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1.
Partially purified thymus products were used to evaluate the maturation of T lymphocytes in immunodeficient mice. Three different bovine thymic extracts, designated thymic extracts A, B, and C, were successful in increasing the longevity of conventionally raised nude mice. Daily injection of bovine thymic extracts A, B, and C and mouse thymus extracts failed to mature a population of T lymphocytes and restore the capacity to reject heart allografts. Preincubation of normal syngeneic bone marrow with thymic extract B in vitro before injection into nude mice also failed to reconstitute the host's ability to reject heart grafts. The number of antibody plaque-forming cells of sheep red blood cells in lethally irradiated, bone marrow-reconstituted mice could be increased by preincubating the bone marrow cells with bovine thymic extract fraction B before injection followed by daily injections. A similar but less marked increase in plaque-forming cells was obtained by the daily injection of bovine thymic extract fraction C. Complete functional maturation of T lymphocytes in immunodeficient animals appears to require more than thymic extract stimulation of bone marrow cells or pre-T lymphocytes. 相似文献
2.
T C McGuire K L Banks D R Evans M J Poppie 《American journal of veterinary research》1976,37(1):41-46
Agammaglobulinemia was diagnosed in a 1-year-old Thoroughbred horse on the basis of the following observations: (1) absence of serum immunoglobulins M, A, and G(T); (2) small amounts of serum immunoglobulin G (16 mg/100 ml); (3) absence of specific antibody in the serum of the horse following immunization and challenge exposure to 2 antigens; (4) absence of plasma cells, primary follicles, and germinal centers in a lymph node removed after antigenic stimulation; (5) absence of "natural" serum antibodies to rabbit-erythrocytes which were easily detectable in age-matched control horse serums; and (6) increased susceptibility to infections. There was evidence of functional cell-mediated immunity which included a skin response to injected phytolectins, skin response to antigen challenge following sensitization, and in vitro proliferative response of lymph node cells to phytohemagglutinin. An intact cell-mediated immune response was also supported by the observation that the horse lived to 17 months of age without antibody production, whereas horses with an absence of both antibody production and cell-mediated immunity (combined immunodeficiency) die by 4 months of age without immunologic intervention. The known features of agammaglobulinemia in this horse are similar to those in sex-linked agammaglobulinemia in persons and are unique among the immunodeficiences described in other animals. 相似文献
3.
Growth of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 is enhanced by androgens, but only at pharmacological concentrations. Although physiological concentrations of androgens translocate the androgen receptor into the nucleus, no mitogenic effects are observed. By contrast, pharmacological androgens translocate not only the androgen receptor but also the estrogen receptor, and at these high doses significantly increase both DNA and estrogen-dependent protein synthesis. We therefore propose that androgens stimulate MCF-7 cell growth not through the androgen receptor but rather through the estrogen receptor. 相似文献
4.
The effect of glyphosate on leaves and basal bulbs of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) plants was studied. Treatment with glyphosate did not affect leaf anatomy, although light necrotic spots were seen on the veins. In contrast, basal bulb organization was greatly affected with large necrotic zones and disorganization in the vascular cylinder due to herbicide accumulation. Depletion or disappearance of vacuolar phenols was observed in bulbs of plants treated with the highest doses of glyphosate. The most remarkable effect of glyphosate was the appearance of one layer of sclerenchymatic cells between root and rhizome primordia and the cortical tissues which could play an important role in the inhibition of rhizome and root emergence by the herbicide. 相似文献
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6.
H Li T C McGuire U U Müller-Doblies T B Crawford 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2001,13(4):361-364
An earlier competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CI-ELISA) was developed for detection of specific antibody against malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) viruses (MCFV) in ruminants. In this study, the indirect CI-ELISA was improved by conjugating the monoclonal antibody 15-A directly with horseradish peroxidase and by developing a method of producing precoated, dried antigen plates. This new test is referred to as a direct CI-ELISA. The reformatted test yielded a significantly improved sensitivity, and the time required was reduced to about one-sixth of the previous time. Of 37 MCF cases in cattle that were confirmed by histopathology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, 37 (100%) were positive by the new test, whereas the indirect CI-ELISA detected only 23 (62%). The direct CI-ELISA detected antibody to MCFV in 100% of 48 sheep that had been defined as infected with ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) by PCR, whereas the indirect CI-ELISA detected only 41 (85%). Comparison of antibody titers measured by the 2 assays for sera collected from OvHV-2-infected sheep and from cattle, bison, and deer with clinical sheep-associated MCF revealed that the direct CI-ELISA offered a 4-fold increase in analytical sensitivity over the indirect format. The number of seropositive animals detected by the direct CI-ELISA among apparently normal cattle and bison was 2-3 times greater than the number detected by the indirect CI-ELISA, indicating that a significant percentage of normal cattle and bison are subclincally infected with MCFV. 相似文献
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8.
