Application of acoustic Doppler current profiler combined with a scientific echo sounder for krill Euphausia pacifica density estimation

ABSTRACT:   An application of the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP, 153.6 kHz) in combination with a scientific echo sounder (EK60, 38 and 200 kHz) was investigated to estimate the density of krill Euphausia pacifica . The acoustic backscattering strength from sound scattering layers was compared with biomass estimates from midwater trawls. Euphausia pacifica was targeted among mixed species populations in the sound scattering layer in the offshore Funka Bay area of Hokkaido, Japan. The frequency characteristics of acoustic backscattering by krill were calculated using a distorted wave Born approximation scattering model at three frequencies. Krill aggregations identified from the EK60 data were extracted as the mean volume backscattering strength difference between two frequencies. They were then used to identify similar aggregations in the ADCP data by matching observation times and depths for the two methods, which were applied simultaneously. Results from the comparison of the mean volume backscattering strength and the density calculated from the ADCP and EK60 showed that ADCP can be used to measure density and spatial–temporal distribution of krill aggregations. Current speed and direction at the study site were found to be 16.1 cm/s and 187.0°, respectively, and krill speed and direction (including the current component) were found to be 19.8 cm/s and 172.2°, respectively. Based on the ADCP data, the net speed and direction of the krill aggregations were found to be 5.9 cm/s and 128.0°, respectively.     

优良乡土树种观光木选育与栽培技术研究

观光木是木兰科单种属植物，是国家保护的珍稀濒危植物，是我国南方常绿阔叶林中的优势建群树种。以其树干通直、材质优良、速生、树形优美等特性而备受关注。我们在观光木科学引种栽培的基础上，对其生物生态学特性、繁育技术、营林配套技术进行了一系列基础性的研究工作，为全面选育和开发该树种奠定了良好的技术支撑。     

Inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on subcutaneous implanted tumors in nude mice()

AIM: In order to evaluate the applicable value of LDL as a targeted vehicle for chemotherapeutic agents, we investigated and compared the inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex and free ACM on nude mice's subcutaneous implanted tumors derived from gastric cancer cell lines, SGC-7901 and NKM-45. METHODS: LDL-ACM complex was prepared and the tumor model of nude mice was established by subcutaneous implantation of SGC-7901 and NKM-45. Then, the groups of nude mice developed subcutaneous implanted tumors were received either LDL-ACM complex or free ACM. Subsequently, the tumor size, weight and leukemia cell counts were measured and the rates of tumor-inhibition and the survival were compared among the groups. RESULTS: The inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on the tumors, especially on SGC-7901 implanted tumors were much more obvious than that of free ACM. It was also indicated that the action of LDL-ACM complex was mediated by LDL receptor. CONCLUSION: These results showed that LDL-ACM complex had significant inhibitory effects on the implanted tumors and the effect might be mediated by LDL receptor.     

野生冰草种质资源同工酶遗传多样性分析与评价

分析了分布在内蒙古地区的16份野生冰草种质资源酯酶和过氧化物酶的基因位点,结果表明:2种酶共检测到4个等位基因位点,21条酶带,均为多态位点,两种等位酶4个基因位点平均杂合度为77.22%,显示了较高的多态性;依据同工酶谱带信息,把供试种群聚类并划分成3个类群,类群之间存在明显的遗传差异,但是基于同工酶分析进行的分类来确定材料的地理区域有一定的局限性。     

羊痘的研究进展

羊痘病毒能引起山羊痘、绵羊痘和牛的结节性疹块病。羊痘是以发热、全身性的皮肤损伤、痘疹和淋巴结病变为特征。羊痘病毒是所有动物痘病毒中最为重要的一种，严重影响养羊业和国际贸易的发展。本文从病原学、流行病学、诊断和预防控制等方面对羊痘做一综述。虽然此病从临床症状和宿主特异性上很容易做出诊断，但进一步的实验室确诊还是必要的，现已有多种检测方法和诊断试剂。控制该病最有效的方法还是使用疫苗对易感动物进行免疫接种。     

