玉米秸秆消化率全基因组关联分析

48h体外干物质消化率（48h in vitro dry matter digestibility, 48h IVDMD）是衡量青贮玉米品质的重要指标。为了初步探究玉米秸秆消化率的分子遗传机理,以341份玉米自交系为材料,于2018年在沈阳和通辽种植,收获后测定秸秆48h IVDMD。利用全基因组重测序获得的6 276 612个高质量SNPs进行全基因组关联分析,共检测到153个与玉米秸秆消化率显著相关的SNPs位点（P<1.0×10^-6）,4个SNPs显著水平在P<1.0×10^-8以上;共找到38个秸秆消化率的候选基因,主要涉及细胞生长发育、防御反应和信号转导等生物学功能。     

镇江长江豚类省级自然保护区水域生态修复效果的监测与评价

自2006年以来,长江豚类极度濒危的生存状况得到广泛关注,在其自然保护区实施一系列生态修复工程,为镇江长江豚类省级自然保护区内的江豚提供良好的生存环境。于2015—2018年在和畅洲水域建设生态浮岛、人工鱼巢和放流底栖动物进行水域生态修复,对生态修复工程进行跟踪监测和效果评价。结果表明：生态浮岛的建设可提高区域内浮游植物和浮游动物的生物多样性和群落结构复杂程度;人工鱼巢对产黏性卵鱼类具有一定增殖效果,增殖种类主要为鲤、鲫、䱗和黄尾鲴;生态浮岛和人工鱼巢的建设对鱼类均有较好的聚集效果;底栖动物增殖放流显著增加了放流物种的丰度、生物量及保护区底栖动物群落生物量,增殖放流效果评价为中等。该自然保护区水域生态修复效果明显,为工程施工影响下水生生物保护区生态修复提供科学依据。     

Identification and quantification of anthocyanins in different coloured cultivars of ornamental kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC)

Anthocyanins are responsible for the colour of many fruits, vegetables, flowers, and coloured-leaved trees. Ornamental kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) is widely cultivated for its colourful inner leaves. To investigate the relationship between the degree of colouration and anthocyanin distribution, content, and composition in ornamental kale, the authors studied the pigment characteristics of five cultivars with different coloured leaves (white, pink, red, purple, and purple-black). Microscopy observation, spectrophotometer, and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis of fresh inner leaves revealed that pink, red, and purple colourations were associated with high levels of anthocyanin, while purple-black was the result of the combination of anthocyanins and chlorophyll. In the coloured cultivars, anthocyanins were abundant mainly in the first and second cell layers below the epidermis in both the hypocotyls and inner leaves. No anthocyanin was found in the white-leaved phenotype cultivar. Anthocyanin content increased as leaf colour deepened from pink, red, to purple cultivars, which had little chlorophyll and carotenoid. The authors identified eight anthocyanins in the four coloured cultivars, including one non-acylated, four monoacylated, and three diacylated cyanidin glycosides. Cyanidin-3-(sinapoyl)(feruloyl)-diglucoside-5-glucoside was the most abundant anthocyanin in the four coloured cultivars followed by cyanidin-3-(sinapoyl)-diglucoside-5-glucoside. The analysis of anthocyanin accumulation characterisation provides important information on evaluating colouration patterns in coloured plants, and will be helpful for breeding desired leaf colours in ornamental kale.     

旱地棉花主要促控措施的产量效应分析

本文根据三年试验结果所建立的数学模型,结合4—9月份的不同降雨量条件,对旱地棉花增加种植密度以后各种促控措施(施(?)量、施磷量、打顶日期、化控日期)的合理定量进行了分析。结果认为:早地棉花的高产栽培方案应以种植密度和磷肥的合理定量为基本內容,氮肥、打顶和化控作为依据天气情况和苗情酌情实施的调节措施。最后,依据试验结果,对方案的可行性及优点进行了讨论。     

Mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments for lettuce and carrot

Mid-storage hydration-dehydration treatments with medium-vigour lettuce seed very effectively reduced physiological deterioration in storage and ultimately showed better field emergence and final yield. Soaking-drying treatment of high-vigour lettuce seed was not effective. Pre-sowing treatment of medium-vigour lettuce seed, though less effective than mid-storage treatment, gave better field performance, but high-vigour seed did not benefit from the treatment. For carrot, both mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments proved beneficial, with the former showing better performance than the latter. Unlike lettuce, well-preserved carrot seed responded positively to the pre-sowing treatment.     

甘肃省规模化奶牛场污染状况与防治对策研究

根据农业部2007年畜禽养殖场环境污染调查研究项目,结合甘肃省奶牛养殖业污染状况实际,抽样检测分析了规模化奶牛养殖场的污染状况,重点分析了粪便中全氮、全磷、有机质、铜、锌和污水中COD、氨氮、总磷、铜、锌等主要污染源含量.结果表明,2007年规模化奶牛场粪便、污水中的主要污染源对其周围环境产生了较为严重的污染.据此提出了畜禽养殖污染防治的对策.     

大豆灰斑病Fuzzy测报模型

本文运用模糊数学理论建立了大豆灰斑病预测预报模型。经对国营350农场种植的大豆中熟品种“合丰25”十年的资料拟合,符合率达90%,对中熟品种“黑农26”九年的资料拟合,符合率达89%,对早熟品种“黑河3号”九年的资料拟合,符合率达78%。     

饲料粮比重加大中国的粮食安全性会更高

一、关于粮食问题的几个判断1、口粮消费总量将维持稳定。在相当长一个时期,中国的口粮消费总量,基本维持稳定。随着人们生活水平的提高,城乡口粮直接消费下降。1981年城乡居民人均口粮消费分别为145公斤和256公斤;2005年城市居民口粮消费只有77公斤,农民全年平均口粮消费208.9