浙东白鹅GAPDH基因的扩增及其在荧光定量PCR中的应用

三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)是一种糖酵解酶,在脊椎动物的所有组织均有稳定的表达,经常作为看家基因来研究基因的表达,本研究分析了鸭GAPDH基因序列,设计了一对引物,利用PCR,RT-PCR技术扩增得到了浙东白鹅的GAPDH基因的DNA序列为235 bp,mRNA序列为209 bp,作为参比基因应用于荧光定量PCR来研究目标基因的表达,目标基因在mRNA水平上的表达量可通过参比基因校正cDNA加入量的不同来研究,荧光定量PCR显示了以cDNA为模板,此引物扩增时Ct具有单一的溶解曲线,说明其表达稳定,可以作为参比基因用于浙东白鹅基因的定量表达研究。     

金华猪PYY基因的克隆与定位

肽YY（PYY）是胃肠道分泌的一种激素,具有抑制食欲的作用。本研究应用PCR技术扩增得到金华猪PYY基因序列为532bp,并应用IMpRH辐射杂种板将其定位在猪15号染色体88．5-89．3cM的位置。     

亚油酸蛋白对牛IVF胚胎的冷冻后发育能力的影响研究

本试验主要讨论了冷冻液添加亚油酸蛋白(LAA)对牛体外受精胚胎(IVF)冷冻后发育能力的影响。结果表明:①低温(0～4℃)保存卵巢获得的卵子受精卵裂率达68.16%(167/245);②LAA添加浓度为4mg/mL时,IVF6日龄胚胎解冻后的存活率与孵化率分别为69.4%(34/49)和22.4%(11/49)最高;不添加LAA的解冻后胚胎的存活率及孵化率分别为47.8%(22/46)和13.0%(6/46)最低,两者差异显著(P<0.05),添加其他浓度各组间差异不显著;③7日龄胚的冻后存活率和孵化率分别为71.4%(90/126)和23.0%(29/126),6日龄胚的分别为68.6%(48/70)和22.9%(16/70),两者差异不显著(P>0.05),8日龄胚的分别为36.3%(33/91)和3%(3/91),与6,7日龄IVF胚冻后的存活率与卵化率差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

Full pedigree quantitative trait locus analysis in commercial pigs using variance components

In commercial livestock populations, QTL detection methods often use existing half-sib family structures and ignore additional relationships within and between families. We reanalyzed the data from a large QTL confirmation experiment with 10 pig lines and 10 chromosome regions using identity-by-descent (IBD) scores and variance component analyses. The IBD scores were obtained using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain method, as implemented in the LOKI software, and were used to model a putative QTL in a mixed animal model. The analyses revealed 61 QTL at a nominal 5% level (out of 650 tests). Twenty-seven QTL mapped to areas where QTL have been reported, and eight of these exceeded the threshold to claim confirmed linkage (P < 0.01). Forty-two of the putative QTL were detected previously using half-sib analyses, whereas 46 QTL previously identified by half-sib analyses could not be confirmed using the variance component approach. Some of the differences could be traced back to the underlying assumptions between the two methods. Using a deterministic approach to estimate IBD scores on a subset of the data gave very similar results to LOKI. We have demonstrated the feasibility of applying variance component QTL analysis to a large amount of data, equivalent to a genome scan. In many situations, the deterministic IBD approach offers a fast alternative to LOKI.     

猪采食规律观测

养猪生产中首先要掌握猪的采食规律,如猪的日采食量、日采食次数、每次采食所需时间等,在此基础上才能准确供给饲料,既使猪充分采食,又能避免饲料浪费,取得更好的经济效益。目前有关猪采     

Antioxidant properties of bran extracts from "Akron" wheat grown at different locations

Bran extracts of Akron wheat grown at four nonirrigated and one irrigated testing locations were examined and compared for their free radical scavenging properties against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH(*)) and the radical cation ABTS(*)(+), chelating capacities, and total phenolic content (TPC) to determine the potential effects of environmental factors on the antioxidant properties of hard winter wheat. The environmental factors included total solar radiation, average daily solar radiation, and number of hours exceeding 32 degrees C. The results showed that bran samples from different growing locations may significantly differ in their radical scavenging activities against both DPPH(*) and ABTS(*)(+), chelating capacities, and TPC. A significant negative correlation was detected between the chelating activities of the bran samples from the four nonirrigated locations and total solar or daily average solar radiation (r = -0.999 and P = 0.001). These data suggest potential influences of growing conditions on the antioxidant properties of hard winter wheat and the possibility of producing wheat that is strong in a selected antioxidant property by optimizing the growing conditions of a selected wheat variety. More research is required to further investigate the relationship among antioxidant properties and environmental factors using different wheat varieties and larger sample sizes.     

A protein sensor for siRNA asymmetry

To act as guides in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) must be unwound into their component strands, then assembled with proteins to form the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which catalyzes target messenger RNA cleavage. Thermodynamic differences in the base-pairing stabilities of the 5' ends of the two approximately 21-nucleotide siRNA strands determine which siRNA strand is assembled into the RISC. We show that in Drosophila, the orientation of the Dicer-2/R2D2 protein heterodimer on the siRNA duplex determines which siRNA strand associates with the core RISC protein Argonaute 2. R2D2 binds the siRNA end with the greatest double-stranded character, thereby orienting the heterodimer on the siRNA duplex. Strong R2D2 binding requires a 5'-phosphate on the siRNA strand that is excluded from the RISC. Thus, R2D2 is both a protein sensor for siRNA thermodynamic asymmetry and a licensing factor for entry of authentic siRNAs into the RNAi pathway.