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1.
Rocío González Jesús Domingo Celada José Manuel Carral Vanesa García María Sáez‐Royuela Álvaro González 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(9):1385-1392
Recent advances in crayfish feeding have enabled the development of size grading studies from the start of first‐feeding. A 180‐day experiment aimed at intensive rearing of Pacifastacus leniusculus was carried out under controlled conditions, evaluating the effects of size grading at two different periods from the onset of exogenous feeding. Stage 2 juveniles were stocked in fibreglass tanks at a density of 100 m2, and fed a dry diet for salmonids combined with restricted amounts of Artemia cysts. Five groups were tested: no grading, grading at 60 days (large and small size) and grading at 100 days (large and small size). After 6 months, no significant differences were found in the survival among groups (mean: 73.06%). The highest final growth (pooled results from upper and lower classes: 17.39 mm carapace length, 1.43 g weight) was achieved by the crayfish sorted at 60 days, showing significant differences from the ungraded group. Smaller crayfish graded at 60 days grew significantly faster than smaller crayfish graded at 100 days. The food conversion ratio was lower in the graded groups (mean: 2.64), showing significant differences from the ungraded group (3.23). This study shows that size grading allows a better performance and an improved feeding efficiency. 相似文献
2.
Julia Ramos Miranda David Mouillot Atahualpa Sosa Lopez Thang Do Chi Domingo Flores Hernández 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2008,18(5):508-517
- 1. The coastline is very sensitive to both climatic and human influences but also provides essential goods and services upon which human welfare depends. Species inhabiting these coastal areas provide valuable resources and enhance ecosystem functioning: it is therefore essential to understand the main factors influencing species abundance patterns. The aim of this study is to estimate the amount of variation in nekton coastal assemblages explained by spatial, temporal and environmental variables.
- 2. Nekton sampling was carried out over 17 months in the Terminos Lagoon, a reserve area situated in the Gulf of Mexico, using a shrimp trawl. At each station, 11 environmental variables were recorded. The influence of seasonal, spatial and environmental variables on nekton species abundance was analysed using Partial Canonical Correspondence Analysis (PCCA).
- 3. The explanatory variables explained only 19.7% of the total observed variation in the nekton community for the Terminos Lagoon. The major part of the explained variation was due to the spatial effect (9.2%), while environmental variables and seasonality explained only 3.6% and 0.8%, respectively, suggesting the necessity to consider experimental fishing design in such artisanal fisheries.
- 4. Results also suggest focusing on more integrative indicators of community structure such as measures of taxonomic diversity based on presence/absence or on measures related to functional attributes of communities rather than using species abundance patterns to predict changes in coastal ecosystems.
3.
A. Pérez-Pastor R. Domingo A. Torrecillas Ma. C. Ruiz-Sánchez 《Irrigation Science》2009,27(3):231-242
During four growing seasons, 10-year-old apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca L., cv. ‘Búlida’) were submitted to three different drip irrigation regimes: (1) a control treatment, irrigated at 100% of
seasonal crop evapotranspiration (ETc), (2) a continuous deficit irrigation (DI) treatment, irrigated at 50% of the control
treatment, and (3) a regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) treatment, irrigated at 100% of ETc during the critical periods, which
correspond to stage III of fruit growth and 2 months after harvest (early postharvest), and at 25% of ETc during the rest
of the non-critical periods in the first two growing seasons and at 40% of ETc in the third and fourth. Soil–plant–water relation
parameters were sensitive to the water deficits applied, which caused reductions in leaf and soil water potentials. The longer
and severer deficits of the RDI treatment decreased fruit yield in the first two seasons. The RDI treatment pointed to two
threshold values that defined the level at which both plant growth and yield were negatively affected with respect to the
control treatment: (1) a predawn leaf water potential of around −0.5 MPa during the critical periods, and (2) a 22% drop in
irrigation water. The total yield obtained in the DI treatment was significantly reduced in all the years studied due to the
lower number of fruits per tree. No changes in the physical characteristics of fruits were observed at harvest. RDI can be
considered a useful strategy in semiarid areas with limited water resources. 相似文献
4.
Serrano M Valverde JM Guillén F Castillo S Martínez-Romero D Valero D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(11):3882-3886
Table grapes (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Crimson Seedless) were coated with Aloe vera gel according to our developed patent (SP Patent P200302937) and then stored for 35 days at 1 degrees C, and the subsequent shelf life (SL) was monitored at 20 degrees C. Uncoated clusters showed a rapid loss of functional compounds, such as total phenolics and ascorbic acid. These changes were accompanied by reduction of the total antioxidant activity (TAA) and increases in total anthocyanins, showing an accelerated ripening process. On the contrary, table grapes coated with Aloe vera gel significantly delayed the above changes, such as the retention of ascorbic acid during cold storage or SL. Consequently, Aloe vera gel coating, a simple and noncontaminating treatment, maintained the functional properties during postharvest storage of table grapes. 相似文献
5.
