to be confirmed by further comprehensive experiments. Overall, the present study provides the first profile of Culicoides species on animal farms in the China, Vietnam, and Myanmar border areas, establishes the prevalence of arboviruses carried by these Culicoides species, and suggests the vector potential of C. oxystoma species for the transmission of BTV.     

川西北高寒沙化草地围栏禁牧时段和恢复过程的耦合机理研究

川西北沙化草地在围栏禁牧生态恢复过程中,土壤中有机质、全氮、水解性氮变化特征,研究对象为:未修复沙化草地、围栏禁牧生态恢复时间分别为5年、10年的沙化草地,研究其不同围栏禁牧时间沙化草地0～40 cm土层土壤中有机质、全氮、水解性氮的变化.其结果表明,随着围栏禁牧时间的增长,各土层土壤有机质、全氮含量均增加,植被盖度、...     

锯缘青蟹血清凝集素的特性和盐析提取研究

对锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrate)血清凝集素的凝集特性进行了研究。结果显示:锯缘青蟹血清凝集素对人、兔、鼠、鸽子、中华鳖、鲫红细胞均有凝集作用,其中对小鼠红细胞凝集活性最强,血凝活性可达29;凝集素活性最适pH 6.0~7.4;盐度对凝集活力有较大影响,NaC l浓度在0.4~0.5 mol/L时基本失活;未纯化血清凝集素对Ca2+、Mg2+未表现出依赖性;凝集素活性能被N-乙酰葡萄糖胺特异性抑制。对青蟹血清凝集素进行硫酸铵分级沉淀分离后,发现凝集素活性主要分布在25%饱和度硫酸铵沉淀区,该组分凝集比活比血清高27.44倍,SDS-PAGE结果表明主要蛋白带型为79 ku、75 ku、72 ku。     

植物-土壤微生物反馈在草地演替过程中的作用机制

植物-土壤反馈影响生态系统结构、功能及过程,推动植物群落组成的变化,对解释植物群落的演替进程和方向、维持植物群落多样性和稳定性有着重要意义,已成为近年生物学和生态学研究热点。植物-土壤微生物反馈是植物-土壤反馈的重要组成部分。重点综述植物-土壤微生物反馈在植物群落演替过程中的作用机制,简要指出目前研究中存在的不足,并对未来研究中值得重点关注的科学问题进行了探讨与展望。     

樱桃小茎尖培养后的早熟变异与RAPD鉴定

樱桃品种Ｘｅｓｐｈｙｅ（Ｐｒｕｎｕｓ　ａｖｉｕｍ）的休眠芽通过小茎尖分生组织培养后,发现一株组培苗结果后成熟期明显早于Ｘｅｓｐｈｙｅ及同批其它试管苗,该株经无性繁殖试栽后早熟性状稳定,并且综合性状良好,具栽培价值,暂定名“早丹”。经ＲＡＰＤ技术鉴定,该早熟变异株的ＤＮＡ指纹图谱与原Ｘｅｓｐｈｙｅ品种不同,早熟变异株比原 Ｘｅｓｐｈｙｅ品种多扩增一条 ＯＰＵ０３－９５０ ＤＮＡ谱带,说明该株系发生了ＤＮＡ的变异。     

春季阶段性增温对小麦抗晚霜冻性和产量的影响

为揭示气候变暖下春季升温对小麦抗晚霜冻及产量的影响,在田间条件下,以黄淮海北片广适主栽小麦品种济麦22和山农28为试验材料,在返青-拔节期以塑料温棚日均增温0.86～0.9℃,连续增温28 d左右,至穗分化为药隔期前揭棚,研究不同气候年型下小麦产量对晚霜冻的响应,并以小麦叶片抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性、相对...