茶树花青素形成分子机理的研究进展

花青素是由类黄酮合成途径产生的次生代谢产物,含量高时会使茶树新梢呈现红色或紫色。同时,花青素相比儿茶素等具有更明显的抗氧化、预防肿瘤等药理保健作用。文章就茶树花青素合成途径、转录及转录后调控等方面进行综述,以期更好地为高花青素茶树的育种研究提供理论依据。     

基于网络技术的电力系统通信及调度方案设计

电力网络传输距离长、覆盖面广，利用电力网络实现通信和控制具有很大的发展潜力。为此,介绍了网络技术的发展及特点，并结合电力系统自身的优势，对电力系统通信方案进行了设计。     

浅谈林地资源保护管理与生态林业建设

论述了建德市林地资源保护和生态林业建设现状以及他们间的相互关系，并提出要搞好生态林业建设必须建立林地资源保护管理体系，对林地资源要实行总体规划，合理使用。     

小鹅瘟PCR诊断方法的建立和初步应用

根据发表的鹅细小病毒B株VP3基因序列 ,设计合成了 1对寡聚核苷酸引物。以国内分离的小鹅瘟病毒为摸板 ,筛选了 (PCR)最佳反应条件 ,并进行了敏感性、特异性和初步应用试验。结果表明 ,在 4 0 μL体积中 ,PCR最佳系统组成为 2uTaq酶、0 5mol/LdNTP和 2 0 pmol引物 ;最佳反应参数为 96℃变性 4 0s ,5 4℃退火 1min ,72℃延伸 1min ,30个循环。本方法可检出 2 5× 10 -1 5EID50 小鹅瘟病毒 ,并且仅能从小鹅瘟病毒的鹅胚培养物中扩增出与设计值大小相同的 375bp核苷酸片断 ,对照病毒扩增结果为阴性。通过对 6份临床病料的检查 ,2份呈阳性 ,其中 1份来自有典型小鹅瘟症状的雏鹅 ,1份来自无典型小鹅瘟症状的雏鹅。由此说明 ,本试验所建立的诊断小鹅瘟的PCR方法具有潜在的临床应用价值     

咯菌腈对草莓灰霉病Botrytis cinerea的毒力及防效研究初报

用生长速率法测定了咯菌腈、多菌灵、硫菌·霉威、苯醚甲环唑4种药剂对草莓灰霉病Botrytis cinerea的毒力。结果表明,4种药剂对草莓灰霉菌菌丝的生长都有不同程度的抑制作用,随药剂浓度增加抑制作用增强,其EC50值分别为0.0472、95.7193、0.4854、1.3611 mg/L,其中咯菌腈的毒力最强。田间防治试验结果表明:2.5%咯菌腈FC每667 m2施药量120 mL时防效为83.7%,80 mL时防效为67.7%;65%硫菌·霉威WP每667m2施药量100 g时防效为65.3%。     

苏云金杆菌小试生产发酵影响因子的研究

利用 1 0L全自动发酵罐对苏云金杆菌小试生产的发酵条件进行了研究。结果显示 ,不同的温度、pH值、培养基成分及接种方式对发酵产量和发酵周期均有影响 ;在培养基配方中存在葡萄糖时 ,葡萄糖单独灭菌对提高苏云金杆菌发酵产量是重要的。初步生物测定显示 ,发酵上清中存在一些杀虫增效因子 ,建议配制苏云金杆菌制剂时尽可能加以利用。     

Establishment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rat models by passive cigarette smoking and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide

AIM:To establish rat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) models by passive cigarette smoking plus intratracheal instillation of lipopolysacchride(LPS) or passive cigarette smoking only, which would be similar to the pathogenesis of human COPD. METHODS:48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups.(1) Healthy control I group(n=12), rats were bred 4 weeks;healthy control II group(n=12), rats were bred for 3months. (2) Model group I (n=12), 200μg lipopolysaccharide(LPS) was instilled intratracheally once for every two weeks and the rats were exposured to 5% of cigarette smoke, 0.5 h/d for 4 weeks.(3) Model group II(n=12),rats were exposed to 5% of cigarette smoke, 0.5 h/d for 3 months. The pathologic changes of airways and lung tissues, pulmonary function and blood gas analysis were determined. The airway wall lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages were counted. The cross areas of epithelial layer, smooth muscle layer and lamina propria of bronchi were measured. The hydroxyproline of lung tissue homogenates was determined by biochemistry method.RESULTS:The pathologic changes of airways and lung tissue of two models were similar to but milder than those of COPD patients(biopsy data). The collagen deposition and the cross areas of epithelial layer and smooth muscle layer in airway walls of two model groups were significantly increased than those of control groups(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).FEV_0.3/FVC% of two model groups, PaO₂ and SaO₂ of model I group were significantly decreased, while R_i and R_e in model I group were significantly increased than that of control I group(P＜0.05). The PaCO₂ and the counts of lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages of both model groups were significantly increased than those of the control groups (P＜0.01). Lots of alveolar macrophages had phagocyted smoke granules. The amounts of hydroxyproline of two model groups were significantly increased than those of control group((P＜0.05) and were negatively related to the FEV_0.3/FVC%, respectively (P＜0.01,P＜0.01) and positively related to airway resistance of model I group(P＜0.01). CONCLUSIONS:COPD rat models were successfully established by passive cigarette smoking plus intratracheal instillation of LPS and cigarette smoking only. The pathologic changes were similar but milder than those of COPD patients. The airway obstruction of model I group was more severe than that of model II group, but they have no significant difference.     

生长调节物质对小豆豆芽营养成分影响和功能性评价

为筛选最适合芽菜培养的小豆品种,以‘白红8号’为试材,设置3种生长调节物质(乙酰水杨酸、乙烯利和6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA))的各6个浓度(0.0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 mmol/L;0、20、30、40、50、60 mg/L和0、2、3、4、5、6 mg/L)喷施处理,测定其生物特性(上胚轴长度、上胚轴直径、萌发率、鲜重、干重和产出比)、营养成分(可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖)及抗氧化等特性。结果表明:3种生长调节物质喷施处理都能够提升其营养价值,在乙烯利喷施浓度为50 mg/L,‘白红8号’小豆芽苗菜中各营养成分、酶活性及抗氧化性等均可达到最大值,显著提高了其营养价值。因此,为提高生产中小豆芽苗菜的产量和营养价值,最终确定乙烯利喷施浓度为50 mg/L效果最佳。     

猪用加味玉屏风缓释微丸水提醇沉工艺研究

目的:考察猪用加味玉屏风缓释微丸的水提醇沉工艺。方法:以黄芪甲苷的含量及干膏得率作为评价指标,选用L9(34)进行正交试验。结果:猪用加味玉屏风缓释微丸最佳水提取工艺为药材分别加12倍量水,提取2次,提取时间分别为0.5 h;最佳醇沉工艺为浓缩药液相对密度1.15,加醇浓度70%,静置时间为12 h。结论:优选出的水提醇沉工艺科学、合理。