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1.
Riadh Badraoui Nouha Bouayed Abdelmoula Moncef Fki 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,88(2):149-155
Tetradifon is a potent organochlorine acaricide with an estrogen-like structure. The wide spread use of this chemical is likely to pollute the environment. Only few studies have been reported for the evaluation of its short- and long-term toxic effects including genotoxicity and carcinogenicity and there have been conflicting results in in vitro and in vivo test systems. In this work, we have evaluated Tetradifon for its ability to induce genotoxic damages in female Wistar rats. A single cumulative dose of 2430 mg/kg BW was administrated orally for 12 female rats of 190 g BW during 12 weeks. Twelve additional rats, no treated, have served as control. Animals were sacrificed after 6 and 12 weeks of treatment. Genetic toxicity studies were conducted in rats bone marrow, by chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) assays. The oxidative stress status of treated animals has been also evaluated by assessment of lipid peroxidation by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Some serum parameters: vitamins (A and E), triglyceride (TG) and total antioxidants status (TAS) were determined. Our results showed a significant increase in tissue TBARS concentrations in the two treated groups suggesting that Tetradifon induce an oxidative stress. Elsewhere, rats treated with Tetradifon exhibited a statistical decrease in serum level of vitamin E and a significant depletion of serum total antioxidant status. Whereas, in comparison to control rats, treated animal cells did not show a significant increase in either the frequency of SCEs or CAs. These results indicate that Tetradifon did not present direct genotoxic effect in female Wistar rats. But we suggest that its inducting of an oxidative stress may lead to indirect mutagenecity that should be evaluated by other series of in vivo genotoxicity assays as micronucleus test or comet assay. 相似文献
2.
Hanen Falleh Riadh KsouriFaten Medini Sylvain GuyotChedly Abdelly Christian Magné 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,34(1):1066-1071
Mesembryanthemum edule L. (sourfig, Aizoaceae) has long been used as food and in traditional medicine. This study was intended to characterize the antioxidant properties and the phenolic compounds of M. edule leaf, stem and root. The approach consisted to evaluate these organs for their antioxidant activities through several in vitro tests, to determine tissue contents in total phenolics, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins and to establish the phenolic composition through RP-HPLC analysis. All studied organs showed a high antioxidant activity as compared to positive control BHT, with maximal efficiency for stems followed by leaves and roots. The highest polyphenolic levels were found in stems and leaves (86.5 and 68.7 mg GAE g−1 DW, respectively), suggesting that their strong antioxidant activity could be attributed to these phytochemicals. The HPLC analysis revealed that the main phenolic compounds were quercitrin and avicularin (1.4 and 1.15 mg g−1 DW, respectively) in the leaves, while catechin and procyanidin B2 (1.66 and 1.54 mg g−1 DW, respectively) were the most abundant phenolics in the stems. Overall, the strong antioxidant activity and richness of M. edule aerial tissues suggest that it could be advantageously used as a functional or nutraceutical food, to prevent or moderate oxidative stress-related diseases. 相似文献
3.
Chatter R Ben Othman R Rabhi S Kladi M Tarhouni S Vagias C Roussis V Guizani-Tabbane L Kharrat R 《Marine drugs》2011,9(7):1293-1306
Neorogioltriol is a tricyclic brominated diterpenoid isolated from the organic extract of the red algae Laurencia glandulifera. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effects of neorogioltriol were evaluated both in vivo using carrageenan-induced paw edema and in vitro on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated Raw264.7 macrophages. The in vivo study demonstrated that the administration of 1 mg/kg of neorogioltriol resulted in the significant reduction of carregeenan-induced rat edema. In vitro, our results show that neorogioltriol treatment decreased the luciferase activity in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells, stably transfected with the NF-κB-dependent luciferase reporter. This effect on NF-κB activation is not mediated through MAPK pathways. The inhibition of NF-κB activity correlates with decreased levels of LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) present in neorogioltriol treated supernatant cell culture. Further analyses indicated that this product also significantly inhibited the release of nitric oxide and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells. These latter effects could only be observed for neorogioltriol concentrations below 62.5 μM. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing a molecule derived from Laurencia glandulifera with anti-inflammatory activity both in vivo and in vitro. The effect demonstrated in vitro may be explained by the inhibition of the LPS-induced NF-κB activation and TNFα production. NO release and COX-2 expression may reinforce this effect. 相似文献
4.