花后高温胁迫下匀播春小麦旗叶的转录组分析

为研究不同播种模式下花后高温胁迫对春小麦旗叶转录组的影响,以宁春50号为试验材料,采用人工模拟高温的方法,设条播和匀播两种播种方式,灌水施肥方式均为水肥一体化,对高温处理后的春小麦旗叶分别构建转录组测序文库,采用FPKM法计算基因的相对表达量,并对差异表达基因进行KEGG通路分析。结果表明,相较于常温处理,高温胁迫下条播和匀播滴灌处理分别有199和1 819个基因上调表达,55和1 335个基因下调表达,说明高温胁迫下匀播滴灌处理对春小麦旗叶转录组的表达影响明显。KEGG通路富集分析结果显示,高温胁迫下与条播滴灌处理对比,匀播滴灌处理的春小麦光合作用-天线蛋白通路注释到的差异表达基因最多,有52个,其次为淀粉和蔗糖通路(注释到50个差异表达基因);而常温条件下与条播滴灌处理对比,匀播滴灌处理的春小麦淀粉和蔗糖代谢通路注释到的差异表达基因最多,有49个,其次为光合作用-天线蛋白通路(注释到41个差异表达基因)。因此,高温胁迫下匀播滴灌技术可以更好地改善植物的光合系统,有效缓解高温引起的小麦植株早衰。     

河曲海红果的利用价值及栽培技术

介绍了河曲海红果的植物学特征,生物学特性、开发利用价值及栽培技术要点.     

不同杀虫剂对油菜花露尾甲成虫的室内毒力测定及田间防效

为筛选出防治陕西省冬油菜区油菜花露尾甲高效安全的杀虫剂,选用5%高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂、25%溴氰菊酯乳油、20%呋虫胺水分散粒剂、30%噻虫嗪悬浮剂、10%溴氰虫酰胺可分散油悬浮剂、20%氯虫苯甲酰胺等6种杀虫剂,采用浸虫法和田间小区试验分别对油菜花露尾甲进行了室内毒力测定和田间防效评价。结果表明：6种药剂对油菜花露尾甲均有较高的毒力,24 h的LC₅₀值均低于40 mg/L,其中20%呋虫胺WG毒力最强,10%溴氰虫酰胺OD次之,30%噻虫嗪SC毒力最弱,LC₅₀分别为5.236 mg/L、9.650 mg/L和35.078 mg/L,6种杀虫剂毒力大小排序：20%呋虫胺WG>10%溴氰虫酰胺OD>25%溴氰菊酯EC>20%氯虫苯甲酰胺SC>5%高效氯氟氰菊酯EW>30%噻虫嗪SC。田间防效试验结果表明,6种药剂在试验剂量下使用安全无药害,对油菜花露尾甲均有一定的防效,药后1 d、3 d、7 d各处理防效分别达79.3%~91.25%、88.24%~97.95%、72.47%~98.86%,其中20%呋虫胺WG3 000倍液和10%溴氰虫酰胺OD4 000倍液效果最好,20%呋虫胺WG3 000倍液3 d时防效是所有处理中最高的（97.95%）,10%溴氰虫酰胺OD4 000倍液7 d时防效是所有处理中最高的（98.86%）,且两种杀虫剂药后1 d、3 d、7 d的防效均在85%以上。生产中选择防治油菜花露尾甲药剂应兼具速效性、持效性和对传粉益虫蜜蜂安全,可选20%呋虫胺WG或10%溴氰虫酰胺OD在现蕾未开花时使用,20%氯虫苯甲酰胺SC在油菜进入花期后使用。     

茶园生物菌肥的营养效应研究

研究腊状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)、K1菌株(胶质芽孢杆菌)(Bacillus mucilaginosus)及K2(胶质芽孢杆菌)、K3(胶质芽孢杆菌),两类细菌在实验室条件下的解磷、解钾作用,通过对特定波长、不同pH值条件下培养液的吸光度来确定单位体积菌数的多少,结果显示,在pH值为5.5~6.5之间的吸光度较高,即这些菌株能在此pH值范围内较好生长。将菌株发酵液与菜籽饼混合,配制成生物菌肥施入茶园土壤具有提高土壤速效养分含量、促进茶树新梢生长、增加茶叶产量的效果。结果表明:所选菌株作为菌种配制茶园生物菌肥,对提高土壤肥力,促进茶树生长,增加茶叶产量均有较好效果。     

加工番茄粘稠度性状的配合力和遗传力分析

试验以加工番茄7个品系为试验材料,采用Griffing第2种方案配制21个杂交组合,对番茄粘稠度性状进行配合力分析和遗传力分析。结果表明,粘稠度性状一般配合力较高的亲本80、77和81,其杂交后的组合77×80、77×81的特殊配合力也最高;粘稠度性状是以基因的非加性效应为主,狭义遗传力较低,不宜早期时代进行选择。但杂种一代值具有超亲优势现象,存在杂种优势。因此,高粘稠度品种育种应以优势育种为主,辅之以杂交育种。