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S. CHATZIFOTIS I.
Vaz JUAN P. KYRIAZI P. DIVANACH M. PAVLIDIS 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2011,17(2):e90-e100
The present study investigates the effects of dietary carotenoid sources on the coloration of the red porgy, Pagrus pagrus. Red porgies (131.9 ± 16.2 g; mean ± SD) were fed for 12 weeks on five different diets supplemented with red carotenoids (mainly astaxanthin esters) supplied from Haematococcus pluvialis algae and yellow carotenoids (mainly β‐carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin) supplied from Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. and Spirulina, Spirulina pacifica. The carotenoid‐supplemented diets did not have any marked effect on the growth rate, the feed conversion ratio, the daily feeding rate, or the hepatosomatic index of red porgy. The biochemical indices measured in plasma including cholesterol, total proteins, glucose, lactate, phospholipids, non‐esterified fatty acids, triglycerides, and thyroid hormones did not differ significantly among groups. Diet did not affect significantly the melanophore‐area coverage, the melanin skin concentration and skin lightness. Carotenoid‐supplemented diets affected significantly the carotenoid deposition in the skin, the presence and distribution of erythorphores and xanthophores, and skin hue and chroma. Overall, data have shown the efficacy of Haematococcus algae in promoting a reddish coloration in red porgy. 相似文献
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S. CHATZIFOTIS F. KOKOU K. AMPATZIS I.E. PAPADAKIS P. DIVANACH C.R. DERMON 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(5):405-415
This study aims at examining the effect of caffeine administration on growth, feed efficiency, and consumption of sea bream (Sparus aurata), reared in winter temperatures. Moreover, it is questioned whether caffeine has a central action in the brain and its effects are partly mediated via central brain mechanisms. For this, we studied the influences of caffeine treatment on the cerebral pattern of the cholinergic neurotransmission and the novel neuromodulator nitric oxide (NO), by means of acetyl‐cholinesterase (AchE) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) histochemistry. Five different diets containing 0.0, 0.1, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 g caffeine kg?1 of diet were administrated to five groups of fish. Caffeine adversely affected sea‐bream growth at a concentration higher than 1 g kg?1 diet and increased feed conversion ratio in the treatments of 2 and 5 g kg?1 (P < 0.05). The daily consumption of feeds was similar to all groups, indicating that caffeine did not influence diet palatability. AChE‐ and NADPH‐diaphorase histochemistry showed densely labeled cells and fibers mainly in dorsal telencephalon, preoptic, pretectal, hypothalamic areas, optic tectum, reticular formation, cerebellum and motor nuclei. When compared with matched caffeine‐treated animals, no differences in the histochemical pattern and cell densities of cerebral AChE and NADPH‐diaphorase were found. 相似文献
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