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通过常规淹灌、垄作浸润、控水湿润和间歇灌溉等不同灌溉方式对水稻生理效应的研究表明:垄作浸润和控水湿润灌溉的叶片相对含水量较高。垄作浸润和控水湿灌溉既能减少上位叶(倒一、二叶)的叶绿素、全氮量,防止贪青徒长,又能延缓下位叶(倒三、四叶)的衰老,增加光合作用源的功能时间,同时垄作浸润和控水湿润灌溉的水稻叶片有较高的净光合率(NPR)和气孔导度(CS),增强了光合作用源的强度。节水灌溉能提高根系活力,较好地协调水稻高产与根系早衰之间的矛盾。可见垄作浸润和控水湿润灌溉的水稻具有更好的水分代谢和光合素质。 相似文献
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We evaluated whether new information could be drawn from additional data collection and unconventional statistical analyses of an on-farm trial. First, we compared a conventional sampling method using a biomass estimate of weed abundance to repeated visual assessment of the percentage ground cover of weeds. The biomass was sampled once after the treatment, whereas the ground cover was repeatedly sampled once before weed control plus several occasions after weed control. Second, we contrasted the outcomes from analysis of variance ( anova ), taking samples from a single point in time with repeated measures (rm) anova and a multivariate method. As the outcomes and conclusions drawn were relatively similar, we conclude that the ground cover estimate of weed abundance was as reliable as the biomass estimate. The rm anova enabled us to follow the temporal trend in response to treatments in the most abundant species, including possible initial differences. Multivariate analysis went even further, by clearly displaying species-wise responses and treatment selectivity. 相似文献
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应用均匀设计法筛选稗草病原菌产孢最佳配方培养基 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
筛选生防菌最佳产孢培养基是高效、大量生产生防菌孢子的基础。应用均匀设计法结合二次多项式回归分析,从众多因素中筛选出稗草病原菌弯孢菌(Curvularia lunata)和互格交链孢菌(Alternaria alternata)最佳产孢培养基组分,建立多元二次回归数学模型。弯孢菌最佳产孢组分为胡萝卜、芹菜、欧芹、水芹、莴苣、蔗糖和Vc;互格交链孢菌最佳产孢组分为胡萝卜、芹菜、水芹、莴苣和蔗糖。根据回归模型计算理论(拟和)产孢值。比较实测产孢量和理论产孢值,结果表明,稗草病原菌的实测产孢量和回归模型拟合产孢值非常接近,拟合误差小。说明采用均匀设计法从众多因素中筛选培养基最佳成分是可行的。 相似文献
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Tea Bai J. Robert Britton Stephen P. Rice Andrew G. Pledger 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2019,28(1):110-122
The spawning success of lithophilic salmonids is strongly influenced by the fine sediment content (“fines”) of spawning substrates, yet knowledge on the impacts of fines on the spawning of non‐salmonid lithophiles remains limited, despite their ecological and socio‐economic importance in European rivers. Consequently, the aim here was to use an ex‐situ experiment to investigate the impact of sand content on egg survival and timing of larval emergence of the surface‐spawning cyprinid European barbel Barbus barbus. Thirty incubator boxes within a recirculating system were filled with one of five experimental sediment mixtures (0%–40% sand by mass) that each contained 300 fertilised eggs at a depth of 50 mm. Emerged, free‐swimming larvae were captured and counted daily to assess grain‐size effects on larval survival and emergence. Specifically, total proportion of emerged larvae, cumulative daily proportion of emerged larvae and time required to reach 50% emergence were measured during the study. Whilst the proportion of sand in the sediments did not have a significant impact on egg‐to‐emergence survival (mean survival per treatment 75%–79%), it significantly affected the timing of larval emergence to the water column; early emergence was detected in treatments with elevated sand content (on average, 50% emergence after 12–13 days versus 19 days in the control). Similar to findings from salmonid studies, these results suggest high sand content in spawning gravels can influence timing of larval emergence and potentially cyprinid lithophilic fish survival. 相似文献
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[目的]构建两系不育系水稻P88S育性转换的积温模型。[方法]对2005年和2006年P88S在海南育性转换的试验数据进行分析。[结果]发现P88S在气温在26~28℃之间的可育性是由温度的绝对值和温度的累积效应决定的,并得到了1个基于双稳态的温度累积效应模型。[结论]利用积温模型可以有效地说明两系不育系春秋季育性转换温度的不对称性,即从可育转换为不育需要更高的温度,从不育转换为可育则需要更低的温度,并说明影响水稻育性的因素可能存在累加效应。 相似文献