Inès Slama Rawya M’Rabet Riadh Ksouri Ons Talbi Ahmed Debez Chedly Abdelly 《Arid Land Research and Management》2017,31(4):404-417
Changes in growth, leaf contents of proline, oxidative stress-related parameters, and phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities were investigated in the halophyte species Sesuvium portulacastrum L. under saline conditions. Rooted cuttings were individually cultivated in sandy soil. After five weeks of pre-treatment, seedlings were submitted during one month to different salt concentrations ranging from 0 to 800?mM NaCl. The plant growth was significantly improved by salt at 200–600?mM concentration. This trend was associated with (i) the stimulation of photosynthetic activity, (ii) the protection of membrane integrity (leaf MDA content 50% lower than the control), and (iii) higher total antioxidant activity, especially at 400?mM NaCl. At this salt concentration plants accumulated high contents of proline, polyphenols, antocyanins, and carotenoids. These compounds could be implied in the protection of the photosynthetic system and in the improvement of growth. Exposure to 800?mM NaCl impaired significantly photosynthesis, proline, polyphenol, antocyanin, and carotenoid accumulation. Yet, the strong antiradical activity (DPPH) observed at this extreme salinity might partly explain the plant survival. S. portulacastrum could be used in the rehabilitation and the stabilisation of saline or saline arid land. Additionally, under saline conditions, S. portulacastrum accumulate a large amount of proline and exhibits important antioxidant potentialities. 相似文献
5.
Valorization of three varieties of grape 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Moufida Saïdani Tounsi Ines Ouerghemmi Wissem Aidi Wannes Riadh Ksouri Hassene Zemni Brahim Marzouk Mohamed Elyes Kchouk 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,30(2):292-296
In the present investigation, seed methanolic extracts of three Vitis vinifera (Muscat d’Italie, Syrah and Carignan) were assayed for their antioxidant activities. Results showed that there are strong variations in the contents of total phenols (440.97–121.94 mg GAE g−1 DW), flavonoids (48.07–16.81 mg EC g−1 DW) and tanins (37.15–14.9 mg EC g−1 DW) from the studied seeds. The phenolic composition of these extracts was determined by RP–HPLC after acid hydrolysis. The main phenolic compound was quercetin with 27.2% in Muscat d’Italie, 48.8% in Syrah and 28.4% in Carignan. Besides, all seed extracts showed remarkable DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 values ranged from 1.8 to 30 μg ml−1. EC50 values of reducing power activity ranged from 100 to 120 μg ml−1. The high phenolic content and the considerable antioxidant activities of vitis seed extracts could potentially be considered as an expensive source of natural antioxidants. 相似文献
6.
Riadh Ksouri Sabah M'rah Mohamed Gharsalli Mokhtar Lachaâl 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(2):305-315
ABSTRACT Biochemical responses to direct or bicarbonate-induced iron (Fe) deficiency were compared in two Tunisian native grapevine varieties, Khamri (tolerant) and Balta4 (sensitive), and a tolerant rootstock, 140Ru. Woody cuttings of each genotype were irrigated with a nutrient solution containing one of the following: 20 μM Fe (control), 1 μM Fe (direct Fe-deficiency), or 20 μM Fe + 10 mM HCO3 ? (indirect bicarbonate-induced Fe-deficiency). Under direct Fe-deficient conditions, lower leaf chlorosis score and higher chlorophyll and leaf Fe contents were found in Khamri and 140Ru compared with Balta4. Moreover, indirect Fe deficiency caused similar effects on these parameters, which were more pronounced in Balta4. Both tolerant genotypes, Khamri and 140Ru, showed higher roots-acidification capacity and phenol release under the direct Fe deficiency compared with the bicarbonate-induced condition. In the sensitive variety, Balta4, no significant changes were found between the control and Fe-deficient plants. Root Fe(III)-reductase activity was strongly stimulated by both types of Fe deficiency in Khamri and 140Ru, and displayed no significant changes in Balta4. In the three genotypes, root and leaf activities of two Fe-containing enzymes, catalase and guaiacol peroxidase, were significantly affected under Fe deficiency (either direct or induced), though to a greater extent in the sensitive variety, Balta4. The latter also displayed higher leaf malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content, traducing an important membrane lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
7.
Riadh Marrouchi Evelyne Benoit Jean-Pierre Le Caer Nawel Belayouni Hafedh Belghith Jordi Molgó Riadh Kharrat 《Marine drugs》2013,11(12):4724-4740
Severe toxicity was detected in mussels from Bizerte Lagoon (Northern Tunisia) using routine mouse bioassays for detecting diarrheic and paralytic toxins not associated to classical phytoplankton blooming. The atypical toxicity was characterized by rapid mouse death. The aim of the present work was to understand the basis of such toxicity. Bioassay-guided chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry were used to detect and characterize the fraction responsible for mussels’ toxicity. Only a C17-sphinganine analog mycotoxin (C17-SAMT), with a molecular mass of 287.289 Da, was found in contaminated shellfish. The doses of C17-SAMT that were lethal to 50% of mice were 750 and 150 μg/kg following intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular injections, respectively, and 900 μg/kg following oral administration. The macroscopic general aspect of cultures and the morphological characteristics of the strains isolated from mussels revealed that the toxicity episodes were associated to the presence of marine microfungi (Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp. and Trichoderma sp.) in contaminated samples. The major in vivo effect of C17-SAMT on the mouse neuromuscular system was a dose- and time-dependent decrease of compound muscle action potential amplitude and an increased excitability threshold. In vitro, C17-SAMT caused a dose- and time-dependent block of directly- and indirectly-elicited isometric contraction of isolated mouse hemidiaphragms. 相似文献
8.
