N-B多元素甘蔗专用杀虫复合肥试验初报

施用广西甘蔗研究所甘蔗复合肥实验厂近年开发生产的N－B多元素甘蔗专用杀虫型复合肥，结果表明，甘蔗产量比用尿素、钙镁磷肥、氯化钾配合施用的增产19．2％，杀早效果达93．0％，杀虫、增产效果显著。     

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Barodon on Growth Performance,Innate Immunity and Disease Resistance of Juvenile Olive Flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus,Against Streptococcus iniae

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Barodon, an anionic alkali mineral complex, on growth, feed utilization, humoral innate immunity and disease resistance of olive flounder. A basal experimental diet was used as a control and supplemented with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5% Barodon. Triplicate groups of fish (26.4 ± 0.2 g) were fed one of the diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 10 wk. The growth performance was enhanced (P < 0.05) linearly and quadratically in fish fed diets containing Barodon compared with that in fish fed the control. Feed utilization was significantly improved by Barodon supplementation. Serum lysozyme and antiprotease activities were increased quadratically in Barodon fed groups. Also, significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity was found in Barodon‐fed fish. Dietary supplementation of 0.1–0.3% Barodon resulted in significant enhancement of fish disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. The findings in this study indicate that dietary supplementation of Barodon can enhance growth, feed utilization, innate immunity, and disease resistance of olive flounder and that the optimum level seems to be 0.1% in diets.     

Influence of larval and juvenile life history on age at first maturity in two tropical amphidromous fish species

This study investigates how age at first maturity of two tropical amphidromous species Sicyopterus lagocephalus (Pallas, 1770) and Cotylopus acutipinnis (Guichenot, 1863) varies in relation to their larval and juvenile life history. Reproductive stage was estimated based on histological observation of ovaries of more than 200 females of each species caught monthly over 1 year. The age of fish was estimated by interpreting the daily increments deposited on otoliths during the oceanic larval phase, and the juvenile phase in the river. The age at first maturity was approximately 9 months for S. lagocephalus and 7 months for C. acutipinnis, corresponding to approximately 70–130 and 90–130 days after they returned to freshwater respectively. For both species, the time spent in freshwater before maturity was significantly influenced by the duration of the pelagic larval stage at sea (PLD) and the season of return in freshwater. Individuals with a long PLD, or returning in freshwater during the warmer season, maturated faster once in freshwater. This reproductive advantage may minimise the risk of extirpation due to catastrophic events at each generation and thus probably benefits amphidromous species living in very unpredictable tropical rivers.     

松滋市“一站式”农村沼气服务模式建设现状及建议

文章深入的考察了湖北省松滋市“一站式”沼气后续服务模式的具体实现形式和建设现状；通过总结、对比等方式,对该模式做了详细分析和研究,发现“一站式”服务模式在优化人员配置、稳定服务人员等方面取得了良好效果,但仍存在诸如服务意识不到位、服务网点收入保障不足等问题.最后在分析“一站式”模式的优势和不足的基础上,提出了针对性的建议.     

不同施肥情况下甘蔗叶片的光谱特征分析及叶绿素含量检测

In order to investigate the visible-NIR spectral features of the leaves of a sugarcane variety(ROC 22), the spectral reflectance and the chlorophyll content were measured in the laboratory, and their correlations were analyzed.Prediction models were built eventually.Results showed that the negative correlations with r greater than 0.8 was found in 527-578 nm and 701-731 nm between spectral reflectance and chlorophyll content.And the red edge position(REP) was also found having high correlation with chlorophyll content, with the highest r of 0.8442.In order to explore the most sensitive bands for normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI), 48471 NDVI values were computed with different wavebands for each sample and their correlations with chlorophyll were also analyzed.The distribution maps of NDVI and its correlations in a two-spectral-dimension space both indicated that the red bands had significant influence than the NIR bands.The suggested sensitive red range was 710-735 nm, especially 720-725 nm; and the sensitive NIR range was from 780-850 nm, which had the higher robustness.The chlorophyll predication model with NDVI(725 and 840 nm) in tillering stage had determination coefficients of 0.7386, and was recommended for guiding the subsequent ridging fertilization.     

Comparative energy and economic analyses of conventional and System of Rice Intensification (SRI) methods of rice production in Thai Nguyen Province,Vietnam

The consumption of energy inputs in agricultural production has been increasing rapidly during the past decades. However, given the limitations and costs of non-renewable energy, increasing production while using the least energy possible has become a major concern of most nations. Prompted by this concern, we conducted a face-to-face survey of 90 farming households in Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam, to find out how energy is being used in agriculture and, specifically, in their rice production. Through analysis of energy input–output balances, combined with economic efficiency analysis, a comparison was made of conventional and SRI methods of rice production. The study found that applying the SRI method can save around 23% of energy inputs, while increasing energy outputs by 11%. Economic benefits per hectare also rise by more than 8 million dong (USD 364) compared to those under the conventional cultivation system. The study also showed conflicts between the energy and economic balances for manual compared with machine ploughing operations. This study contributes to providing an overview of energy consumption in rice cultivation at the household level. Its findings can help stakeholders to assess current policies and make better decisions on the uses of energy in agricultural production. In addition, the comprehensive approach taken here to analysing energy use and efficiency could expand the analysis and comparison of energy uses at sectoral or activity level—still a new field in Vietnam and many other countries.     

基于SRTM_DEM的泾河流域特征信息提取研究

流域特征信息的提取对于水文地理信息分析、模拟技术和水文模型建立具有重要意义。基于STRM_DEM数据,在ArcGIS9．3环境下,提取泾河流域坡度、坡向等地形特征,以及河网、流域边界和面积等水文要素,并划分子流域。分析表明,当闽值取5000（40．5km^2）时,生成的流域河网能够较好地反映该地区水系。根据河网分级、低级集水区域生成结果和流域地形特征,可划分为32个子流域,为流域分布式水文模型的构建提供了基础地理信息。SRTM_DEM提取泾河和部分支流流域面积误差均较小,说明提取结果与实际非常接近。结果表明,SRTM_DEM数据和ArcGIS9．3提取流域特征信息方便快捷,具有较高的精度和准确性,应用前景广阔。     

湘潭市能源的生态足迹及森林固碳减排效应的分析

生态足迹作为可持续发展定量研究的一种新方法,具有简明而综合的特点。采用生态足迹成分法对湘潭市2003年能源的生态足迹进行了计算,并对湘潭市2003年CO2排放量及森林固碳减排效应进行了分析。结果表明:2003年湘潭市人均能源生态足迹为0.653 hm2,实有人均能源生态足迹为0.077 hm2,人均能源生态足迹赤字为0.576hm2;2003年湘潭市CO2排放量为1 186.42万t,现有森林CO2年吸收量为140.25万t。通过扩大森林面积和提高森林生产力,每年可多吸收74.27万t CO2,实现减排6.26%。