兽药使用环节存在的问题及对策

经过对兽药生产厂家和经营企业几年的整治,尤其是新<兽药管理条例>和<兽药标签和说明书管理办法>出台后,又经过GMP认证,兽药生产经营市场秩序和经营行为得到了一定的规范.但兽药使用环节中却存在诸多的问题,如:违法使用人用药品;违法使用禁用兽药;不执行休药期规定;未建立台帐等等.这些问题的存在,直接导致了动物产品的安全性问题.对此,笔者分析了兽药使用环节存在问题的原因,并对解决这些问题提出了个人观点.     

Potency of enflurane in dogs: comparison with halothane and isoflurane

Circulatory and respiratory responses to graded increases in alveolar concentrations of enflurane were investigated in unpremedicated healthy dogs during conditions of spontaneous and controlled ventilation. The minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) of enflurane that prevented movement in response to a standard painful stimulus was determined for each dog and averaged 2.06 vol%. In these studies, enflurane produced cardiopulmonary depression in proportion to the alveolar dose. The average end-tidal enflurane concentration that produced at least 60 s of apnea was 5.29 vol% (ie, MAC 2.57). A comparison of these data with previous studies in dogs indicates that equipotent concentrations of enflurane are at least as depressant to the cardiopulmonary system as halothane and isoflurane.     

正交试验法优化普抗合剂制备工艺

以干浸膏得率和黄芩苷提取率为考核指标,采用正交试验法对普抗合剂水提取醇沉淀制备工艺进行考察.普抗合剂最佳制备工艺方案为加水量10倍,提取2次,每次1 h,55%的乙醇沉淀杂质 .该工艺科学合理,适合于大规模工业生产.     

Erythrocyte deformation in human muscular dystrophy

Erythrocytes from patients with congenital muscular dystrophy exhibit dramatic surface deformation when observed with a scanning electron microscope. A similar alteration, but one affecting a smaller proportion of cells, occurs in the case of female carriers of the sex-linked Duchenne dystrophic condition. These observed changes in the erythrocyte surface may reflect a systemic defect in membrane properties.     

C型肉毒梭菌肉毒毒素的提取与鉴定

[目的]通过对C型肉毒梭菌肉毒毒素的提取与鉴定,为类毒素和抗毒素的制备及抗原性分析奠定基础.[方法]将分离鉴定得到的C型肉毒梭菌通过扩大培养、产毒培养后将产生的肉毒毒素采用除菌过滤、硫酸铵盐盐析、离心、透析、浓缩的方法从产毒培养基中分离提取出来.再将提取的肉毒毒素通过SDS-PAGE鉴定毒素蛋白的分子量.[结果]分离出来的毒素蛋白重链和轻链分别在98和53 KDa左右,与C型肉毒毒素的理论分子量相符.[结论]提取的肉毒毒素是C型肉毒毒素.