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排序方式: 共有214条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
In the domestic pig, a circadian rhythm of plasma cortisol occurs, with greatest concentrations in the morning and lowest concentrations in the afternoon. However, photic entrainment of the rhythms of ACTH and melatonin in pigs have not been defined clearly. This experiment was designed to evaluate free-running rhythms of ACTH, cortisol and melatonin in pigs housed in constant light (LL) and constant darkness (DD). Twelve crossbred barrows, maintained under ambient photoperiod, were catheterized and tethered individually in two environmentally controlled rooms, one with LL and the other with DD. For animals in LL, fluorescent lights provided 202 +/- 15 (mean +/- standard deviation) lux of light at 65 cm above the floors. Incandescent nightlights equipped with 7 watt red bulbs provided 7 +/- 2 lux and were illuminated continuously in both rooms. Pigs were given at least 14 d exposure to LL and DD, then samples of plasma and serum were obtained at hourly intervals for 48 hr. Plasma was assayed for ACTH, and serum for cortisol and melatonin. Periodograms were constructed to analyze the data. For this type of analysis, a statistic, Qp, is calculated, and circadian periodicity is suggested if maximum Qp (Qp max) occurs at or near 24 hr. The period of the free-running rhythms (tau) at Qp max for ACTH, cortisol and melatonin for pigs in LL (23.80 +/- .01, 23.78 +/- .01, and 23.21 +/- .02 hr, respectively) did not differ significantly from those for pigs in DD (23.39 +/- .01, 23.20 +/- .01, and 22.55 +/- .02 hr, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
2.
Questionnaire‐based Analysis of Owner‐reported Scratching and Pain Signs in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Screened for Chiari‐like Malformation and Syringomyelia
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C.R. Sparks S. Cerda‐Gonzalez E.H. Griffith B.D.X. Lascelles N.J. Olby 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):331-339
Background
Chiari‐like malformation (CM) and syringomyelia (SM) cause a pain syndrome in Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCS). Clinical signs are not consistently apparent on neurologic examination, and owner reporting of signs provides vital clinical history. However, owner questionnaires for this disease are not well developed.Objectives
To develop a tool to capture owner‐reported clinical signs for use in clinical trials and to compare owner‐reported signs with the presence of pain on neurologic examination and SM on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Animals
Fifty client‐owned CKCS.Methods
Owners completed a questionnaire and pain/scratch map. Each dog underwent a neurologic examination and craniocervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Questionnaire responses were developed into scores, area of shading for pain/scratch maps was measured, and consistency of responses between these tools was assessed. Owner‐reported findings were compared with neurologic examination findings and presence and severity of SM on MRI.Results
Thirty‐three dogs were symptomatic and 17 asymptomatic; 30 had SM. The most common sign of pain was crying out when lifted (n = 11). Extent of shaded areas on maps positively correlated with questionnaire scores for pain (r2 = 0.213, P = 0.006) and scratch (r2 = 0.104, P = 0.089). Owner‐reported findings were not significantly associated with presence or severity of SM or neurologic examination findings. Owner‐reported lateralization of signs was significantly associated with SM lateralization (P < 0.0001).Conclusions
The questionnaire and maps may be useful for clinical trials. Lack of association of owner‐reported signs with SM highlights our lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of pain in this disease. 相似文献3.
S. T. Elazab D. E. Schrunk R. W. Griffith S. M. Ensley G. Dell'Anna K. Mullin M. G. Elsayed M. S. Amer S. M. El‐Nabtity W. H. Hsu 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(3):374-377
The pharmacokinetics of cefquinome were studied in healthy and Pasteurella multocida‐infected rabbits after a single intramuscular (IM) injection at 2 mg/kg of its sulfate salt. Twelve female New Zealand white rabbits (2.0–2.5 kg) were used; six of them served as controls, and the other six had been infected with P. multocida; the experiments were conducted 1–2 days after nasal inoculation of P. multocida when rabbits showed the signs of respiratory infection. Plasma concentrations of cefquinome were determined using high‐performance liquid chromatography. The values of elimination half‐life, area under the curve, area under the first moment curve, and mean residence time were significantly lower in infected rabbits (0.48 hr, 4.54 hr*μg/ml, 3.63 hr* hr*μg/ml and 0.8 hr, respectively) than healthy rabbits (0.72 hr, 9.11 hr*μg/ml, 9.85 hr* hr*μg/ml and 1.1 hr, respectively), whereas total body clearance was significantly higher in infected than healthy rabbits. Therefore, P. multocida infection caused significant changes in some of the pharmacokinetic parameters of cefquinome in rabbits. These pharmacokinetic changes may affect dose regimen when used in P. multocida‐infected rabbits. 相似文献
4.
5.
Mechanical and Thermal Sensory Testing in Normal Chondrodystrophoid Dogs and Dogs with Spinal Cord Injury caused by Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniations
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6.
