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Melatonin reduces apoptotic cells,SOD2 and HSPB1 and improves the in vitro production and quality of bovine blastocysts 
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下载免费PDF全文 TC Marques EC da Silva Santos TO Diesel LO Leme CF Martins MAN Dode BG Alves FPH Costa EB de Oliveira ML Gambarini 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):226-236
Effects of adding different concentrations of melatonin (10?7, 10?9 and 10?11 M) to maturation (Experiment 1; Control, IVM + 10?7, IVM + 10?9, IVM + 10?11) and culture media (Experiment 2; Control, IVC + 10?7, IVC + 10?9, IVC + 10?11) were evaluated on in vitro bovine embryonic development. The optimal concentration of melatonin (10?9 M) from Experiments 1–2 was tested in both maturation and/or culture media of Experiment 3 (Control, IVM + 10?9, IVC + 10?9, IVM /IVC + 10?9). In Experiment 1, maturated oocytes from Control and IVM + 10?9 treatments showed increased glutathione content, mitochondrial membrane potential and percentage of Grade I blastocysts (40.6% and 43%, respectively). In Experiment 2, an increase in the percentage of Grade I blastocysts was detected in IVC + 10?7 (43.5%; 56.7%) and IVC + 10?9 (47.4%; 57.4%). Moreover, a lower number and percentage of apoptotic cells in blastocysts were observed in the IVC + 10?9 group compared to Control (3.8 ± 0.6; 3.6% versus 6.1 ± 0.6; 5.3%). In Experiment 3, the IVC + 10?9 treatment increased percentage of Grade I blastocysts with a lower number of apoptotic cells compared to IVM /IVC + 10?9 group (52.6%; 3.0 ± 0.5 versus 46.0%; 5.4 ± 1.0). The IVC + 10?9 treatment also had a higher mRNA expression of antioxidant gene (SOD 2) compared to the Control, as well as the heat shock protein (HSPB 1) compared to the IVM + 10?9. Reactive oxygen species production was greater in the IVM /IVC + 10?9 treatment group. In conclusion, the 10?9 M concentration of melatonin and the in vitro production phase in which it is used directly affected embryonic development and quality. 相似文献
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Huber L. Sanktjohanser A. Bresinsky H. Zöttl Kreutzer A. Bernhart und R. Kennel 《Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt》1966,85(1-2):61-64
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H. Zöttl und R. Kennel 《Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt》1963,82(3-4):76-100
Summary Equal fertilizing trials were established in 1956 in two spruce-stands (Picea abies) of bad stand quality class (Höhenbonität = III,0). One is situated near Munich on Rissmoraine, the other near Mähring (north-eastern part of Bavaria) in the low crystalline rock mountains. The main purpose was to compare solid nitrogen fertilizer with anhydrous ammonia concerning the effect on the mineral nutrition and the growth of the trees. In some plots the nitrogen fertilization was combined with application of lime and phosphate. 1956–60 yearly needle samples were taken. In autumn 1960 increment cores were taken.Needle analysis showed considerable differences in the main nutrient contents in the needles corresponding to their position in the upper tree crown. After fertilization the nitrogen contents raised remarkably for 3–5 years. In both trials the nitrogen salt fertilization effected a higher content of nitrogen in the needles than anhydrous ammonia.The wood volume increment, too, raised in the manured plots. With a retarting of 1–2 years the increase of the current wood increment responded to the higher level of the nitrogen contents in the needles. Only immediately after the application of anhydrous ammonia the wood increment was lower than that of the untreated plots. This probably was caused by mechanical injury of shallow roots with the ammonia injector and the initially very high ammonia concentrations in the injection points. The largest wood increment increase was effected in the plots where 200 kg/ha N as nitrogen salt were given.Significant and causal correlations are shown between the increase of the nitrogen content in the needles and the increase of the wood increment. Therefore it is possible to predict the increase of the current wood increment by means of needle analysis results.Five years after manuring a lucrative rent results from the fertilizer application in the plots near Munich. In the best responding plots with a wood increment increase of 15–18 cubic meters Derbholz the net yield amounts from DM 800,— to 1300,— per Hektar in 5 years. Because of the unfavourable climatic conditions in the Mähring-area the effect of manuring was lower than in the Munich-area. Therefore in the Mähring-area no net yield results until now. 相似文献
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Immel J. N. Köstler E. Rohmeder Zwölfer Ernst Kennel und M. Postner 《Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt》1959,78(5-6):187-192
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R. Kennel 《Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt》1959,78(7-8):243-251
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