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Johannes Trini Hans Peter Maurer Sigrid Weissmann Tobias Würschum 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(5):906-915
Accurate hybrid prediction and knowledge about the relative contribution of general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) are of utmost importance for efficient hybrid breeding. We therefore evaluated 91 triticale single-cross hybrids in field trials at seven environments for plant height, heading time, fresh biomass, dry matter content and dry biomass. Fresh and dry biomass showed the highest proportion (23%) of variance due to SCA. Prediction accuracies based on GCA were slightly higher than based on mid-parent values. Utilizing parental kinship information yielded the highest prediction accuracies when both parental lines have been tested in other hybrid combinations, but still moderate-to-low prediction accuracies for two untested parents. Thus, hybrid prediction for biomass traits in triticale is currently promising based on mid-parent values as emphasized by our simulation study, but can be expected to shift to GCA-based prediction with an increasing importance of GCA due to selection in hybrid breeding. Moreover, the performance of potential hybrids between newly developed lines can be predicted with moderate accuracy using genomic relationship information. 相似文献
3.
Cavaletto Giacomo Faccoli Massimo Marini Lorenzo Spaethe Johannes Giannone Filippo Moino Simone Rassati Davide 《Journal of pest science》2021,94(3):871-883
Journal of Pest Science - Longhorn beetles are commonly moved among continents within wood packaging materials used in trades. Visual inspections carried out at points of entry often fail to detect... 相似文献
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Erik?V.?BachtiarEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Sergio?J.?Sanabria Johannes?P.?Mittig Peter?Niemz 《Wood Science and Technology》2017,51(1):47-67
Ultrasonic testing is a non-destructive testing method of choice for estimating the anisotropic elastic properties of wood materials. This method is reliable for estimating the Young’s and shear moduli. However, its applicability to Poisson’s ratios remains uncertain. On the other hand, despite their destructive nature, mechanical tests allow a direct measurement of all elastic properties including the Poisson’s ratios. In some cases (e.g. when assessing cultural heritage objects), destructive testing may not be an option. In this work, two types of hardwood walnut (Juglans regia L.) and cherry (Prunus avium L.), which often appear on cultural heritage objects, were tested using both ultrasonic and mechanical testing methods under four different moisture conditions below fibre saturation point. The results show that a higher moisture condition leads to a decrease in material elasticity. For walnut wood, their longitudinal Young’s modulus (\(E_{\rm L}\)) was reduced by 679 MPa under the compression load for a one per cent increase in moisture content. Moreover, three ultrasound data evaluation techniques, which differ in the way they incorporate the Poisson’s ratios (full stiffness inversion, simplified uncorrected, and simplified corrected), were used to estimate the Young’s moduli (E). The main goal is to obtain reliable material parameters using the ultrasound test. As a result, it is concluded that the chosen data evaluation method influences the accuracy of the calculated E. In a certain case, the simplified-corrected method, which requires only one specimen type, gave a closer agreement to mechanical tests (e.g. \(\Delta E_{\rm T}=6\,\%\) deviation on mechanical results). In another case, the full-stiffness-inversion method, which requires four specimen types, gave the best estimation (e.g. \(\Delta E_{\rm L}=2\,\%\)). In this corresponding direction, the simplified-corrected method can only partially reduce the overestimation of the simplified uncorrected from \(\Delta E_{\rm L}=47\) to 32 %. The variation of E produced by different evaluation procedures is due to the different correction factor values, which is a consequence of the variation in \(\nu\). 相似文献
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Elena Russold Tamas D Ambrisko Johannes P Schramel Ulrike Auer Rene Van Den Hoven Yves P Moens 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2013,40(1):48-54
ObjectiveTo compare tidal volume estimations obtained from Respiratory Ultrasonic Plethysmography (RUP) with simultaneous spirometric measurements in anaesthetized, mechanically ventilated horses.Study designProspective randomized experimental study.AnimalsFive experimental horses.MethodsFive horses were anaesthetized twice (1 week apart) in random order in lateral and in dorsal recumbency. Nine ventilation modes (treatments) were scheduled in random order (each lasting 4 minutes) applying combinations of different tidal volumes (8, 10, 12 mL kg?1) and positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) (0, 10, 20 cm H2O). Baseline ventilation mode (tidal volume = 15 mL kg?1, PEEP = 0 cm H2O) was applied for 4 minutes between all treatments. Spirometry and RUP data were downloaded to personal computers. Linear regression analyses (RUP versus spirometric tidal volume) were performed using different subsets of data. Additonally RUP was calibrated against spirometry using a regression equation for all RUP signal values (thoracic, abdominal and combined) with all data collectively and also by an individually determined best regression equation (highest R2) for each experiment (horse versus recumbency) separately. Agreement between methods was assessed with Bland-Altman analyses.ResultsThe highest correlation of RUP and spirometric tidal volume (R2 = 0.81) was found with the combined RUP signal in horses in lateral recumbency and ventilated without PEEP. The bias ± 2 SD was 0 ± 2.66 L when RUP was calibrated for collective data, but decreased to 0 ± 0.87 L when RUP was calibrated with individual data.Conclusions and clinical relevanceA possible use of RUP for tidal volume measurement during IPPV needs individual calibration to obtain limits of agreement within ± 20%. 相似文献
8.
