SCINTIGRAPHIC AND RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE SACROILIAC REGION IN HORSES WITH GAIT ABNORMALITIES OR POOR PERFORMANCE

Nuclear bone scintigraphy is commonly used in the diagnosis of sacroiliac disease in horses. The aim of the present retrospective study was to determine if there was an association between radiopharmaceutical uptake pattern and radiographic appearance of the sacroiliac region in horses. Seventy-nine horses undergoing bone scintigraphy with Tc-99 m-HDP and radiography of the pelvis because of lameness or poor performance were studied. Subjective and semiquantitative methods were used to characterize and compare radiopharmaceutical uptake between horses. Ventrodorsal radiographs of the region were obtained and were evaluated. Subjectively, 70 horses (88.6%) had an abnormal uptake pattern. In nine horses, the sacroiliac region was normal (11.4%). There was no association between subjective evaluation of the scintigraphic images and semiquantitative methods. There was a significant association between radiopharmaceutical uptake and conformation (T- or Y-like form) and shape (butterfly-, wing-, leaf-, or horn-like) of the sacrum. The radiopharmaceutical uptake of the tubera sacralia was significantly higher in males (left side P =0.002, right side P =0.003). In conclusion, the conformation of the sacrum may play an important role in the scintigraphic appearance and may be the cause of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake.     

斯洛伐克104份冬小麦种质资源农艺性状的分析及评价

为丰富我国冬小麦遗传多样性,为其遗传改良提供物质保障,对引进的104份斯洛伐克冬小麦种质资源的株高、株穗数、穗长、小穗数、穗粒数和千粒质量等主要农艺性状进行了调查分析。研究结果表明：引进的资源主要表现为株高偏高、穗子较大、千粒质量偏低的特点,且株高、穗长与千粒质量三性状均与对照品种存在极显著差异;6个性状变异系数幅度为0．08～0．37,变异系数的顺序为株穗数＞株高＝主茎穗粒数＞千粒质量＞穗长＞小穗数,表现了丰富的遗传多样性;64份冬性种质与40份春性种质的千粒质量差异达到极显著水平,株高和主茎穗粒数差异达到0．05显著水平,株穗数、穗长和小穗数差异不显著;株高与株穗数、株高与穗长、穗长与小穗数、穗长与穗粒数、小穗数与穗粒数呈极显著正相关,穗长与千粒质量、穗粒数与千粒质量呈显著正相关;聚类分析将104份种质分为4类;筛选出综合农艺性状优良的种质3份,可直接作为亲本材料应用于黄淮冬麦区的小麦遗传改良研究。     

小麦杂交种衡杂102丰产性节水性鉴定及分析

通过化学杀雄配制出杂交种衡杂102,表现出较好的高产性、节水性及适应性。水处理单位面积穗数、穗粒数超标优势为5.77%和3.97%,均达0.05显著水平;千粒重、产量超标优势为9.36%和12.21%,达0.01极显著水平。节水处理平均产量482.44 kg/667 m2,比对照增产8.29%,名列30个参试品种第1名。通过杂种优势利用,可以选育出高产、节水的小麦杂交种。     

CONTRAST MEDIA ENHANCEMENT OF INTRACRANIAL LESIONS IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING DOES NOT REFLECT HISTOPATHOLOGIC FINDINGS CONSISTENTLY

Certain magnetic resonance (MR) enhancement patterns are often considered to be associated with a specific diagnosis but experience shows that this association is not always consistent. Therefore, it is not clear how reliably contrast enhancement patterns correlate with specific tissue changes. We investigated the detailed histomorphologic findings of intracranial lesions in relation to Gadodiamide contrast enhancement in 55 lesions from 55 patients, nine cats, and 46 dogs. Lesions were divided into areas according to their contrast enhancement; therefore 81 areas resulted from the 55 lesions which were directly compared with histopathology. In 40 of 55 lesions (73%), the histomorphologic features explained the contrast enhancement pattern. In particular, vascular proliferation and dilated vessels occurred significantly more often in areas with enhancement than in areas without enhancement (P=0.044). In 15 lesions, there was no association between MR images and histologic findings. In particular, contrast enhancement was found within necrotic areas (10 areas) and ring enhancement was seen in lesions without central necrosis (five lesions). These findings imply that necrosis cannot be differentiated reliably from viable tissue based on postcontrast images. Diffusion of contrast medium within lesions and time delays after contrast medium administration probably play important roles in the presence and patterns of contrast enhancement. Thus, histologic features of lesions cannot be predicted solely by contrast enhancement patterns.     

