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1.
Response to ethanol reduced by past thiamine deficiency 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P R Martin E Majchrowicz E Tamborska C Marietta A B Mukherjee M J Eckardt 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,227(4692):1365-1368
Ethanol-induced intoxication and hypothermia were studied in rats approximately 7 months after severe thiamine deficiency, when treated rats appeared to have recovered their physical health. Previously induced thiamine deficiency without prior ethanol exposure significantly decreased the area under the curve plotted for the concentration of ethanol in blood and also decreased behavioral impairment and hypothermia due to ethanol exposure. Pathophysiologic changes resulting from thiamine deficiency may contribute to both the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic tolerance to ethanol in chronic alcoholics. 相似文献
2.
Expression of PKC alpha, beta I, beta II, epsilon and micro has been demonstrated in the whole bovine CL with PKC epsilon being differentially expressed as a function of development. In experiment 1 we have investigated the amount of mRNA encoding PKC epsilon at different stages of luteal development (days 1, 4, 10 and 17). In experiment 2, the cellular source of luteal PKC isozymes was determined. Enriched steroidogenic (SC) and endothelial (EC) cells from day-10 CL were used to examine this question by Western blot analysis and immuno-histochemistry. In experiment 3, Western blot analysis was used to examine the ability of ET-1 to activate luteal PKC isozymes in day-10 CL. In experiment 4, the role of luteal PKC isozymes in the ET-1 mediated inhibition of P(4) accumulation in steroidogenic cell cultures from day-4 and day-10 CL was examined. Abundance of PKC epsilon mRNA gradually increased from day-1 to -10 with no further increase on day-17. In experiment 2, PKC epsilon was exclusively detected in SC (LLC and SLC). In contrast, PKC alpha, beta I and beta II were detected in both SC and EC, with EC expressing higher amounts of PKC isozymes. In day-10 CL, ET-1 induced cellular redistribution of PKC alpha, beta I, epsilon but not beta II. Inhibitors specific for conventional PKC isozymes as well as PKC epsilon were able to negate the inhibitory effects of ET-1 on P4 accumulation in the day 10 CL. In the day-4 CL, the inhibitory effect of ET-1 might be mediated via conventional PKC. Thus, an exclusive presence of PKC epsilon in luteal steroidogenic cells, its higher expression along with the ability of ET-1 to stimulate its activation in day-10 CL strongly suggests that this PKC isoform may play an important regulatory role in decreasing P(4) during luteal regression. Inhibition of P(4) by ET-1 in the early CL may be mediated via conventional PKC isozymes. 相似文献
3.
Summary Creation from 4x hybrid clones from protoplast fusion of 2x clones of potato was evaluated. Besides combined nuclear genomes,
composition of the cytoplasm significantly influenced the phenotypic traits of hybrid clones. To ascertain the influence of
parental cytoplasm on the success of protoplast fusion and regeneration of hybrid plants, data from 74 fusion combinations
of 50 dihaploid clones were analyzed. The majority of dihaploid breeding clones belonged to the cytoplasm types Wα, Tβ and
Wγ.
When the closely related mt types α, β and γ were used, fusion combinations had a better combining ability compared with more
distantly related cytoplasms δ and ⃛. Fusions containing the same mitochondrial type (homofusions) were not superior to closely
related mitochondrial types. However, homofusions of cytoplasm type Wα yielded significantly more hybrids than homofusions
of type Tβ. In general, parental cytoplasm types had little impact on the fusion combining behaviour. Thus the cytoplasm type
of the fusion parents is not a suitable marker for predicting the combining ability in protoplast fusion experiments. 相似文献
4.