Thomas R. De Ridder Justine E. Campbell Cheryl Burke‐Schwarz David Clegg Emily L. Elliot Samuel Geller Wendy Kozak Stephen T. Pittenger Jennifer B. Pruitt Jocelyn Riehl Julie White Melissa L. Wiest Chad M. Johannes John Morton Pamela D. Jones Peter F. Schmidt Victoria Gordon Paul Reddell 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2021,35(1):415-429
9.
Prange A Modrow H Hormes J Krämer J Köhler P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(17):6930-6938
Cereals contaminated by Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., and Fusarium spp. and their mycotoxins, for example, ochratoxin A (OTA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), are not only a risk to human and animal health but can also show poor technological properties and baking quality. The influence of these genera on the sulfur speciation of low molecular weight (LMW) subunits of glutenin was characterized by investigating suboptimally stored wheat samples in situ by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and baking tests. Field fungi of the genus Fusarium have hardly any influence on both the sulfur speciation of wheat gluten proteins and the baking properties, whereas storage fungi of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium have a direct influence. An increased amount of sulfur in sulfonic acid state was found, which is not available for thiol/disulfide exchange reactions in the gluten network, and thus leads to a considerably reduced baking volume. From changes of the composition of the mould flora during suboptimal storage of wheat and from the mycotoxin contents, it can be concluded that microbial competitive interactions play an important role in the development of the mould flora and the mycotoxin concentrations during (suboptimal) storage of wheat. 相似文献
10.
Sabine Augustin Jan Evers Hans-Peter Dietrich Johannes Eichhorn Thomas Haussmann Regina Icke Ansgar Isenberg Wolfgang Lux Monica Musio Hans Pretzsch Winfried Riek Thomas Rötzer Bernd Schultze Andreas Schulze Jörg Schröder Walter Seidling Nicole Wellbrock Klaus von Wilpert Barbara Wolff 《European Journal of Forest Research》2005,124(4):251-260
In the 1970s unexpected forest damages, called “new type of forest damage” or “forest decline”, were observed in Germany and
other European countries. The Federal Republic of Germany and the German Federal States implemented a forest monitoring system
in the early 1980s, in order to monitor and assess the forest condition. Due to the growing public awareness of possible adverse
effects of air pollution on forests, in 1985 the ICP Forests was launched under the convention on long-range transboundary
air pollution (CLRTAP) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN-ECE). The German experience in forest monitoring
was a base for the implementation of the European monitoring system. In 2001 the interdisciplinary case study “concept and
feasibility study for the integrated evaluation of environmental monitoring data in forests”, funded by the German Federal
Ministry of Education and Research, concentrated on in-depths evaluations of the German data of forest monitoring. The objectives
of the study were: (a) a reliable assessment of the vitality and functioning of forest ecosystems, (b) the identification
and quantification of factors influencing forest vitality, and (c) the clarification of cause-effect-relationships leading
to leaf/needle loss. For these purposes additional data from external sources were acquired: climate and deposition, for selected
level I plots tree growth data, as well as data on groundwater quality. The results show that in particular time series analysis
(crown condition, tree growth, and tree ring analysis), in combination with climate and deposition are valuable and informative,
as well as integrated evaluation of soil, tree nutrition and crown condition data. Methods to combine information from the
extensive and the intensive monitoring, and to transfer process information to the large scale should be elaborated in future.
相似文献
Sabine AugustinEmail: |