In May 2019, 96 cattle died from Pimelea toxicity in a period of 19 days after potential exposure, with the first deaths occurring within 5 days. After examining the circumstances, we suspect that several factors contributed to the deaths. These included that recently purchased stock and transported had access to flooded land containing Pimelea elongata. This weed species contains simplexin and 18 other compounds. Roots, flowers and seeds are significantly more toxic than the stem, branches and leaves. We suspect that thirsty and hungry stock consumed seed and roots from flooded pastures and consumed lethal doses of simplexin. Blood tests were not good indicators of the conditions. Management strategies are suggested. 相似文献
7.
The purpose of this study was to determine the cardiovascular effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP)‐induced after load reduction in dogs administered dexmedetomidine (DEX). Using a randomized crossover design and allowing at least 2 weeks between treatments 12 adult hound dogs of either sex weighing 22 ± 1.7 SD kg were anesthetized by face mask administration of 2.9% ET sevoflurane to facilitate instrumentation prior to administration of treatment drugs. Dogs were intubated and instrumented to enable measurement of heart rate (HR), systolic (SAP), mean (MAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressures, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary arterial temperature (TEMP), and cardiac output (CO). Systemic (SVR) and pulmonary vascular resistances were calculated. Following completion of instrumentation dogs were allowed to recover for 40 minutes. After collection of baseline data, dogs were administered one of four treatments at T–10 minutes prior to injection of DEX (500? g M–2 IM): 1) saline (SAL); 2) atropine (ATR, 0.02 [n = 6] or 0.04 [n = 6] mg kg–1 IM); 3) SAL + SNP (infused at 1–10 ?g kg–1 minute–1, IV as needed to maintain MAP between 90–110 mm Hg; or 4) ATR + SNP. Cardiovascular data were collected at T‐20 minutes prior to administration of DEX, T‐5 and at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 minutes following DEX. Data were analyzed using anova for repeated measures with post hoc differences between means identified using Bonferroni's method (p < 0.05). Differences in ATR dose were not found to be significant and thus results for ATR dose groups were pooled. Administration of SAL (dexmedetomidine alone) was associated with decreases in HR and CO and increases in SAP, MAP, DAP, CVP, and SVR. Administration of ATR was associated with an increase in HR and CO compared with SAL. Administration of SNP was associated with an increase in HR and CO and a decrease in SVR, MAP and CVP compared with SAL. Administration of SNP + ATR was associated with effects similar to that of SNP or ATR alone and resulted in an additive increase in CO. We conclude that SNP‐induced afterload reduction with or without atropine is effective in mitigating DEX‐induced impairment of cardiovascular function. 相似文献
8.
Griffith CA Steigerwald ES Buffington CA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2000,217(8):1154-1156
OBJECTIVE: TO evaluate the effects of a synthetic feline facial pheromone (FFP) on behavior and food intake of healthy versus clinically ill cats. DESIGN: Original study. ANIMALS: 20 cats were used in each of 2 studies. In each study, 7 cats were considered healthy, and 13 cats were determined to be clinically ill. PROCEDURE: In study 1, cats were assigned either to exposure to FFP (treated group; 4 healthy, 6 ill cats) or to exposure to the vehicle (70% ethanol solution; control group; 3 healthy, 7 ill cats). Cats were placed in a cage containing a small cotton towel that had been sprayed with FFP or vehicle 30 minutes previously. Cats were then videotaped for 125 minutes, and food intake was measured during this period. Videotapes were scored at 5-minute intervals for various behaviors. In study 2, cats were categorized in 1 of 2 groups; group 1 (2 healthy, 8 ill cats) had a cat carrier placed in their cages, and group 2 (5 healthy, 5 ill cats) did not. All cats were exposed to FFP, and 24-hour food intake was measured. RESULTS: Differences between behaviors of healthy versus clinically ill cats were not identified. In the first study, significant increases in grooming and interest in food were found in cats exposed to FFP compared with vehicle. For all cats, significant positive correlations were detected between grooming and facial rubbing, walking and facial rubbing, interest in food and facial rubbing, eating and facial rubbing, grooming and interest in food, and grooming and eating. In the second study, 24-hour food intake was significantly greater in cats exposed to FFP and the cat carrier, compared with cats exposed to FFP alone. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that exposure to FFP may be useful to increase food intake of hospitalized cats. 相似文献
9.
The effects of experimental Salmonella cholerae-suis inoculation with a virulent and an avirulent strain on serum iron (SI), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and transferrin (TF) were evaluated. Inoculation of virulent strain 38 was followed by significant (P less than 0.05) decreases of SI, TIBC, and TF. Exposure to avirulent strain 33 was followed by moderate decreases of SI, TIBC, and TF. When exposure to avirulent strain 33 was followed by challenge exposure with virulent strain 38, the SI, TIBC, and TF values remained at initial values or were higher. Negative correlation was observed between rectal temperature and SI and TIBC values, but was significant (P less than 0.0001) only 7 days after inoculation of the virulent strain 38. 相似文献
10.
Griffith CR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1922,56(1459):676-678