Harper M St Michael F John M Vinogradov E Adler B Boyce JD Cox AD 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,150(3-4):289-296
Pasteurella multocida strains are classified using the Heddleston lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serotyping scheme into 16 serovars. Understanding the structural and genetic basis for this LPS typing scheme is important because protection against infections caused by P. multocida is generally considered to be serovar specific. Here we show that the serovar 14 type strain P2225 and the serovar 1 strains X73 and VP161 express similar LPS structures. However, the serovar 14 LPS lacks the terminal phosphocholine (PCho) residues present on the serovar 1 LPS and contains the 1,4-linked β-galactose but not the 1,6-linked β-galactose. Sequencing analysis of the LPS biosynthesis outer core loci of P2225 and the serovar 1 type strain X73 showed that they were nearly identical. However, the phosphocholine biosynthesis gene, pcgA of P2225 contained a 19bp nucleotide deletion. Complementation of P2225 with an intact pcgA resulted in an LPS structure identical to that expressed by serovar 1 strain VP161 and highly similar to that expressed by strain X73, with a 1,6-linked β-galactose and both terminal PCho residues. This study has shown unequivocally that strains belonging to serovar 1 and 14 share a common LPS outer core locus and that minor changes within this locus can dramatically alter the LPS structure expressed on the surface of P. multocida, and thus has implications into our understanding of the potential to generate cross-protective vaccines. 相似文献
5.
Robert S. Pomeroy Renato Agbayani Marietta Duray Joebert Toledo Gerard Quinitio 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2013,17(1-2):61-83
Abstract This paper presents the results of an economic analysis of the aquaculture of two species of grouper E. coloides (orange‐spotted grouper, green grouper, red‐spotted grouper) and E. malabaricus (malabar grouper, black‐spotted grouper) for small producers in the Philippines. The findings of the analysis indicate that, based on the assumptions, grouper culture is financially feasible. However, the capital requirements for the broodstock, hatchery/nursery, and integrated system may be beyond the financial means of many small producers. These stages of grouper culture may need to be developed as a larger project by private investors or government. The capital investment requirement for grow‐out (not including purchase of transport boxes) is within the financial means of small producers. Loans or other incentives will need to be made available for the small producer, but the cash flow indicates that these loans can be repaid in the first year of production. 相似文献
6.
Bleul U Schwantag S Stocker H Corboz L Grimm F Engels M Borel N Lutz H Schönmann M Kähn W 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(4):1003-1008
BACKGROUND: Goat kids with floppy kid syndrome have metabolic acidosis, muscle weakness, and depression but no dehydration. HYPOTHESIS: D-Lactate is the major component of acidemia in goat kids with floppy kid syndrome. ANIMALS: Fifty-five goat kids with floppy kid syndrome (group F) and 35 clinically healthy goat kids (group C). METHODS: Clinical, biochemical, microbiologic, virologic, parasitologic, and pathologic examinations. RESULTS: The animals in group F had a blood pH of 7.13 +/- 0.11 and a base excess of -17.8 +/- 3.8 mM, which were both lower than the values in the control animals (pH, 7.32 +/- 0.31; base excess, -0.1 +/- 2.7 mM; P < .001). Floppy kids had a significantly larger anion gap than healthy kids (31.2 +/- 3.7 versus 21.5 +/- 8.5 mM; P < .001). The concentration of L-lactate was lower in floppy kids than in healthy kids (0.67 +/- 0.49 versus 1.60 +/- 1.02 mM), but the concentration of D-lactate was higher in floppy kids (7.43 +/- 2.71 versus 0.26 +/- 0.24 mM; P < .001). Intravenous and oral administration of sodium bicarbonate in floppy kids resulted in a significant increase in blood pH and base excess and a decrease in the anion gap (P < .001). In addition, the concentration of L-lactate increased (P = .039). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Metabolic acidosis in goat kids with floppy kid syndrome is caused by an increase in the plasma concentration of D-lactate. 相似文献
7.
