高原夏菜甘蓝生产技术规程

本规程规定了高原夏菜甘蓝生产技术的术语定义、产地环境、产量指标、主要栽培管理技术、采收及病虫害防治等内容,适用于甘肃省高原夏菜甘蓝生产。     

丁鱥鱼种池塘培育试验

一、试验条件，二、试验方法，三、试验结果。     

不同粘度矿物油助剂对除草剂活性的影响

室内及温室内测定了10种不同粘度矿物油助剂对除草剂防除苘麻和稗草药效的影响及对玉米苗期的安全性。结果表明,10种矿物油助剂均不同程度地增加了氰草津和烟嘧磺隆防除两种杂草的活性。其中粘度为46 mm2/s (40℃)的矿物油乳剂(MOC46)对供试除草剂药效的增强作用最为明显,其次为粘度32 mm2/s (40℃)的矿物油乳剂。10种助剂对氰草津药效的增强作用大于对烟嘧磺隆。MOC46对除草剂活性的增加由高到低依次为:莠去津、氰草津＞莠去津+氰草津、莠去津+烟嘧磺隆、氰草津+烟嘧磺隆＞烟嘧磺隆;对玉米苗期安全性依次为:莠去津、烟嘧磺隆、莠去津+烟嘧磺隆＞莠去津+氰草津、氰草津+烟嘧磺隆＞氰草津。氰草津与MOC46混用对玉米苗期药害较重。     

25％啶菌噁唑乳油防治番茄灰霉病药效试验

田间试验表明25%啶菌唑乳油对番茄灰霉病有良好的防治效果,53.3～106.7mL/667m23次药后防效79%以上。     

涂饰工艺对木质体育地板表面滑动摩擦系数的影响研究

采用正交试验法,研究涂饰工艺对木质体育地板表面滑动摩擦系数的影响,试验因素为面漆涂饰次数、涂料种类和面板砂光目数,试验测试指标为表面滑动摩擦系数。方差分析结果表明,涂料种类与测试指标呈极为显著的影响关系,水性面漆涂饰的试件表面滑动摩擦系数相对较高;其他2个因素与测试指标之间无显著影响关系。砂光目数极可能对表面滑动摩擦系数有一定影响,但这一影响关系被底漆涂饰工艺所覆盖,因此所有试件的表面滑动摩擦系数全部达到了国家标准的要求。     

Improvement of Appearance Traits of elite Rice Zhenshan 97B by Molecular Introgression of Targeted about 800 kb Interval from Indica Rice Jiafuzhan Genome

Rice appearance trait is mainly mean grain length (GL), grain width (GW), ratio of length and width (L/W), chalkiness (CH) and transparence (TR). Appearance is the first impression, and rice appearance traits effect significantly the value of commodity. Hybrid rice is relatively low quality, especially on rice appearance quality,which restricts partially its extend and badly export of hybrid seed and rice in China.Shanyou 63, the most famous hybrid rice combination of China, could not be also sustainable application because of its poor qualities. In this studies, We attempt to improve appearance quality of the elite rice maintainer of Zhenshan 97B by using molecular approach of genomic interval targeted introgression. Three F2 populations were constructed to study the classical and molecular genetic of rice appearance traits, at the same time, molecular marker-asisted toimprove the main maintainer line, Zhenshan 97B were performed. There some following results:Three F2 populations were constructed based on crosses of Guangluai 4×Jiafuzhan (GJ popu.), Minghui 86×Jiafuzhan (MJ popu.) and Zhenshan 97B×Jiafuzhan (ZJ popu.). ZJ popu and GJ popu were produced to reconstruct the linkage maps related with rice appearance traits based on BSA, and detect QTL of target traits based on IM.In ZJ popu, 9 QTLs of target traits were detected. The interval, RM169～RM516 on Chromosome 5, was genetic locus of GW, L/W, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 10.9%, 14.9%, 12.0% and 14.2%, respectively.RM214 on chromosome 7, RM339 on chromosome 8 were genetic loci if CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.4%, 10.0%, 11.0% and 12.1%. besides there is a genetic locus, RM347, of G/W on chromosome 3, and the explained varance was 10.3%. In GJ popu, 5 QTLs of rice appearance traits were detected. The interval, RM169-RM516 on Chromosome 5, were also the genetic loci of GW, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.0%, 12.5%, and 13.6%, respectively. RM264～RM80 on chromosome 8 was the genetic loci of GW amd L/W,and the explained variances were 14.7% and 13.4%. The genotypes of all QTLs, except RM214, from Jiafuzhan contributed to improving riee appearance traits.The research was to improve the rice appearance quality of Zhenshan 97B by introgressing QTLs of rice appearance traits from Jiafuzhan, a donor parent, by means of MAS in the process of recurrent backcrossing, 4 SSR markers were used to detect the target genotypes from donor parent, and 70 SSR primers to identify the genetic background of recurrent parent. Consequently, there were 19 target individuals in BC3, in which the mean value of GL, GW, L/W, CH and BW were 6.06±0.04mm, 2.50±0.02mm, 2.43±0.02, 29.5±2.7 and 29.4±2.7%, respectively,and the mean homologous degree (HD) to recurrent parent is up to 98.22%. Compared to Zhenshan 97B, GL, CH and BW decreased 0.17 mm, 34.9% and 34.5% respectively and however L/W increased 0.19. which accounted separately for 25.37%, 54.79%, 54.57% and 10.50% of thedifference of every trait between two parents. It is very luckly to find a individual, 13BC2-3BC3 line, whose GL, GW, G/W, CH and BW were 6.04 mm, 2.43 mm, 2.49,2.5% and 2.5% separately, There is very important signification for it to be used in hybrid rice breeding improving appearance traits. In the research, MAS efficiency of 3 loci (with 4 markers ) was 5.68% and coincident degree was 73.08%.     

