哈密瓜细菌性果斑病及其防治

内蒙古巴彦淖尔盟 1991年从新疆引种种植哈密瓜 ,1996年发现细菌性果斑病 ,近几年发生严重。巴盟地区 5月上旬播种哈密瓜 ,6月上旬见到病斑 ,7月份严重。小瓜表面见不到病斑 ,大瓜上病斑清楚可见。病菌在瓜上糖后进入瓜体内部 ,侵染瓜肉 ,成熟时腐烂。气候对病害发生有较大影响 ,干旱年份发病轻 ,高温、多雨潮湿年份发病重。品种抗病性有差异 ,感病的有皇后系列、86系列 ,抗病的有西域系列和甘密宝。栽培方式对发病有影响 ,起垄栽培发病轻 ,平地栽培发病重。该病为害叶片和果实。叶部病斑圆形至多角形 ,水浸状 ,灰白色 ,后期病斑中间变薄 ,…     

鲤鱼苗人工日粮的补充

设有重复组的全同胞鲤鱼(Gyprinuscarpio L.)鱼苗在24±0.5℃的条件下,饲喂六种蛋白源相同的人工日粮(A到F)(酵母粉59％;干牛肝41％)和另一种日粮(G),这种日粮的一半蛋白源用蛋粉代替。这些日粮补充不同水平(0％、5％、10％)的鱼肝油(CLO)、矿物质预混剂(M)和维生素预混剂(V),饲喂21天(DO～D21),加喂商品饲料10天(D21～D31)。     

家禽管理方式展望

近年来,除了商业和技术因素外,有些国家的福利法规和消费者的心态已直接或间接地影响着鸡的生产管理方式。制造商十分重视笼养和变型管理方式对鸡行为与生化性能影响的研究成果,并一直在寻找新的材料和结构方法,以改变蛋鸡笼和设备的设计与布局,确保产品的有效性和竞争力。产蛋鸡的(?)式管理方式笼养方式产蛋鸡笼养主要强调增加层数,目前欧洲多用5或6层,英国1985年安装了8层鸡笼。这种趋势因有经济效益还将持续下去。不过也可能因为动物福利组织和消费者的反对而减少层数。预期今后鸡笼将为5或6层。     

A low-threshold test ban is feasible

At present, nuclear explosions are limited by treaty to underground testing with yields of no more than 150 kilotons, and recently there have been renewed calls for further test restrictions. As part of these discussions, the U.S. Congress is considering bills that would legislate new limits to testing,whereas the Reagan Administration opposes such constraints. The editors of Science have asked two groups of participants in the debate to present their arguments for or against new limits to testing. Feiveson, Paine, and von Hippel argue for a treaty of indefinite duration between the United States and the Soviet Union, which includes the following provisions: (i) a ban on all testing outside a desiqnated site having known seismic properties; (ii)verification by means of on-site inspection and in-country seismic monitoring; (iii) unlimited testing below 1 kiloton at the special site; and (iv) an average of one test per year with a yield of up to 15 kilotons for ensuring reliability of the nuclear stockpile. MiUer, Brown, and Nordyke argue that a lowering of the present 150-kiloton threshold would be undesirable, and that new test bans would divert attention from a comprehensive approach to negotiated reductions in the nuclear and conventional arsenals of the United States and the Soviet Union.