1-methylcyclopropene increases storability and shelf life in climacteric and nonclimacteric plums 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Martínez-Romero D Dupille E Guillén F Valverde JM Serrano M Valero D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(16):4680-4686
The effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at three different doses (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 microL L(-1)) on the ripening processes of a climacteric, cv. Santa Rosa, and a suppressed climacteric type, cv. Golden Japan, plum was studied. For both cultivars, positive effects were observed in terms of inhibition of ethylene production and delays of the physical, chemical, and biochemical changes associated with ripening. 1-MCP-treated plums were firmer with lower weight loss, reduced degrees Brix/titratable acidity ratios, and lower color changes during cold storage and subsequent shelf life at 20 degrees C than controls. For most factors, the effectiveness of 1-MCP was dose-dependent in Santa Rosa but dose-independent for Golden Japan. 相似文献
6.
Blanco-Gomis D Mangas Alonso JJ Margolles Cabrales I Arias Abrodo P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(5):1097-1100
In the current study, the fatty acids composition of 30 monovarietal apple juices from six cider apple varieties belonging to two categories was analyzed. The different apple juices were obtained from three consecutive harvests (1997, 1998, and 1999). The fatty acids concentration in apple juice together with chemometric techniques such as principal components analysis (PCA), soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), allowed us to differentiate apple juices on the basis of the sweet or sharp category to which the cider apple variety belongs. Fatty acids such as the unsaturated oleic and linoleic acids, and saturated caprylic, capric, stearic, and palmitic acids were related to the sweet cider apple category, while pentadecanoic acid is related to the sharp class. 相似文献
7.
8.
The efficiency of nitrogen in cattle manures when applied to a double‐annual forage cropping system 下载免费PDF全文
B. Perramon À. D. Bosch‐Serra F. Domingo‐Olivé J. Boixadera 《Grass and Forage Science》2017,72(4):676-690
The use of cattle manure (CM) for fertilization presents challenges for optimizing nitrogen (N) use. Our work aimed to assess N efficiencies, in a 6‐year experiment with three biennial rotations of four crops: oat–sorghum (first year) and ryegrass–maize (second year) in a rainfed humid Mediterranean area of Spain. Fertilization treatments included the following: control (no N), 250 kg mineral N ha?1 year?1 (250MN), three CM rates (supplying 170, 250 and 500 kg N ha?1 year?1) and four treatments where the two lowest CM rates were complemented with either 80 or 160 kg mineral N ha?1 year?1. Treatments were distributed randomly in each of three blocks. Maximum dry‐matter yield (~44–49 t ha?1 rotation?1) was achieved in the third rotation, and only the control and the 170CM yielded significantly less. Within the limitations of the EU Nitrate Directive, the N steady state supply of 170CM always requires a complement of mineral N (80 kg N ha?1) to maximize N agronomic efficiency. The maximum N‐fertilizer replacement value (250CM vs. 250MN) was 0·67, without significant differences between the two treatments in other N‐related efficiency indexes, which indicates that plants took advantage of residual‐N effects. Nitrogen losses by leaching in the 250CM treatment were around 5–7% of the N applied. This reinforces the sustainability of manure recycling in long cropping seasons. 相似文献
9.
New Forests - Mediterranean holm oak forests are subjected to chronic seasonal droughts coinciding with the warmest conditions during the summer. Importantly, climate change projections support... 相似文献
10.
Improving Drought Tolerance of Rice by Designed QTL Pyramiding 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Drought is the most important factor limiting rice yields in the rainfed areas of Asia. To overcome the problem we developed a new strategy ''''designed QTL pyramiding'''' to more efficiently develop drought tolerant 《分子植物育种》2007,5(2):205-206
Drought is the most important factor limiting rice yields in the rainfed areas of Asia. To overcome the problem, we developed a new strategy 'designed QTL pyramiding' to more efficiently develop drought tolerant (DT) rice cultivars. In the first phase of this strategy, we developed large numbers of introgression lines (ILs) in elite backgrounds using backcross (BC) breeding, each of which carries multiple genomic segments for improved DT from a known donor. Then, we genotyped all ILs with SSR markers to track the genomewide pattern of introgression in the DT ILs of 16 BC populations derived from crosses between 2 recipients (IR64 and Teqing) and four different donors. X^2 tests and linkage disequilibrium analyses of introgression in the DT ILs revealed significant frequency shifts at many loci across the genome and non-random associations at the multilocus level as a result of selection for DT in the ILs, which led us to the discovery of putative genetic networks underlying DT in the ILs. The networks each containing all DT loci detected in ILs from a BC population showed some interesting features. 相似文献