Growth and nutrient conversion of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) and Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L. in an integrated closed recirculating system

We investigated the effects of the stocking density of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) on shrimp and tilapia growth and nutrient conversion in an integrated closed recirculating system both with and without Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A 2 × 3 factorial design involving tilapia presence/absence and shrimp stocking densities of 40, 80 and 120 m^?2 was applied, using a tilapia:shrimp ratio of 0.025. There were no significant interactions between tilapia presence and shrimp stocking density in terms of shrimp growth performance or feed utilization. The presence of tilapia had no effect on the shrimp growth rate, survival rate or total weight gain (%). Shrimp growth declined significantly with increased shrimp stocking density, but the growth of tilapia was not significantly different among the three shrimp densities tested. The conversion of feed nitrogen and phosphorus into total harvested animal biomass was significantly higher in the presence than in the absence of tilapia. The nutrient conversion rate at the lowest shrimp density (40 m^?2) was significantly higher than at the highest density tested (120 m^?2).