黑毛和牛在内蒙古呼和浩特地区的繁育

黑毛和牛肉质在日本肉牛中占绝对优势，是世界闻名的独特肉牛品种。通过胚移在内蒙古呼和浩特繁育，表现良好，生长发育指标已达到日本国内品种标准。同黑白花奶牛杂交，其杂种经育肥，32月龄体重达624．8kg，屠宰率为56．3％，净肉率为49．9％；高档肉占净肉的11．6％，优质肉占净肉的22．7％，大理石花纹等级为1、2等级牛占76％。肉的品质均高于我国地方良种。     

The influence of diel period on fish assemblage in the unstructured littoral of reservoirs

Abstract Diel changes in littoral fish assemblage were studied in four reservoirs in the Czech Republic (Central Europe). The sampling was performed by beach seining in an unstructured littoral zone. Perch, Perca fluviatilis L., roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.), bream, Abramis brama (L.), carp, Cyprinus carpio L., ruffe, Gymnocephalus cernua (L.), pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L.), eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.) and A. brama × R. rutilus hybrids exhibited higher densities at night. Only bleak, Alburnus alburnus (L.) exhibited higher densities during the day. The number of species was higher in night hauls, and mean body size of roach and bleak was also higher at night. Diel changes in fish densities resulted in the change in species composition between day and night. The study has implication for the sampling design to assess littoral fish assemblages using beach seine netting and recommends night sampling for a representative assessment or sampling during both diel periods for a robust assessment.     

CUE-MATE诱导新疆褐牛同期发情试验

[目的]为了探索新疆褐牛同期发情处理的有效时间段和最佳处理方法.[方法]采用CUE-MATE孕酮栓+PGF2α法进行新疆褐牛同期发情试验,[结果]表明:同期发情主要集中在取栓后的2 d,平均发情率为72.5%,情期受胎率为66.7%;3月的同期发情率显著高于5月和7月(P＜0.05),达到90.8%,但情期受胎率低于5月和7月,为61.0%,差异不显著(P＞0.05);母牛卵巢上以有黄体的同期发情率最高,达到95.3%,其次是有卵泡的,无黄体、卵泡的最低,三者差异显著(P＜0.05);有卵泡的情期受胎率略高于有黄体的,差异不显著(P＞0.05),无黄体、卵泡的同期发情率和受胎率都最低,差异显著(P＜0.05);育成牛的同期发情率略高于经产牛,为92%,差异不显著(P＞0.05);育成牛的情期受胎率显著高于经产牛(P＜0.05),为73.9%.[结论]环境温度、营养水平及母牛卵巢上有无黄体、卵泡影响发情率的高低,CUE-MATE孕酮栓+PGF2α法可用于诱导新疆褐牛的同期发情.     

Airborne immunization against tuberculosis

Inhalation of very small numbers of living attenuated (BCG) organisms and their multiplication in guinea pigs results in the development of acquired resistance against subsequent airborne infection with virulent tubercle bacilli. Different strains of BCG have differing capacities to immunize by this means.     

5种不同油茶无性系组织培养特性的研究

本研究选取5种油茶优良无性系,在春季不同时间段采集当年生半木质化穗条作外植体,进行芽的诱导、增殖培养。本研究筛选出了各油茶无性系进瓶诱导的最佳时间,具有广谱性、适合无性系繁殖的增殖培养基：H改良＋BA 2.0 mg/L（以下单位同）＋IAA 1.0,同时选出了繁殖系数高、有效苗数量多、可应用于组培产业化发展的优良油茶无性系。     

不同生态型黄瓜亲本杂种质量性状及杂种优势表现程度研究

试验利用7个黄瓜自交系,按Griffing完全双列杂交第二套方案配制28个杂交组合,比较了12个农艺性状、2个生理性状和3个品质性状等数量性状的杂种优势。对3个质量性状遗传规律进行了初步研究,结论如下：有刺型对无刺型呈显性。有瓜把型对无瓜把型呈显性,长瓜把型对短瓜把型呈显性,单株前期产量和单株总产量、可溶性固形物、维生素C表现出较高正向的杂种优势：第一雌花节住、单瓜重平均杂种优势值表现出一定程度的负向杂种优势。     

Interaction of chromatid breaks produced by x-rays and radiomimetic compounds

The results of combination treatments of the roots of Vicia faba with certain radiomimetic compounds (8-ethoxycaffeine, maleic hydrazide, beta-propiolactone, potassium cyanide) and x-ray as well as combination treatments of certain radiomimetic compounds with one another were observed to determine whether interaction will occur between chromosomal breaks induced by different agents. Interaction was observed between breaks induced by x-rays and all of the breaks induced by chemicals but not between breaks induced by any two chemicals. The results are discussed in terms of possible breakage bond differences and the effects of temporal and spatial differences in breaks induced by different agents.     

Carotenoid‐enriched microalgal biomass as feed supplement for freshwater ornamentals: albinic form of wels catfish (Silurus glanis)

Experiments were aimed at examining the effect of carotenoid‐rich microalgal biomass as feed supplement to increase the colouration of a freshwater ornamental fish species – an albinic form of wels catfish (Silurus glanis). We used four Algadiets (AD 1, AD 2, AD 3, AD 4 – various Algadiets prepared by addition of microalgal biomass to a basal diet) made up of a basal diet supplemented with 25 g kg^?1 spray‐dried biomass of green algae Scenedesmus, Chlorella, or Haematococcus enriched in carotenoids (12–60 mg kg^?1 of feed) for a juvenile fish (yearlings; about 14–25 g and 12–15 cm) in indoor tanks. In 2‐month experiments, the fish groups were examined at 20‐day intervals. In the treatment groups fed with Algadiets, the specific growth rate and physical condition index (weight/length) increased by 11–58% and 6–26%, respectively, compared to the control (fed on the basal diet). Skin colouration was evaluated from digital images. An intensive yellow or yellow–orange colouration appeared in all Algadiet‐fed fish groups because colour saturation increased 1.4–2.4 times within 20–40 days of the trial. A change from an albinic to an intensive ‘golden’ colour was visible as the shorter‐wavelength shift from 595–607 to 584–586 nm. These results are economically valuable for albinic catfish breeding, a unique and commercially important species for fisheries in the Czech Republic.