Mink with Aleutian disease developed severe anemia within a few months after infection. Evaluation of erythropoiesis and erythrocyte survival demonstrated that the anemia was caused by increased erythrocyte destruction, complicated in some cases by decreased or inadequate erythropoiesis. An inverse relationship existed between the amount of IgG on affected mink erythrocytes and the erythrocyte half-life. However, the number of IgG molecules/erythrocyte were not high enough to be detected by direct Coombs' test, with the exception of one case. Inadequate erythropoiesis was reflected by lower plasma iron turnover levels and reticulocyte numbers than expected considering the severity of the anemia involved. 相似文献
9.
McGuire WJ Imakawa K Tamura K Meka CS Christenson RK 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2002,23(3):383-396
Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increases ovine interferon-tau (oIFNtau) secretion by ovine conceptuses, but endometrial production of GM-CSF has not been characterized. Endometrial GM-CSF expression was evaluated in ovariectomized ewes implanted with estradiol-17beta (E(2)) and/or progesterone (P(4)) for 14 days, in day 14 cyclic and day 14 pregnant ewes. Relative levels of endometrial GM-CSF mRNA were 3-fold higher in E(2)- and E(2)/P(4)-treated ewes than that of control or P(4)-treated ovariectomized ewes. Levels of endometrial GM-CSF mRNA for cyclic ewes were similar to E(2)- and E(2)/P(4)-treated ewes, but amounts of GM-CSF mRNA in pregnant ewes were 2-fold higher. GM-CSF concentrations in endometrial culture media, determined by GM-CSF bioassay, for cyclic and E(2)/P(4)-treated ovariectomized ewes were 3-fold higher than those of control, E(2)- and P(4)-treated ovariectomized ewes; however, amounts of GM-CSF in pregnant ewes were 2-fold higher. Immunoreactive GM-CSF, examined by western blot, was detected in the culture medium from E(2)/P(4)-treated ovariectomized, cyclic and pregnant ewes. Luminal and glandular epithelia and stromal regions were determined to be sites of GM-CSF expression by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques. Data indicate that combined E(2) and P(4) treatment of ovariectomized ewes is sufficient to restore GM-CSF expression to the level found in cyclic ewes; however, GM-CSF mRNA and protein in pregnant ewes is 2-fold greater than in ovariectomized or cyclic ewes. These data suggest that the conceptus, in addition to steroids, may play a role in the regulation of endometrial production of GM-CSF. 相似文献
10.
McGuire RG 《Phytopathology》2000,90(11):1217-1223
ABSTRACT Coating formulations of shellac, sucrose ester, and cellulose were tested that support populations of bacterial and yeast antagonists of postharvest Penicillium decay of grapefruit. Surface populations of Pseudomonas syringae, P. fluorescens, and P. putida were stable between 10(3) and 10(4) CFU/cm(2) on shellacked fruit over 4 months at 13 degrees C, but numbers of the yeast Candida oleophila rose steadily from 2.35 x 10(3) to nearly 10(5). Through the first 15 days of cold storage, surface populations of P. syringae and C. oleophila were greater when applied to fruit within the pH 7.2 shellac than when applied by dipping fruit into an antagonist suspension and drying the fruit prior to shellacking; numbers were generally equivalent thereafter. Within wounds of shellacked fruit, populations of P. syringae were equal regardless of the method of application and increased from 10(4) to more than 1.2 x 10(7) CFU within 2 weeks. In contrast, numbers of C. oleophila in wounds over the first 2 weeks of storage were greater in fruit dipped and coated with shellac than when the antagonist was incorporated in this material; populations stabilized at approximately 6 x 10(6) CFU after 2 weeks. Incorporation of P. syringae and C. oleophila into ester and cellulose coatings, however, initially fostered greater numbers of both antagonists in wounds ( approximately 10(6) CFU) than did the preliminary dip application, and significant population differences persisted for several weeks. In cold storage, although application method did not affect the efficacy of P. syringae, C. oleophila was more efficacious after 3 and 4 months when applied in the shellac than when applied by a preliminary immersion and subsequent drying of fruit prior to shellacking. 相似文献