Evaluation of functional muscle anatomy scalability in the canine hind limb

In contrast to other mammals, the large variation in dog sizes is not accompanied by any significant genetic re-organization. In order to study the relationship between body mass, limb length and the functional anatomical muscle parameters of the canine hind limb, a large dataset comprising of muscle masses, optimal muscle fibre lengths and physiological cross-sectional area's (PCSA) were acquired for twenty-five muscles in ten dogs of sizes varying between 20 kg and 52 kg. The potential of body mass and limb length for reliably scaling individual muscle masses, optimal muscle fibre lengths and PCSA's were examined. For the majority of the muscles of the canine hind limb, neither body mass nor limb length were reliable scaling parameter for either muscle masses, PCSA's and optimal fibre length. These results indicate the need of a breed-specific approach to musculoskeletal modelling in future canine musculoskeletal research.     

Age prevalence of trypanosomal infections in female Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae) on the plateau area of eastern Zambia

Trypanosomal infections in female Glossina morsitans morsitans were investigated in an area in the Eastern Province of Zambia between 1992 and 1994. A total of 4416 flies were captured, aged using the ovarian ageing method and screened for trypanosomal infections in both the mouthparts, salivary glands and the midgut. Congolense-type infections were identified in 4.8% of the flies. Vivax-type and immature infections were identified in 1.8% and 6.8% of the flies, respectively. The prevalence of congolense-type, vivax-type and immature infections increased with age. For vivax-type infections the age-prevalence relationship could be described by a model assuming a constant per capita rate of infection. For congolense-type and midgut infections, a polynomial term was added to the model significantly improving the fit. The per capita at which flies become infected was significantly higher for immature compared to mature infections. Observations strongly suggest that tsetse acquire new midgut infections at any age and that maturation of these infections is not limited to those obtained during the first blood meal.     

依朗芷硬胶在广州石化厂矿区的生长表现分析

1989年3月,引入依朗芷硬胶在广州石化厂矿区作抗污染与行道树种种植,16年的试种结果和 4年育苗试验表明:该树种生长良好,每年都能开花结实,叶色翠绿,终年不凋,自然整枝良好,树冠近球形, 喜温暖和阳光充足环境,对土壤要求不严,对肥水要求不高,耐土壤瘠薄,耐干旱,无病虫害,抗污染能力强, 种子繁殖出苗率高,苗期生长速度也较快。该树种适应广州地区的气候条件,可广泛应用于行道树、厂矿区绿化、庭园绿化、森林公园和风景林建设等。     

福建省水牛巴贝斯焦虫病调查研究 Ⅱ.病原鉴定

1981～1986年调查福建省崇安县水牛巴贝斯焦虫病,该病病原初步鉴定为牛巴贝斯焦虫Babesia boris(Babes,1988)。病原各类虫体形态所占比例分别为:单梨形虫体占37.21％,双梨形虫体占35.03%,椭圆形虫体占16.73%,环形虫体占7.67％,圆形虫体占1.34%和变形虫形虫体占2.01％。红细胞染虫数1～4个,多数1～2个。带虫红细胞平均直径5.25μm。梨形虫体平均长度1.98μm。虫体指数为1:1.04～2.76。红细胞染虫率x4.33%,S1.97％。虫体位于红细胞中部占78.55％,位子红细胞边缘占21.45％。双梨形虫体尖端排列形成钝角、锐角和直线分别为80.19％、14.15％和5.66％。     

Population studies of the citrus psylla,trioza erytreae: factors influencing dispersal

More adults of the citrus psylla,Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), dispersed when the number of eggs, nymphs or adults on the citrus increased (positive correlations) and also when new leaves that were present decreased (negative correlation). More psylla were trapped close to high obstacles than in an open area, even though the obstacles were at a distance from the psylla-infested orchard.     

A screening test for Mycosphaerella brassicicola on Brassica oleracea

A greenhouse screening method for resistance to ringspot (Mycosphaerella brassicicola) inBrassica oleracea is described. High infection levels were achieved by spraying young plants by mycelial inoculum enriched with 3% sucrose. The screening method was tested on three Brussels sprouts, three cabbage and three cauliflower cultivars, with known reactions to ringspot in the field. Resistance was expressed both in cotyledons and true leaves by a lower number of lesions than the susceptible control and/or by hypersensitive reactions. Results of the seedling tests reflected differences in resistance in the field. Under controlled conditions the new test can be applied year-round to young plants, thus accelerating selection procedures.     

Outbreaks of proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy on two pig farms

SUMMARY Clinical signs of proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy (PHE) including anaemia, dysentery and sudden death were observed in finisher pigs and young breeding stock on 2 farms. On farm A, PHE occurred 12 months after repopulation of the farm. Other outbreaks of PHE occurred after the withdrawal of therapeutic concentrations of in-feed antibacterial agents (farm A), or after monensin sodium (100 g/t) replaced olaquindox (100 g/t) in feed (farm B). The outbreaks, the possible sources of contamination and the role of antibacterial feed additives in the treatment and control of PHE are described.     

Immunogenetic markers in canine paternity cases

Three cases of disputed paternity in dogs are reported. An identification or exclusion of a sire was possible in all families with the help of genetic markers. Attention is drawn to the lack of communication between dog-breeders, veterinarians and medico-biological research workers all of whom would benefit from an intensified co-operation in the field of dog genetics.