I-Chiu Liao J.V. Juario S. Kumagai H. Nakajima Marietta Natividad P. Buri 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1979,18(2):75-93
A female milkfish, captured at sea, was injected with two hormonal injections of acetone-dried salmon pituitary powder and human chorionic gonadotropin, plus Vitamin B complex. It was stripped, and produced 128,000 ripe eggs with an average diameter of 1.15 mm. Fertilization rate was 38% following artificial fertilization with milt from an uninjected male. A total of 36,000 larvae hatched (74% of fertile eggs) after 26–32 h at 34 ‰ salinity and 27–32°C. The newly hatched larvae measured 3.4 mm in mean total length and possessed a large yolk sac. The mouth of the larvae opened about 54 h after hatching. The larvae were fed with fertilized oyster eggs, rotifers, copepods, brine shrimp, flour and prepared feed, together with Chlorella. A critical period was between the 4th and 6th days with mortality over 80%. The larvae started increasing in length by Day 8, and had the appearance of the wild fry by Day 11. On Day 13 a pigmentation pattern developed and the biggest larva measured 10.0 mm. By Day 18 the larvae measured 12.5 mm, and 14.5 mm by Day 21. A total of 2,859 fry was obtained; the highest larval survival rate obtained from different experimental groups was 46.8%. 相似文献
8.
Marietta Petróczy László Palkovics 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,125(2):343-347
A Monilinia fructigena-like isolate (UFT) was collected from apple shoots in northeastern Hungary (Újfehértó). Brownish dieback and buff-coloured stromata were observed on shoots and small fruits of cv. ‘Ashton Bitter’. On potato dextrose agar (PDA) the colonies were yellowish in colour and irregular black stromatal crusts occurred. Conidia (16.6?×?10.1 µm) were slightly smaller than the average of M. fructigena. The fungus caused brown rot on inoculated apple fruits, and produced numerous sporodochia. The sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer regions of the UFT isolate were almost identical to that of a previously described Monilia polystroma isolate, containing all five nucleotides that distinguish it from M. fructigena. Comparison of a genomic sequence of unknown function revealed that repetitive sequence motifs occurred in different numbers as insertions in the genomes of M. fructigena, Monilia polystroma, and the UFT isolate. Classical and molecular characterisation indicated that the UFT isolate belonged to Monilia polystroma. To our knowledge this is the first report of Monilia polystroma in Europe. 相似文献
9.
Naohiro Kato Dexter Reynolds Matthew L Brown Marietta Boisdore Yukichi Fujikawa Andrea Morales Lee A Meisel 《Plant methods》2008,4(1):9
Background
The isolation of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the development of spectral variants over the past decade have begun to reveal the dynamic nature of protein trafficking and organelle motility. In planta analyses of this dynamic process have typically been limited to only two organelles or proteins at a time in only a few cell types. 相似文献10.
Philipp Drschmann Sarah Apitz Inga Hellige Sandesh Neupane Susanne Alban Georg Kopplin Signe Ptak Xavier Frett Johann Roider Marietta Zille Alexa Klettner 《Marine drugs》2021,19(10)
Fucoidans are algal polysaccharides that exhibit protective properties against oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate different fucoidans from brown seaweeds for their ability to protect against iron-dependent oxidative stress (ferroptosis), a main hallmark of retinal and brain diseases, including hemorrhage. We investigated five new high-molecular weight fucoidan extracts from Fucus vesiculosus, F. serratus, and F. distichus subsp. evanescens, a previously published Laminaria hyperborean extract, and commercially available extracts from F. vesiculosus and Undaria pinnatifida. We induced oxidative stress by glutathione depletion (erastin) and H2O2 in four retinal and neuronal cell lines as well as primary cortical neurons. Only extracts from F. serratus, F. distichus subsp. evanescens, and Laminaria hyperborea were partially protective against erastin-induced cell death in ARPE-19 and OMM-1 cells, while none of the extracts showed beneficial effects in neuronal cells. Protective fucoidans also attenuated the decrease in protein levels of the antioxidant enzyme GPX4, a key regulator of ferroptosis. This comprehensive analysis demonstrates that the antioxidant abilities of fucoidans may be cell type-specific, besides depending on the algal species and extraction method. Future studies are needed to further characterize the health-benefiting effects of fucoidans and to determine the exact mechanism underlying their antioxidative abilities. 相似文献