Incidence of Spinal Compressive Lesions in Chondrodystrophic Dogs with Abnormal Recovery after Hemilaminectomy for Treatment of Thoracolumbar Disc Disease: A Prospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Objective— To investigate causes of the lack of clinical improvement after thoracolumbar disc surgery. Study Design— Case–control magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. Animals— Chondrodystrophic dogs with acute thoracolumbar disc disease treated by hemilaminectomy: 10 that had no short‐term clinical improvement and 12 with “normal” clinical improvement. Methods— Dogs that had surgery for treatment of intervertebral disc extrusion (2003–2008) where thoracolumbar disc disease was confirmed by MRI were evaluated to identify dogs that had lack of clinical improvement after surgery. Ten dogs with delayed recovery or clinical deterioration were reexamined with MRI and compared with 12 dogs with normal recovery and MRI reexamination after 6 weeks (control group). Results— Of 173 dogs, 10 (5.8%) had clinical deterioration within 1–10 days after surgery. In 8 dogs, residual spinal cord compression was identified on MRI. Bleeding was present in 1 dog. In 3 dogs, the cause was an incorrect approach and insufficient disc material removal. In 3 dogs, recurrence occurred at the surgical site. In 1 dog, the centrally located extruded material was shifted to the contralateral side during surgery. These 8 dogs had repeat surgery and recovery was uneventful. In 2 dogs, deterioration could not be associated with a compressive disc lesion. Hemorrhagic myelomalacia was confirmed by pathologic examination in 1 dog. The other dog recovered after 6 months of conservative management. Conclusion— Delayed postsurgical recovery or deterioration is commonly associated with newly developed and/or remaining compressive disc lesion. Clinical Relevance— We recommend early MRI reexamination to assess the postsurgical spinal canal and cord, and to plan further therapeutic measures in chondrodystrophic dogs with delayed recovery after decompressive hemilaminectomy for thoracolumbar disc disease.     

播期和种植密度对冬小麦新品种‘衡6632’产量及其构成因素的影响

为了明确冬小麦新品种‘衡6632’的高产高效栽培技术措施,为该品种大面积应用提供理论依据,进行了不同播期和种植密度对该品种产量及其构成因素影响的研究。试验采用裂区设计,设5个播期和6个种植密度处理,于2014—2015年在河北省深州市护驾迟镇旱作节水试验站进行试验。结果表明:(1)播期对单位面积穗数、千粒重及产量有显著影响,但对穗粒数影响不显著;种植密度对产量及其构成因素均有显著影响。(2)产量随着播期的推迟和种植密度增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势。在一定范围内,‘衡6632’单位面积穗数随着播期的推迟而减少,随密度的增加而增加;穗粒数、千粒重随播期的推迟而增加。穗粒数在种植密度300万/hm~2以上时随种植密度增加而减少。千粒重随种植密度的增加而降低。研究分析表明:‘衡6632’在春一水条件下,适宜播期为10月7—19日,最佳播期为10月10—15日,相应的种植密度为225万~300万/hm~2。     

超高产小麦新种质HS Z6-06-56性状表现及分析

通过对普通小麦（T．aestivum）、四倍体硬粒小麦（T．durum）种问杂交超高产新种质HsZ6．06．56性状表现分析表明：该种质与受体亲本石4185相比，挑旗期、抽穗期及成熟期分别提早1，1及2d，株高、穗长、小穗数三性状等同于受体。在产量构成三因素中，株穗数、穗粒数等同于受体，方差分析差异不显著；千粒重是构成该种质超高产的主要因素，本试验中单项指标超受体幅度达27．72％。利用种间杂种优势，是创造小麦超高产新种质的有效途径。     

MRI FEATURES OF GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCULOTENDINOPATHY IN HERDING DOGS

Pelvic limb lameness that was localized clinically to the lateral gastrocnemius head was observed in dogs without history of trauma. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of this condition. Nine dogs were identified, eight Border Collies and one Australian Shepherd. They all had chronic pelvic limb lameness; no signs of joint effusion or instability were present. In MR images there was high signal intensity in the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle around the sesamoid bone in T2‐weighted, T2^*‐weighted, and STIR images and an iso‐ to mildly hyperintense signal in T1‐weighted images with marked contrast enhancement. The abnormal signal intensity most likely represents a myotendinous strain. The breed affiliation to Border Collies is striking, and a relation to biomechanical forces or motion pattern may be possible. Except for the dog with the most extensive lesion all dogs had an excellent outcome.     

小麦抗旱新种质衡562性状表现及分析

连续9年通过对普通小麦基因型石4185(T.aestivum)与硬粒小麦基因型4184(T.durum)种间杂交后代回交、顶交及辐射处理,选育出节水、高产小麦新种质衡562。近红外技术测定,抗旱指数为1.2。2008～2009年河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所作水、旱处理,水地产量442.39 kg/667 m2,比对照石4185(400.26 kg/667 m2)增产10.53%;旱地产量366.39kg/667 m2,比对照石4185(334.53 kg/667 m2)增产9.52%。2009～2010年在河北省区域试验节水组预备试验中,平均产量394.97 kg/667 m2,比对照增产9.06%,名列24个参试品种第1名。衡562的育成,为小麦节水、抗旱育种提供了具有应用价值的新种质资源。     

RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE AND ANATOMY OF THE EQUINE SACROILIAC REGION

Radiography is part of evaluating horses with poor performance and pelvic limb lameness; however, the radiographic appearance of the sacroiliac region is poorly described. The goal of the present study was to describe the use of a simple technique to obtain radiographs of the sacroiliac region in the anesthetized horse and to describe the radiographic appearance of this region. Seventy-nine horses underwent radiography of the pelvis under general anesthesia in dorsal recumbency. During a 5s exposure time the horse was actively ventilated to blur the abdominal viscera, which allowed assessment of individual bone structures in 77 horses. A large variation in the shape of the sacral wings, their articulation with the transverse processes of L6, and the relation of the sacrum to the ilium were observed. Females had significantly narrower width of the sacral wings. Broad sacral wings and bony proliferations at the caudal aspect were commonly observed features and their size was highly correlated with gender. In males, caudal osteophytes were significantly larger than in females. Five horses had transitional or hemitransitional vertebrae. Radiography with the ventilation-induced blurring technique is a simple approach that results in diagnostic quality radiographs and delineation of the highly variable bone structures of the sacroiliac region.