Riadh Ilahy Chafik Hdider Marcello S. Lenucci Imen Tlili Giuseppe Dalessandro 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
In this study, the antioxidant components and of six high-lycopene (Lyco 1, Lyco 2, HLY 02, HLY 13, HLY 18 and Kalvert) and one ordinary (Donald) tomato cultivars (cvs) grown simultaneously in an open-field of the Southern Italy were investigated. Lycopene, β-carotene, lutein, total phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid (AsA), dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and total vitamin C (AsA + DHA) contents, as well as hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant activities (HAA and LAA) were determined. Significant differences were detected among tomato cvs in all studied antioxidant components, as well as in the antioxidant activity of their hydrophilic and lipophilic fractions. High-lycopene tomato cvs showed higher lycopene, β-carotene, HAA and LAA when compared to cv Donald. Cv HLY 18 showed the highest lycopene and β-carotene content with 232.9 mg/kg fresh weight (fw) and 19.4 mg/kg fw, respectively. Except for Kalvert, high-lycopene tomato cvs also obtained higher total vitamin C levels, with cv HLY 13 top ranking with an average of 352.8 mg/kg fw. LAA ranged from 133.5 μM Trolox/100 g fw in cv Donald to 540.1 μM Trolox/100 g fw in cv Lyco 2 and was significantly correlated to lycopene (r = 0.53; p < 0.01) and β-carotene (r = 0.56; p < 0.01) contents. A variation between 2.7- and 4.0-fold was found in LAA of high-lycopene tomato cvs compared to Donald. HAA was significantly correlated to the amount of DHA (r = 0.61; p < 0.01) and total vitamin C (r = 0.60; p < 0.01). Although these data require confirmation over a longer period of time, this investigation suggests a promising use of the high-lycopene tomato cvs for the production of tomatoes with higher nutritional quality. 相似文献
9.
In preliminary experiments on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of citrus, we found transformation events occurring in callus formed from the cambium. Factors affecting Agrobacterium-sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) interactions, such as culture medium, explant source and culture conditions, were studied to assess competence for transformation in such callus and to improve transformation frequency. Cell divisions and redifferentiation from the transgenic cells leading to transformation events were stimulated more by a combination of benzylaminopurine (BAP) + naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) in the regeneration-selection medium than by BAP alone. Both age and source of the sour orange plant material affected transformation frequency. Explants from 4-month-old seedlings grown in the greenhouse showed higher transformation frequency than younger and older plant materials, indicating that they had a more suitable balance between dedifferentiated cells competent for transformation and Agrobacterium virulence. Enhancement of transformation frequency enabled us to incorporate the coat protein gene of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) in a sufficient number of sour orange plants to be able to evaluate this strategy for producing CTV-resistant plants. 相似文献
10.
Samia Oueslati Najla TrabelsiMondher Boulaaba Jean LegaultChedly Abdelly Riadh Ksouri 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):513-518
Antioxidants are the chemical substances that reduce or prevent oxidation. The present study aimed to assess in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activities of four acetonic extracts Tunisian halophytes (Suaeda fruticosa, Suaeda pruinosa, Suaeda mollis and Suaeda maritima). Various experimental models were used for characterization of antioxidant activities of shoot extracts. Eventually, the promising specie was subjected to phenolic identification using RP-HPLC. The analyzed shoot extracts exhibited that antioxidant activities varied considerably as function of species. The highest DPPH scavenging ability was found in S. mollis with the lowest IC50 value (2.5 μg/ml), followed by S. pruinosa, S. fruticosa and S. maritima. The same tendency was observed with ferric reducing power. Concerning β-carotene bleaching assays and total antioxidant activity, results showed that S. fruticosa exhibited the highest antioxidant ability against the inhibition of β-carotene bleaching, and a better total antioxidant capacity. Moreover antioxidant capacities using ORAC method and a cell based-assay showed that S. mollis, S. fruticosa, and S. pruinosa exhibit statistically similar antioxidant activity. The identification of phenolic compounds in S. mollis extract using RP-HPLC revealed that 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and rutin hydrate were the major molecules. These results suggested that Suaeda species showed a variability of their antioxidant activities. 相似文献