甘肃引黄灌区典型荒漠植物种群生态位特征

为了解甘肃引黄灌区北部天然荒漠植被群落的演替与发展趋势,为植物资源保护与利用提供理论依据,根据植被生长立地类型,分别选择流动沙丘、半固定沙丘、固定沙丘上的典型荒漠植被群落,研究了不同种群的生态位宽度值,并分别对采用Raunkiaer生活型系统和《中国植被》生活型系统划分的不同生活型植被进行了生态位宽度值比较,结果表明:各种群在不同立地类型上的生态位宽度值存在差异,不同立地类型各种群生态位宽度值的平均值大小表现为固定沙丘半固定沙丘流动沙丘;不同生活型种群在不同立地类型上的生态位宽度值也存在差异,地面芽植物、灌木与小灌木在三种立地环境下的差异性最为明显;不同生活型植被的生态位总宽度值的大小为地上芽植物一年生植物地面芽植物高位芽植物,半灌木与小灌木一年生植物多年生草本灌木。     

茶树越冬芽在休眠与萌发时期的物质交流变化及其分子调控

为揭示不同萌发物候型茶树的休眠机制,以特早生茶树品种龙井43和中生茶树品种碧云为材料,利用钙黄素处理茶树茎段,检测越冬芽在休眠与萌发时期与其他器官的物质交流情况。利用同源比对鉴定胼胝质水解相关基因,并分析其序列特征及在冬季不同时期的表达模式。结果表明,越冬芽在茶树生长阶段和休眠阶段都存在着与着生茎段和母叶间的物质交流;从茶树越冬芽休眠形成到解除的不同时期,其物质交流存在"强-弱-强"的变化规律,但龙井43的与碧云相比存在较短的物质交流减弱时期;两种茶树的物质交流变化模式与鉴定到的茶树胼胝质水解正向调控相关基因CsGLU1的表达模式密切相关;启动子序列分析进一步证实CsGLU1启动子区有多个与激素信号以及低温和休眠响应相关转录因子结合的保守序列。茶树越冬芽在休眠和非休眠状态下都存在与茎和母叶之间的物质交流,且物质交流强弱与茶树越冬芽休眠状态改变密切相关。CsGLU1可能是参与胼胝质水解调控,改变茶树越冬芽物质交流水平,进而影响茶树休眠状态的关键基因。这对明确茶树越冬芽休眠状态变化和深入揭示不同萌发物候型茶树休眠机理有重要意义。     

2006—2014 年民勤4 种典型荒漠群落结构 及物种多样性变化研究

根据2006—2014 年民勤荒漠植物4 个样区36 个样方调查数据,对该区沙蒿、梭梭、麻黄和白刺4种典型荒漠植物群落结构及物种多样性进行分析。结果表明：该区群落结构简单,物种相对单一且数量较少,植物都是以较低的芽位适应生境条件;灌木层物种的变化不大,草本层物种有所增加;多样性指数沙蒿群落、梭梭群落和白刺群落的略有增加,而麻黄群落略有减小;该区群落结构和物种多样性的变化主要由于草本层的物种变化引起。了解和掌握民勤荒漠植物群落的结构和物种多样性变化规律,对于推动干旱荒漠区植被恢复和物种多样性的保护提供依据。     

一种复合型茯茶加工工艺研究

分别以杜仲叶毛茶和黑毛茶为原料,将其按照不同的质量分数进行拼配,随后汽蒸渥堆、压制定型、发花干燥,加工成复合型茯茶。通过单因素试验、内含成分分析和感官评价,综合得到最优工艺参数:将杜仲黑毛茶和纯茶叶黑毛茶以15∶85(即D-3)复配,含梗量w=10%,汽蒸15min,渥堆发酵16h,蒸茶20s,发花期(前12d)环境温湿度分别为25±1℃/70%RH,发花后进行干燥除湿,每天升温2℃～3℃,升温历时7d左右,一直升到45℃为止,直至达到出烘水分标准(≤14%)。依此方法可制成砖面平整,松紧适中,金花茂盛,汤色橙红明亮,滋味醇和回甘的杜仲茯茶。